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Evaluation of increasing service life of epoxy zinc-rich coating on 3 wt.%Ni-advanced low-alloy steel in marine atmospheric environment

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Journal of iron and steel Research International 2022年第4期29卷 698-706页

作者： Sheng-rong Wang Jian-wei Yang Jian-ping Cao Shan Jiang Fei-fan Xu Shougang Research Institute of technology of Shougang Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100043China beijing key laboratory of green recyclable process for iron&steel production technology Beijing 100043China

The addition of Ni element into steel to prolong the service life of coated steel was investigated in marine atmospheric environment by laboratory simulated accelerated *** scanning electron microscope and electron probe microanalysis combined with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to characterize coated steel properties and examined the anti-corrosion *** results showed that 3 wt.%Ni-advanced steel(3Ni steel)substrate obviously delayed the failure time of coating compared to carbon steel,therefore prolonging the service life of coating on the steel.X-ray diffraction patterns for the corrosion products under the scratched coating on 3Ni steel exhibited that FeNi_(2)O_(4) and Fe_(2)O_(3) occurred in the corrosion product of 3Ni *** was also found that Ni element enriched in the product layer through analyzing the appearance and composition of corrosion products by electron probe *** ions were blocked out of product by the enrichment of Ni element in rust layer.

关键词： 3wt.% Ni-advanced low-alloy steel Coating failure Service life Corrosion product Marine atmosphere

Growth mechanism for zinc coatings deposited by vacuum thermal evaporation

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Journal of iron and steel Research International 2021年第8期28卷 1047-1053页

作者： Xiao-pan Qiu Xin Liu She-ming Jiang Guang-rui Jiang Qi-fu Zhang National Engineering laboratory of Advanced Coating technology for Metals Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing 100081China beijing key laboratory of green recyclable process for iron and steel production technology Shougang Group Co.Ltd.Research Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100043China

The vacuum thermal evaporation technique was used to simultaneously deposit zinc coatings onto interstitial free steel plates and single-crystal silicon wafers in a high vacuum *** effect of substrate temperature on the mor-phology and crystal orientation of zinc coatings was *** the substrate temperature was 25 and 50℃,the zinc crystallites were plate-like and grew under a particular angle to the substrate *** the substrate was heated to 100℃,the zinc crystallites were regular hexagonal and arranged almost parallel to the substrate *** addition,observation of pure zinc coatings with different thicknesses showed that the growth of zinc coating was mainly in the Volmer-Weber *** the process parameters were appropriate,the zinc coating was composed of closely arranged columnar crystallites,and the crystallites grew preferentially along[0001]direction.

关键词： Vacuum thermal evaporation Zinc coating Deposition temperature Growth mechanism

Effect of soft reduction process on segregation of a 400 mm thick high-alloy steel slab

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Journal of iron and steel Research International 2021年第3期28卷 272-278页

作者： Ren-sheng Chu Zhan-jun Li Jin-gang Liu Yong Fan Yang Liu Chang-wen Ma Research Institute of technology Shougang Group Co.Ltd.Beijing100043China beijing Engineering Research Center of Energy steel Beijing100043China beijing key laboratory of green recyclable process for iron and steel production technology Beijing100043China Institute of iron and steel technology TU Bergakademie FreibergFreiberg09599SachsenGermany

During the solidification of high-alloy steel(0.4C–1.5Mn–2Cr–0.35Mo–1.5Ni),the high temperature gradient of solidified shell as well as the columnar crystal development would contribute to the centre segregation and cracking due to the high carbon and alloy *** effect of soft reduction process on the segregation of a 400 mm thick high-alloy steel slab was *** trials in a steel mill were performed combining with segregation *** inner quality of the high-alloy steel slab produced through the optimised soft reduction procedures and had a significant improvement in centre *** reduction amount is increased from 20%of solid phase fraction,to avoid the segregation due to the long liquid core,and the reduction rate is deceased from 1.35 to 0.88 mm/m as *** operation would contribute to the symmetrical distribution of solute element and decrease the segregation to avoid the *** obvious improvement in centre segregation to mainly 1.0 class of high-alloy slab after procedure optimization was *** quality improvement of slab would ensure the quality of downstream forging.

