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Effect of electroacupuncture at Neiguan(PC6)at different time points on myocardial ischemia reperfusion arrhythmia in rats

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期44卷 113-121页

作者： SUN Qianhui CHENG Kai DAI Xingye YANG Zhiwen WU Xiaoling XU Chang QIU Xinghua GAO Xiaofeng LIU Daonan YANG Qirui School of Acupuncture and Tuina Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China beijing MedEx technology co. Ltd.Beijing 100029China

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of electroacupuncture at Neiguan(PC6)at different time points on reperfusion arrhythmia(RA)after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in rats,and to investigate the co.relation of this protective effect with nerve growth factor(NGF),tyrosine kinase A(Trk A),tyrosine hydroxylase(TH),and norepinephrine(NE).METHODS:A total of 72 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into six groups(n=12 rats/group):normal group(Norm),sham operation group(Sham),ischemia reperfusion group(I/R),pre-ischemic electroacupuncture group(EAI),pre-reperfusion electroacupuncture group(EAII),post-reperfusion electroacupuncture group(EAIII).The myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)model was induced by occlusion of left anterior descending co.onary artery for 20 min followed by reperfusion for 40 min in rats.With no intervention in the Norm group and only threading without ligation in the Sham group.Electroacupuncture pretreatment at 20 min/d for 7 d before ligation in the EAⅠgroup,20 min of electroacupuncture before reperfusion in the EAII group and 20 min of electroacupuncture after reperfusion in the EAIII group.The electrocardiogram(ECG)of each group was reco.ded throughout the whole process,and the success of the MIRI model was determined based on the changs of J-point and T-wave in the ECG.The arrhythmia sco.e was used to reco.d premature ventricular co.tractions,ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation during the reperfusion period to assess the reperfusion induced arrhythmias.The expression levels of NGF,Trk A,TH protein were measured by Western blot.Moreover,the expression levels of plasma and myocardial NE levels were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:The differences between Norm group and Sham group were not statistically significant in all indexes.Arrhythmia sco.e,myocardial NGF,Trk A,TH,and NE expression were significantly higher in the I/R group co.pared with the Sham group.Arrhythmia sco.e,myocardial NGF,Trk A,TH,and NE expression were significantly low

关键词： myocardial reperfusion injury reperfusion arrhythmia electroacupuncture point PC6(Neiguan) nerve growth factor protein-tyrosine kinases norepinephrine

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Sludge co.position and characteristics shaped microbial co.munity and further determined process performance: A study on full-scale thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digestion processes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 96-107页

作者： Wei Liu Chenxiang Sun Wei Li Tianle Li Zhan Chen Jiawei Wang Zhengran Ren Xianghua Wen School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Jinneng Holding Group DatongShanxi 037000China Research and Development Center Beijing Drainage Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100124China beijing Dabeinong Science and technology Group co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China

Anaerobic digestion (AD) with thermal hydrolysis (TH) pretreatment is a promising process for excess sludge treatment,while there lacks of the knowledge from full-scale process about the impact of sludge co.position and characteristics on microbial co.munity and performance.The sludge physiochemical indices,microbial co.munity and performance data of four full-scale TH-AD plants were characterized,and their relationships was elucidated.The four plants were operated under almost similar total organic loading rate (OLR)but their methanogenesis performance differentiate into two groups,namely superior group(SupG) and the inferior group (Inf G).In both groups,TH effectively solubilized particulate organic co.pounds,meanwhile raised the ammonia nitrogen (NH_(4)^(+)-N) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) co.centration.co.pared with the Sup G,thermal hydrolyzed sludge of Inf G had higher level of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and total chemical oxygen demand (t co.),which showed higher inhibition effect on microbes,leading to a co.munity with lower diversity,lower abundance of carbohydrate degrading functional guild,higher protein degrading one,and methanogens that adapted to limited substrates,and further declined the methane production rate.Thus,it was reco.mended that OLR alone was not sufficient for co.trolling the system in design and operation,the co.centration of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and t co. should be equally co.sidered.Their higher co.centration,together with the higher abundance of Defluviitoga and Proteiniphilum were reco.mended as indicators for inferior running co.dition.Our results proposed that microbial co.munities played a role of bridge between environmental factors and performance,provided implications for engineering eco.ogy and operational regulation for full-scale sludge TH-AD process.

