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Trimethylamine N-oxide generation process was influenced by the proportion and source of macronutrients in the diet

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 649-658页

作者： Chengcheng Wang Xuefeng Duan Xiaoyue Li Jinyue Yang Changhu Xue Teruyoshi Yanagita Tiantian Zhang Yuming Wang College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China laboratory of Nutrition biochemistry Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food ScienceSaga UniversitySaga 840-8502Japan

Trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)is a risk factor of various chronic diseases,which was produced by metabolism from precursors to trimethylamine(TMA)in gut and the oxidation from TMA in *** TMA generation was influenced by diet,mainly due to the rich TMAO precursors in ***,it was still unclear that the effects of different proportion and source of macronutrients in different dietary pattern on the production process of ***,the generation of TMA from precursors and TMAO from TMA was determined after single oral choline chloride and intraperitoneal injection TMA,respectively,in mice fed with carbohydrates,proteins and fats in different proportion and *** results suggested that the generation of TMAO was increased by low non-meat protein and high fat via enhancing the production of TMAO from TMA,and decreased by plant protein and refined sugar via reducing TMA production from precursors in gut and TMAO transformation from TMA in *** high fat and high sugar diets accelerating the development of atherosclerosis did not increase the production of TMAO,the risk factor for atherosclerosis,which indicated that the dietary compositions rather than the elevated TMAO level might be a more key risk factor for atherosclerosis.

关键词： Trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO) Trimethylamine(TMA) Dietary composition Macronutrients Gut microbiota

Jatonik polyherbal mixture induced rat liver MMPT pore opening in normal Wistar rat:In vitro and in vivo studies

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 113-120页

作者： Olabinri P.Folashade Ibrahim Damilare Boyenle Tolulope A.Oyedeji Fiyinfoluwa Demilade Ojeniyi Adisa Ayobami Damilare Leonard O.Ehigie Adeola Folasade Ehigie Membrane biochemistry and Biophysics Research laboratory Department of BiochemistryLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso 210214Nigeria Computational Biology/Drug Discovery laboratory Department of BiochemistryLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso 210214Nigeria College of Health Sciences Crescent University AbeokutaAbeokuta 111105Nigeria Department of biochemistry University of LagosLagos 101017Nigeria

Objective:To assess acute toxicity,the in vitro and in vivo effects of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts(JME and JEE)of Jatonik polyherbal mixture on some mitochondria-related parameters and their effect on the activity of some liver ***:Acute toxicity of JME and JEE was determined using Lorke’s *** vitro and in vivo opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore(MMPT pore)was spectrophotometrically *** of malondialdehyde(MDA)as an index of lipid peroxidation and the activity of mitochondrial ATPase was evaluated in vitro and in vivo and the effect of JME and JEE on the activity of liver enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate and alanine aminotransferase(AST and ALT)and gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)was also ***:JME had an LD_(50) of 3808 mg/kg b.w whereas JEE had an LD_(50) greater than 5000 mg/kg *** *** the rats have been fed with both extracts,a photomicrograph of a piece of liver tissue showed no apparent symptoms of *** the in vitro and in vivo studies,both extracts prompted intact mitochondria to open their MMPT *** compared to the control,lipid peroxide product release and ATPase activity were significantly increased(P<0.05)in vitro and in *** activities of AST,ALT,and GGT were all reduced at 50 mg/kg when treated with JME,but the activity of AST was considerably enhanced when treated with JEE(P<0.05).The results revealed that both JME and JEE of the Jatonik polyherbal mixture had low toxicity,profound MMPTpore induction,and enhanced ATPase activity,but an increased MDA ***:Jatonik extracts may be a promising target for drug development in diseases where there is dysregulation of apoptosis,however,further studies are needed to better clarify the molecular mechanism involved in these phenomena.

关键词： acute toxicity Ageratum conyzoides Linn. apoptosis Hunteria umbellate(K.Schum.)Hallier f. Lepidium meyenii Walp. mitochondrial ATPase mitochondrial lipid peroxidation mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore polyherbal mixture Xylopia aethiopica(Dunal)A.Rich

Sporophytic control of tapetal development and pollen fertility by a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1500-1516页

作者： Jianguo Zeng Manman Duan Yiqing Wang Guangtao Li Yujing You Jie Shi Changhao Liu Jinyang Zhang Juan Xu Shuqun Zhang Jing Zhao Department of Plant Pathology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China State Key laboratory of Plant Physiology and biochemistry College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Division of biochemistry University of MissouriColumbia65211MOUSA