关键词： Continuous casting Soft reduction High-alloy steel Segregation Cracking

Establishment and industrial practice of high-temperature process evaluation system in sintering

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Journal of iron and steel Research International 2018年第9期25卷 910-922页

作者： Yuan-dong Pei Sheng-li Wu Xiao-jing Shao Zhi-xing Zhao Gang An Ze-jun Ma Wei-dong Zhang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083 China Shougang Research Institute of technology Beijing 100043China beijing key laboratory of green recyclable process for iron and steel production technology Beijing 100043 China Shougang Jingtang Integrated iron and steel Co. Ltd.Tangshan 063200 Hebei China

The behaviors of typical iron ores at high temperature were observed by confocal scanning laser microscopy. Four critical temperature points and liquid flow velocity at high temperatures of iron ores were obtained and the temperature points contain temperature at which sample starts to shrink, temperature at which the initial liquid phase forms, temperature at which a lot of liquid forms and temperature at which liquid consolidation ends. Under the same CaO to Fe203 ratio, the liquid phase fluidity of iron ore fines of Carajas （IOC） is good. However, under the same basicity, as the content of SiO2 in IOC is low, the liquid phase fluidity of IOC is much smaller than that of Yandi fine. After analysis of the initial formation and development of the liquid phase and the final consolidation process, the high-temperature process evaluation system （HTPES for short） of iron ore was established. The idea of ＂dense ore matching fusible ore＂ instead of ＂relatively fusible ore＂ was proposed based on the results of HTPES and applied in ore matching of a sinter plant from Shougang Jingtang. The use of IOC （13-18%） instead of standard sintering fines （SSF） improved liquid phase fluidity and ensured the sinter quality. Furthermore, the use of IOC fine （18-23%） with Hainan fine （0-2%） instead of SSF, a mixture of hematite and Marra Mamba ore and concentrates guaranteed the quality of sinter ore through improving fluidity, in the meantime reducing ore matching costs. With the establishment and application of HTPES, the sinter plant has achieved good economic benefits under the premise of ensuring the quality of sinter ore.

关键词： Sinter iron ore In situ observation Fluidity Evaluation Industrial practice

Coke behavior with H_(2)O in a hydrogen-enriched blast furnace:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 959-976页

作者： Feng Zhou Daosheng Peng Kejiang Li Alberto N.Conejo Haotian Liao Zixin Xiong Dongtao Li Jianliang Zhang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Baosteel Central Research Institute(R&D Center of Wuhan iron&steel Co. Ltd.)Wuhan 430080China Shougang Research Institute of technology Shougang Group Corporation Ltd.Beijing 100043China beijing key laboratory of green recyclable process for iron and steel production technology Beijing 100043China

Hydrogen-enriched blast furnace ironmaking has become an essential route to reduce CO_(2)emissions in the ironmaking ***,hydrogen-enriched reduction produces large amounts of H_(2)O,which places new demands on coke quality in a blast *** a hydrogen-rich blast furnace,the presence of H_(2)O promotes the solution loss *** result improves the reactivity of coke,which is 20%-30%higher in a pure H_(2)O atmosphere than in a pure CO_(2)*** activation energy range is 110-300 kJ/mol between coke and CO_(2)and 80-170 kJ/mol between coke and H_(2)***_(2)and H_(2)O are shown to have different effects on coke degradation *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the effect of H_(2)O on the structure and properties of *** exploring the interactions between H_(2)O and coke,several unresolved issues in the field requiring further research were *** review aims to provide valuable insights into coke behavior in hydrogen-rich environments and promote the further development of hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking processes.

关键词： hydrogen ironmaking coke behavior blast furnace gasification microstructure kinetics

Thermal Hydrolysis Synthesis and Characterization of Monoclinic Metahewettite CaV_6O_(16)·3H_2O

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2014年第3期29卷 433-440页

作者：李兰杰 ZHENG Shili WANG Shaona 杜浩 ZHANG Yi National Engineering laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner production technology Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University Research Center of Vanadium and Titanium technology Chengde Iron and Steel Group Co. LTD Hebei Iron and Steel Group Co. LTD

Monoclinic metabewettite CaV6O16·3H2O has been fabricated via thermal hydrolysis of calcium vanadate （Ca10V6O25）. High purity calcium vanadate precipitate, featuring colnmn structure with surface area of 8.61 m2/g, can be obtained by reacting sodium 0rthovanadate （Na3VO4） with calcium oxide at 90 ℃ for 2 h. By acidification of calcium vanadate in hot water at pH of 1.0-3.0, the monoclinic metabewettite crystals with uniform particle distribution, layered structure and nonporous structure can be fabricated. With the well crystallized layered structure, CaV6O16·3H2O may be a potential cathode material for secondary batteries as well as super capacitor materials.