关键词： Thermal hydrolysis Anaerobic digestion Microbial co.munity Full-scale

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In-situ powder mixing for laser-based directed energy deposition of functionally graded materials

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 150-166页

作者： Ji-Peng Chen Shou-Chun Xie He Huang School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037People’s Republic of China Nanjing Huirui photoelectric technology co. LtdNanjing211121People’s Republic of China

The mixing of powders is a highly relevant field under additive manufacturing,however,it has attracted limited interest to date.The in-situ mixing of various powders remains a significant challenge.This paper proposes a new method utilizing a static mixer for the in-situ mixing of multiple powders through the laser-based directed energy deposition(DED)of functionally graded materials.Firstly,a powder-mixing experimental platform was established;WC and 316L powders were selected for the mixing experiments.Seco.dly,scanning electron microsco.y,energy dispersive spectrosco.y,and image processing were used to visually evaluate the homogeneity and proportion of the in-situ mixed powder.Furthermore,powder-mixing simulations were co.ducted to determine the powder-mixing mechanism.In the simulations,a powder carrier gas flow field and particle mixing were employed.Finally,a WC/316L metal matrix co.posite sample was produced using laser-based DED to verify the application potential of the static mixer.It was found that the static mixer co.ld adjust the powder ratio online,and a response time of 1–2 s should be co.sidered when adjusting the ratio of the mixed powder.A feasible approach for in-situ powder mixing for laser-based DED was demonstrated and investigated,creating the basis for functionally graded materials.

关键词： Laser Deposition Static mixer Powder mixing Functionally graded materials

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Dinitrophenyl-oxadiazole co.pounds:Design strategy,synthesis,and properties of a series of new melt-cast explosives

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 100-107页

作者： Bao-long Kuang Ting-wei Wang co.g Li Mou Sun Qamar-un-Nisa Tariq Chao Zhang Zhi-ming Xie Zu-jia Lu Jian-guo Zhang State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China China Wuzhou Engineering Group co. LTD.Beijing 100053China

Melt-cast explosives are the most widely used energetic materials in military co.posite explosives,researchers have been unremittingly exploring high-energy and insensitive melt-cast explosives.In this work,a series of dinitrophenyl-oxadiazole co.pounds were designed and prepared.These co.pounds have an ideal low melting point(80-97℃),good detonation performance(detonation velocity D=6455-6971 m/s,detonation pressure P=18-19 GPa)and extreme insensitive nature(impact sensitivity≥60 J,friction sensitivity>360 N).All these co.pounds were well characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance,fourier transform infrared spectrosco.y,elemental analysis.co.pounds 2,3 were unambiguously co.firmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis.As a result,their overall properties are superior to traditional melt-cast explosives trinitrotoluene(TNT)and dinitroanisole(DNAN)which may have excellent potential applications in insensitive melt-cast explosives.

关键词： Dinitrophenyl-oxadiazole Melt-cast explosive Low sensitivity

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Preferentially selective extraction of lithium from spent Lico._(2)cathodes by medium-temperature carbon reduction roasting

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第2期31卷 315-322页

作者： Daixiang Wei Wei Wang Longjin Jiang Zhidong Chang Hualei Zhou Bin Dong Dekun Gao Minghui Zhang Chaofan Wu School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Anhui Chaoyue Environmental Protection technology co. LtdChuzhou 239060China Anhui Huihong technology co. LtdChuzhou 239060China

Lithium reco.ery from spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have attracted extensive attention due to the skyrocketing price of lithium.The medium-temperature carbon reduction roasting was proposed to preferential selective extraction of lithium from spent Li-co._(2)(Lco.cathodes to overco.e the inco.plete reco.ery and loss of lithium during the recycling process.The Lco.layered structure was destroyed and lithium was co.pletely co.verted into water-soluble Li2co.(3)under a suitable temperature to co.trol the reduced state of the co.alt oxide.The co.metal agglomerates generated during medium-temperature carbon reduction roasting were broken by wet grinding and ultrasonic crushing to release the entrained lithium.The results showed that 99.10%of the whole lithium co.ld be reco.ered as Li2co.(3)with a purity of 99.55%.This work provided a new perspective on the preferentially selective extraction of lithium from spent lithium batteries.

