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Effects of melatonin implantation on carcass characteristics, meat quality and tissue levels of melatonin and prolactin in Inner Mongolian cashmere goats

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 1081-1088页

作者： Tao Duan Ziyuan Wu Huan Zhang Ying Liu Yan Li Wei Zhang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193People’s Republic of China beijing sunlon livestock development company Beijing 100076People’s Republic of China College of Animal Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310085People’s Republic of China

Background: Implantation of goats with melatonin can induce cashmere growth and significantly increase cashmere production performance. However, the impact of melatonin implantation on the carcass characteristics,meat quality and related hormone levels in muscle and viscera of cashmere goats has not been studied. This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of melatonin implantation of cashmere goats during the nongrowing period on meat quality and related hormone levels in the tissues. It aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the practical application of melatonin in cashmere goat production ***: Melatonin implantation(2 mg/kg live weight) had no influence(P > 0.05) on daily weight gain, carcass weight, dressing percentage, loin muscle area, or the p H, moisture level, crude fat(except for Gluteus muscle) and amino acid content of muscles of cashmere goats. After implantation for 1 month, shear force of Longissimus dorsi and water loss rate of Longissimus dorsi and Biceps femoris of cashmere goats were increased(P 0.05) on the melatonin or prolactin contents of kidney, heart, spleen, liver, Longissimus dorsi, Biceps femoris and Gluteus muscles. Melatonin content of lung tissue was lowered(P < 0.05) and that of prolactin was elevated(P < 0.05) by the melatonin ***: This study has shown little impact of melatonin implantation of cashmere goats on carcass quality. A few meat quality indices i.e., shear force, water loss rate, ∑n-3 PUFA, ∑n-6 PUFA, and crude protein content of Longissimus dorsi;water loss rate, cooking yield and crude protein content of Biceps femoris;ether extract, c

关键词： Carcass characteristics Cashmere goat Meat quality Melatonin

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Variance components and correlations of female fertility traits in Chinese Holstein population

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第4期8卷 833-841页

作者： Aoxing Liu Mogens Sandø Lund Yachun Wang Gang Guo Ganghui Dong Per Madsen Guosheng Su Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction Ministry of Agriculture of China National Engineering Laboratory of Animal BreedingCollege of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193 China Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University 8830 TjeleDenmark. beijing sunlon livestock development Co. Ltd Beijing 100176 China

Background: The objective of the present study was to estimate(co)variance components of female fertility traits in Chinese Holsteins, considering fertility traits in different parities as different traits. Data on 88,647 females with 215,632 records(parities) were collected during 2000 to 2014 from 32 herds in the Sanyuan Lvhe Dairy Cattle Center, beijing, China. The analyzed female fertility traits included interval from calving to first insemination, interval from first to last insemination, days open, conception rate at first insemination, number of inseminations per conception and non-return rates within 56 days after first ***: The descriptive statistics showed that the average fertility of heifers was superior to that of cows. Moreover,the genetic correlations between the performances of a trait in heifers and in cows were all moderate to high but far from one, which suggested that the performances of a trait in heifers and cows should be considered as different but genetically correlated traits in genetic evaluations. On the other hand, genetic correlations between performances of a trait in different parities of cows were greater than 0.87, with only a few exceptions, but variances were not homogeneous across parities for some traits. The estimated heritabilities of female fertility traits were low; all were below 0.049(except for interval from calving to first insemination). Additionally, the heritabilities of the heifer interval traits were lower than those of the corresponding cow interval traits. Moreover, the heritabilities of the interval traits were higher than those of the threshold traits when measuring similar fertility functions. In general, estimated genetic correlations between traits were highly consistent with the biological categories of the female fertility ***: Interval from calving to first insemination, interval from first to last insemination and non-return rates within 56 days after first insemination ar

关键词： Chinese Holsteins Female fertility Genetic correlation Heritability

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Genomic and transcriptomic analyses enable the identification of important genes associated with subcutaneous fat deposition in Holstein cows

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第6期50卷 385-397页

作者： Hailiang Zhang Siyuan Mia Luiz F.Brito Lirong Hu Lei Wang Longgang Ma Qing Xu Gang Guo Ying Yu Yachun Wang Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and ReproductionMinistry of Agriculture of ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Animal BreedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Animal Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Institute of Life Sciences and Bioengineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBejing 100044China beijing sunlon livestock development Co.Ltd Beijing 100176China