Tapetum,the innermost layer of the anther wall,provides essential nutrients and materials for pollen *** degradation of anther tapetal cells is a prerequisite for normal pollen development in flowering *** cells facilitate male gametogenesis by providing cellular contents after highly coordinated programmed cell death(PCD).Tapetal development is regulated by a transcriptional ***,the signaling pathway(s)involved in this process are poorly *** this study,we report that a mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascade composed of OsYDA1/OsYDA2-OsMKK4-OsMPK6 plays an important role in tapetal development and male gametophyte *** of function of this MAPK cascade leads to anther indehiscence,enlarged tapetum,and aborted pollen *** cells in osmkk4 and osmpk6 mutants exhibit an increased presence of lipid body-like structures within the cytoplasm,which is accompanied by a delayed occurrence of *** of a constitutively active version of OsMPK6(CA-OsMPK6)can rescue the pollen defects in osmkk4 mutants,confirming that OsMPK6 functions downstream of OsMKK4 in this *** crosses also demonstrated that the MAPK cascade sporophyticly regulates pollen *** study reveals a novel function of rice MAPK cascade in plant male reproductive biology.

关键词： degradation MAPK cascade pollen fertility rice tapetum

Effect of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles on bioactivity,composition,structure,in vitro and in vivo behavior of PEO coatings on Mg-alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2360-2379页

作者： D.V.Mashtalyar I.M.Imshinetskiy V.V.Kashepa K.V.Nadaraia M.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova K.A.Fomenko A.Yu.Ustinov S.L.Sinebryukhov S.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University Vladivostok690950Russia Regional Clinical Dermatovenerological dispensary Vladivostok690033Russia

The present study investigates the physical and chemical characteristics,behavior in vitro and in vivo,and biocompatibility of coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5),which are obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)on MA8 magnesium *** obtained coatings demonstrate in vivo biocompatibility and in vitro *** to the base PEO coating,the layers containing Ta_(2)O_(5)facilitate the development of apatite in simulated body fluid,suggesting that the inclusion of nanoparticles improves bioactivity of the *** was found that incorporation of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles increases roughness and porosity of the formed layers by increasing particle concentration in electrolytes for the PEO process contributing to sufficient soft tissue ingrowth in *** on in vivo studies,these coatings also provide favorable tissue response and minimal inflammatory reaction in comparison with the bare magnesium alloy due to protection of living tissues from deleterious corrosion events of magnesium implant such as local alkalization and intense hydrogen *** results obtained in the present study concluded biocompatibility,tissue integration of the PEO coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles making them a promising protective layer for biodegradable magnesium implants.

关键词： Plasma electrolytic oxidation Bioactive coatings Tantalum pentoxide Simulated body fluid(SBF) Apatite formation Histology

Insufficient TRPM5 Mediates Lipotoxicity-induced Pancreaticβ-cell Dysfunction

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Current Medical Science 2024年第2期44卷 346-354页

作者： Kai-yuan WANG Shi-mei WU Zheng-jian YAO Yun-xia ZHU Xiao HAN Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Objective:While the reduction of transient receptor potential channel subfamily M member 5(TRPM5)has been reported in islet cells from type 2 diabetic(T2D)mouse models,its role in lipotoxicity-induced pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction remains *** study aims to study its ***:Pancreas slices were prepared from mice subjected to a high-fat-diet(HFD)at different time points,and TRPM5 expression in the pancreaticβcells was examined using immunofluorescence ***-stimulated insulin secretion(GSIS)defects caused by lipotoxicity were mimicked by saturated fatty acid palmitate(Palm).Primary mouse islets and mouse insulinoma MIN6 cells were treated with Palm,and the TRPM5 expression was detected using qRT-PCR and Western ***-induced GSIS defects were measured following siRNA-based Trpm5 *** detrimental effects of Palm on primary mouse islets were also assessed after overexpressing Trpm5 via an adenovirus-derived Trpm5(Ad-Trpm5).Results:HFD feeding decreased the mRNA levels and protein expression of TRPM5 in mouse pancreatic *** reduced TRPM5 protein expression in a time-and dose-dependent manner in MIN6 *** also inhibited TRPM5 expression in primary mouse *** of Trpm5 inhibited insulin secretion upon high glucose stimulation but had little effect on insulin *** of Trpm5 reversed Palm-induced GSIS defects and the production of functional maturation molecules unique toβ***:Our findings suggest that lipotoxicity inhibits TRPM5 expression in pancreaticβcells both in vivo and in vitro and,in turn,drivesβ-cell dysfunction.

关键词： type 2 diabetes β-cell dysfunction lipotoxicity TRPM5

Establishment and transcriptome analysis of single blastomerederived cell lines from zebrafish

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第9期51卷 957-969页

作者： Jia Xu Siqi Liu Yirui Ai Yunbin Zhang Shifeng Li Yiping Li Key laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular AndrologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Maintaining chromosome euploidy in zebrafish embryonic cells is challenging because of the degradation of genomic integrity during cell *** this study,we report the derivation of zebrafish cell lines from single *** cell lines have a stable chromosome status attributed to BMP4 and exhibit continuous proliferation in *** zebrafish cell lines are successfully established from single ***-cell transcriptome sequencing analysis confirms the fidelity of gene expression profiles throughout long-term culturing of at least 45 *** long-term cultured cells are specialized into epithelial cells,exhibiting similar expression patterns validated by integrative transcriptomic ***,this work provides a protocol for establishing zebrafish cell lines from single blastomeres,which can serve as valuable tools for in vitro investigations of epithelial cell dynamics in terms of lifeedeath balance and cell fate determination during normal homeostasis.