关键词： vanadium hewettite synthesis and characterization electrochemical application

The application of molecular simulation in ash chemistry of coal

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第11期28卷 2723-2732页

作者： Xin Dai Jin Bai Ping Yuan Shiyu Du Dongtao Li XiaodongWen Wen Li beijing key laboratory of green recyclable process for iron&steel production technology Beijing 100043China Shougang Group Research Institute of technology Beijing 100043China State key laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesTaiyuan 030001China Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua UniversityTaiyuan 030032China Engineering laboratory of Specialty Fibers and Nuclear Materials Institute ofMaterial TechnologiesNingbo Institute ofMaterials Technology&EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315000China

One of the crucial issues in modern ash chemistry is the realization of efficient and clean coal ***,large-scale coal gasification technology is well known as the foundation to improve the atom *** practice,the coal ash fusibility is a critical factor to determine steady operation standards of the gasifier,which is also the significant criterion to coal species selection for *** coal behaviors are resultant from various evolutions in different scales,the multi-scale understanding of the ash chemistry is of significance to guide the fusibility adjustment for coal *** important roles of molecular simulation in exploring ash chemistry,this paper reviews the recent studies and developments on modeling of molecular systems for fusibility related ash chemistry for the first *** discussions are emphasized on those performed by quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics,the two major simulation methods for microscopic systems,which may provide various insights into fusibility *** review article is expected to present comprehensive information for recent molecular simulations of coal chemistry so that new clues to find strategies controlling the ash fusion behavior can be obtained.

关键词： Coal ash Fusibility Molecular simulation Quantum mechanics Ash fusion temperature Viscosity

Industrial application prospects and key issues of the pure-hydrogen reduction process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第10期29卷 1922-1931页

作者： Lei Wang Peimin Guo Lingbing Kong Pei Zhao State key laboratory of Advance steel process and Products Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing 100081China Cisri Sunward technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China

The industrial application prospect and key issues in basic theory and application are discussed by the methods of theoretical analysis and calculation to promote the development of the pure-hydrogen reduction *** to the discussion of thermodynamics and kinetics of pure-hydrogen reduction reaction,the reduction reaction of iron oxide by pure hydrogen is an endothermic reaction,and the reaction rate of hydrogen reduction is significantly faster than that of carbon *** explore the feasibility of the industrial applications of pure-hydrogen reduction,we design the hydrogen reduction reactor and process with reference to the industrialized hydrogen-rich reduction process and put forward the methods of appropriately increasing the reduction temperature,pressure,and temperature of iron ore into the furnace to accelerate the reaction rate and promote the reduction of iron *** key technical parameters in engineering applications,such as hydrogen consumption,circulating gas volume,and heat balance,are discussed by theoretical calculations,and the optimized parameter values are *** process parameters,cost,advantages,and disadvantages of various current hydrogen production methods are compared,and the results show that hydrogen production by natural gas reforming has a good development *** the discussion of the corrosion mechanism of high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen on heat-resistant steel materials and the corrosion mechanism of H_2S in the hydrogen gas on steel,the technical ideas of developing new metal temperature-resistant materials,metal coating materials,and controlling gas composition are put forward to provide guidance for the selection of heater and reactor ***,the key factors affecting the smooth operation of the hydrogen reduction process in engineering applications are analyzed,offering a reference for the industrial application of the purehydrogen reduction process.

关键词： pure hydrogen reduction process design engineering application reactor material sulfur and nitrogen balance

A method for recovery of iron,titanium,and vanadium from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第2期25卷 131-144页

作者： Yi-min Zhang Li-na Wang De-sheng Chen Wei-jing Wang Ya-hui Liu Hong-xin Zhao Tao Qi University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Engineering laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner production technology Beijing 100190China key laboratory of green process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

An innovative method for recovering valuable elements from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite is proposed. This method involves two procedures： low-temperature roasting of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite and water leaching of roasting slag. During the roasting process, the reduction of iron oxides to metallic iron, the sodium oxidation of vanadium oxides to water-soluble sodium vanadate, and the smelting separation of metallic iron and slag were accomplished simultaneously. Optimal roasting conditions for iron/slag separation were achieved with a mixture thickness of 42.5 mm, a roasting temperature of 1200°C, a residence time of 2 h, a molar ratio of C/O of 1.7, and a sodium carbonate addition of 70 wt%, as well as with the use of anthracite as a reductant. Under the optimal conditions, 93.67% iron from the raw ore was recovered in the form of iron nugget with 95.44% iron grade. After a water leaching process, 85.61% of the vanadium from the roasting slag was leached, confirming the sodium oxidation of most of the vanadium oxides to water-soluble sodium vanadate during the roasting process. The total recoveries of iron, vanadium, and titanium were 93.67%, 72.68%, and 99.72%, respectively.

关键词： recovery vanadium titanomagnetite direct reduction sodium oxidation smelting separation water leaching