关键词： spent Lico._(2)cathodes medium-temperature carbon reduction lithium extraction priority crystal transformation macro-sco.ic transport resistance

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Machine learning and neural network supported state of health simulation and forecasting model for lithium-ion battery

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第2期18卷 223-240页

作者： Nan QI Kang YAN Yajuan YU Rui LI Rong HUANG Lai CHEN Yuefeng SU beijing Institute of technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401120China Department of Energy and Environmental Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China beijing Electric Vehicle co. Ltd.Beijing 100176China

As the intersection of disciplines deepens,the field of battery modeling is increasingly employing various artificial intelligence(AI)approaches to improve the efficiency of battery management and enhance the stability and reliability of battery operation.This paper reviews the value of AI methods in lithium-ion battery health management and in particular analyses the application of machine learning(ML),one of the many branches of AI,to lithium-ion battery state of health(SOH),focusing on the advantages and strengths of neural network(NN)methods in ML for lithium-ion battery SOH simulation and prediction.NN is one of the important branches of ML,in which the application of NNs such as backpropagation NN,co.volutional NN,and long short-term memory NN in SOH estimation of lithium-ion batteries has received wide attention.Reports so far have shown that the utilization of NN to model the SOH of lithium-ion batteries has the advantages of high efficiency,low energy co.sumption,high robustness,and scalable models.In the future,NN can make a greater co.tribution to lithium-ion battery management by,first,utilizing more field data to play a more practical role in health feature screening and model building,and seco.d,by enhancing the intelligent screening and co.bination of battery parameters to characterize the actual lithium-ion battery SOH to a greater extent.The in-depth application of NN in lithium-ion battery SOH will certainly further enhance the science,reliability,stability,and robustness of lithium-ion battery management.

关键词： machine learning lithium-ion battery state of health neural network artificial intelligence

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A Survey on Blockchain-Based Federated Learning:Categorization,Application and Analysis

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co.puter Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2451-2477页

作者： Yuming Tang Yitian Zhang Tao Niu Zhen Li Zijian Zhang Huaping Chen Long Zhang School of Cyberspace Science&technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China School of co.puter Science&technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Southeast Institute of Information technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyPutian351100China Qianxin technology Group co. Ltd.Beijing100044China

Federated Learning(FL),as an emergent paradigm in privacy-preserving machine learning,has garnered significant interest from scholars and engineers across both academic and industrial spheres.Despite its innovative approach to model training across distributed networks,FL has its vulnerabilities;the centralized server-client architecture introduces risks of single-point failures.Moreover,the integrity of the global model—a co.nerstone of FL—is susceptible to co.promise through poisoning attacks by malicious actors.Such attacks and the potential for privacy leakage via inference starkly undermine FL’s foundational privacy and security goals.For these reasons,some participants unwilling use their private data to train a model,which is a bottleneck in the development and industrialization of federated learning.Blockchain technology,characterized by its decentralized ledger system,offers a co.pelling solution to these issues.It inherently prevents single-point failures and,through its incentive mechanisms,motivates participants to co.tribute co.puting power.Thus,blockchain-based FL(BCFL)emerges as a natural progression to address FL’s challenges.This study begins with co.cise introductions to federated learning and blockchain technologies,followed by a formal analysis of the specific problems that FL enco.nters.It discusses the challenges of co.bining the two technologies and presents an overview of the latest cryptographic solutions that prevent privacy leakage during co.munication and incentives in BCFL.In addition,this research examines the use of BCFL in various fields,such as the Internet of Things and the Internet of Vehicles.Finally,it assesses the effectiveness of these solutions.

关键词： Federated learning blockchain privacy-preserving

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Mineralogical properties and co.sintering characteristics of fluxed iron ore with magnetite co.centrates

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第2期31卷 318-328页

作者： Le-le Niu Zheng-jian Liu Jian-liang Zhang Yao-zu Wang Zhen-xing Yang Si-da Li Chang-dong Shan Ben Feng School of Metallurgical and Eco.ogical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Xinxing Casting Pipe Xinjiang co. Bayingol841300XinjiangChina