关键词： Zebrafish Single embryo Cell lines Sngle-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-Seq) Embryonic epidermis Epithelium

Consequences of early life stress on the structure and function of the adult mouse retina

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 150-151页

作者： Juan S.Calanni Ruth E.Rosenstein laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology Department of Human BiochemistrySchool of Medicine/CEFyBOUniversity of Buenos Aires/CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina

Early-life stress(ELS)refers to a period of environmental/social deprivation,physica l,sexual or emotional abuse,neglect,severe and/or chronic trauma in the prenatal/early postnatal stage,which is closely related to many adverse psychiatric disorders later in life,such as depressive disorder,substance abuse,dysthymia,panic,anxiety,and suicidal behavior in adulthood(Waters and Gould,2022).

关键词： stress life Gould

Effect of dietary supplement of inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum Ep-M 17 on growth performance,immune response,disease resistance,and intestinal microbiota in Penaeus vannamei

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 676-694页

作者： Ting WU Xiaoman HU Wenlong XU Yang DU Jiong CHEN State Key laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China laboratory of biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Key laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

Our previous study found that feeding with Lactobacillus plantarum Ep-M17 could effectively affect the growth performance,immune response,and gut microbiota of Penaeus ***,high temperature and pressure during feed pelletizing is the main problem that can lead to a decrease in the activity of probiotics or cause their *** investigation needs to investigate whether inactivated Ep-M17 can exert similar effects as live ***,we evaluated the effects of inactivated *** Ep-M17 on growth performance,immune response,disease resistance,and gut microbiota in *** show that adding inactivated Ep-M17 to the feed also promoted body weight gain and increased relative immune protection in ***,histological examination revealed that the administration of inactivated Ep-M17 led to improvements in the density and distribution of microvilli in the intestines and enhancements in the abundance of B and R cells in the ***,the inactivated Ep-M17 supplementation resulted in increased activity levels of nutrient immune-related enzymes in both the shrimp hepatopancreas and ***,it stimulated the expression of Lvlec,PEN-3a,Crustin,LGBP,Lysozyme,and proPo genes in both the hepatopancreas and ***,the inactivated Ep-M17 also increased bacterial diversity in the gut of shrimp and promoted the abundance of specific flora,facilitating the host organism’s metabolism and immunity to improve the disease resistance of ***,supplementation of inactivated *** Ep-M17 in shrimp diets can exert similar effects as live *** Ep-M17 effectively improving growth performance,gut microbiota,immune response,and disease resistance in ***.

关键词： Penaeus vannamei Lactobacillus plantarum Ep-M17 inactivated probiotics immune response gut flora

Potassium alleviated high nitrogen-induced apple growth inhibition by regulating photosynthetic nitrogen allocation and enhancing nitrogen utilization capacity

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 1-14页

作者： Xinxiang Xu Guangyuan Liu Jingquan Liu Mengxue Lyu Fen Wang Yue Xing Hao Meng Min Li Yu Jiang Ge Tian Zhanling Zhu Yuanmao Jiang Shunfeng Ge State Key laboratory of Crop Biology College of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong 271018China Key laboratory of biochemistry and Molecular Biology in Universities of Shandong College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringWeifang UniversityWeifangShandong 261061China

There is a close relationship between potassium(K)and nitrogen(N).However,the roles of K under high N conditions remain *** a hydroponics approach,we monitored the morphological,physiological,and molecular changes in M9T337 apple(Malus domestica)rootstocks under different nitrate(10 and 30 mmol·L^(-1)NO_(3)^(-))and K supply(0.5,6,10,and 20 mmol·L_(-1)K^(+))*** revealed that high nitrate inhibited the root growth of M9T337 rootstocks,downregulated the expressions of K transporter genes(MdPT5,MdHKT1,and MdATK1),and reduced the net NO3-and K+influx at the surface of roots,thereby resulting in an N/K imbalance in *** investigation showed that 10 mmol·L^(-1)K increased the activity of N metabolic enzymes(NR,GS,NiR,and GOGAT),upregulated the expressions of genes related to nitrate uptake and transport(MdNRT1.1,MdNRT1.2,MdNRT1.5,and MdNRT2.4),promoted15N transport from the roots to the shoots,optimized leaf N distribution,and improved photosynthetic N utilization efficiency under high nitrate *** results suggest that the negative effects of high nitrate may be related to the N/K imbalance and that reducing N/K in plants by increasing K supply level can effectively alleviate the inhibition of N assimilation by high nitrate stress.

关键词： Apple rootstock K level High nitrate stress N metabolism ^(15)N