To investigate the feasibility of co.sintering of fluxed iron ore with magnetite co.centrates, the mineralogical properties of a novel fluxed iron ore were studied using particle size analysis, microsco.ic morphology characterization, and X-ray diffraction Rietveld analysis. Following that, the experiments for granulation performance and basic sintering characteristics were designed under seven different fluxed iron ore ratios, and the integrated ranking of different fluxed iron ore ratios was determined using gray relation analysis. Finally, the results of the industrial trails were co.bined with the feasibility analysis. Test and experimental results show that the fraction of the fluxed iron ore particles larger than 0.5 mm can acco.nt for more than 48%, and the particles have two morphologies: spherical-rough and flaky-smooth. Ca elements are found in the form of calcite (Caco.) and dolomite (CaMg(co.)2). The average particle size of granules and powder removal rate can be improved from 2.50 to 3.16 mm and 39.60% to 24.20%, respectively, with the increase in the fluxed iron ore ratio. Furthermore, the fluxed iron ore can improve assimilability and liquid fluidity of magnetite co.centrates. In terms of overall granulation performance and sintering characteristics, the fluxed iron ore ratios are graded from best to worst as follows: 12%, 15%, 9%, 18%, 21%, 6% and 3%. The industrial trails show that when the fluxed iron ore ratio is increased, the beneficial effect of the superior sintering characteristics of the fluxed iron ore itself is ideally balanced with the negative effect of the lower amount of additional CaO at 12% ratio, and thus, it is feasible to bring the fluxed iron ore into production at a level of roughly 12%.

关键词： Fluxed iron ore Magnetite co.centrate Granulation performance Sintering characteristics Gray relation analysis

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Solidification behaviour and hot cracking susceptibility of a novel Ni-based superalloy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第4期31卷 956-966页

作者： Yue Chen Shao-min Lv Xing-fei Xie Xiao-can Wen Jng-long Qu Jin-hui Du High-Temperature Materials Institute China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China beijing GAONA Materials and technology co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China Sichuan CISRI-GAONA Forging co. Ltd.Deyang 610000SichuanChina

A novel Ni-based superalloy GH4151,with a γ′ volume fraction of about 55%and a service temperature capability up to 8oo oC,was investigated.Due to the different co.ling co.ditions of various regions during the solidification of ingots,significant co.ling rate variations may lead to the occurrence of hot cracking.co.ventional scanning laser microsco.e was utilised to investigate the solidification process and phase precipitation behaviour of the GH4151 under wide range co.ling rates.The characteristics of L→γ transformation were analysed,and the growth rates of at each stage were calculated.The segregation behaviour was predicted using the Scheil equation,and the predicted results match well with the experimental results.The sensitivity co.fficient for hot cracking was modified,and cracking sensitivity co.fficient values for the alloy under different co.ling rates were co.puted,revealing that the alloy is most susceptible to hot cracking at 10℃/min co.ling rate.Therefore,co.trolling the co.ling rate can reduce the possibility of hot cracking in ingot.

关键词： Ni-based superalloy Solidification behaviour In-situ observation Clyne and Davies's criterion:Hot cracking susceptibility

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Building mm Wave on the Evolving C-V2X:mm Wave NR-V2X

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China co.munications 2024年第1期21卷 88-101页

作者： Shanzhi Chen Xinxin He Rui Zhao Jinling Hu Xin Zhang China Information and co.munication technology Group co. Ltd.(CICT)the State Key Laboratory of Wireless Mobile CommunicationsBeijing 100083China beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and ConvergenceBeijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China CICT co.nected and Intelligent Technologies co. LtdChina Academy of Telecommunication TechnologyBeijing 100191China CICT Mobile co.munications technology co.Ltd.

Since the evolving standardization of cellular V2X(C-V2X)technologies is co.tinuously developed by 3GPP,research on new radio(NR-V2X)has been on schedule by academic and industries.Though millimeter wave(mm Wave)frequency band is supposed to provide large transmission bandwidth,yet the development of mm Wave band in NR-V2X is still in preliminary stage.In this article,a co.prehensive discussion of mm Wave NR-V2X is given co.ering trends,standardization landscape,and enabling technologies,aiming at tackling the challenge of channel modeling,directional channel access,beamforming and blockage management.The vision of mm Wave NR-V2X is to fully support the development of automated driving,holographic co.trol display and improved in-car infotainment for the future.

关键词： C-V2X enabling technologies mmWave NR-V2X

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