Subcutaneous fat deposition has many important roles in dairy cattle,including immunological defense and mechanical *** main objectives of this study are to identify key candidate genes regulating subcutaneous fat deposition in high-producing dairy cows by integrating genomic and transcriptomic datasets.A total of 1654 genotyped Holstein cows are used to perform a genome-wide association study(GWAS)aiming to identify genes associated with subcutaneous fat ***,weighted gene co-expression network analyses(WGCNA)are conducted based on RNA-sequencing data of 34 cows and cow yield deviations of subcutaneous fat ***,differentially expressed(DE)m RNA,lnc RNA,and differentially alternative splicing genes are obtained for 12 Holstein cows with extreme and divergent phenotypes for subcutaneous fat ***-six protein-coding genes are identified as candidate genes regulating subcutaneous fat deposition in Holstein cattle based on *** overlapping genes are identified based on the analyses of DE genes and ***,the candidate genes identified based on GWAS,WGCNA,and analyses of DE genes are significantly enriched for pathways involved in metabolism,oxidative phosphorylation,thermogenesis,fatty acid degradation,and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis *** all findings,the NID2,STARD3,UFC1,DEDD,PPP1R1B,and USP21 genes are considered to be the most important candidate genes influencing subcutaneous fat deposition traits in Holstein *** study provides novel insights into the regulation mechanism underlying fat deposition in high-producing dairy cows,which will be useful when designing management and breeding strategies.

关键词： Bovine Body condition score Subcutaneous adipose GWAS WGCNA RNA-Seq

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Weighted single-step GWAS and RNA sequencing reveals key candidate genes associated with physiological indicators of heat stress in Holstein cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第6期13卷 1714-1726页

作者： Hanpeng Luo Lirong Hu Luiz F.Brito Jinhuan Dou Abdul Sammad Yao Chang Longgang Ma Gang Guo Lin Liu Liwei Zhai Qing Xu Yachun Wang Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and ReproductionMinistry of Agriculture of ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Animal BreedingCollege of Animal Science andTechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityNo.2Yuanmingyuanxi RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100193China Department of Animal Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA College of Animal Science andTechnology Beijing University of AgricultureBeijing 100096China College of Animal Science Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China beijing sunlon livestock development company Limited Beijing 100029China beijing Dairy Cattle Center Beijing 100192China College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

Background: The study of molecular processes regulating heat stress response in dairy cattle is paramount for developing mitigation strategies to improve heat tolerance and animal welfare. Therefore, we aimed to identify quantitative trait loci(QTL) regions associated with three physiological indicators of heat stress response in Holstein cattle, including rectal temperature(RT), respiration rate score(RS), and drooling score(DS). We estimated genetic parameters for all three traits. Subsequently, a weighted single-step genome-wide association study(WssGWAS) was performed based on 3200 genotypes, 151,486 phenotypic records, and 38,101 animals in the pedigree file. The candidate genes located within the identified QTL regions were further investigated through RNA sequencing(RNA-seq) analyses of blood samples for four cows collected in April(non-heat stress group) and four cows collected in July(heat stress group).Results: The heritability estimates for RT, RS, and DS were 0.06, 0.04, and 0.03, respectively. Fourteen, 19, and 20 genomic regions explained 2.94%, 3.74%, and 4.01% of the total additive genetic variance of RT, RS, and DS, respectively. Most of these genomic regions are located in the Bos taurus autosome(BTA) BTA3, BTA6, BTA8, BTA12, BTA14, BTA21, and BTA24. No genomic regions overlapped between the three indicators of heat stress, indicating the polygenic nature of heat tolerance and the complementary mechanisms involved in heat stress response. For the RNA-seq analyses, 2627 genes were significantly upregulated and 369 downregulated in the heat stress group in comparison to the control group. When integrating the WssGWAS, RNA-seq results, and existing literature, the key candidate genes associated with physiological indicators of heat stress in Holstein cattle are: PMAIP1, SBK1, TMEM33, GATB, CHORDC1, RTN4IP1, and ***: Physiological indicators of heat stress are heritable and can be improved through direct selection. Fifty-three QTL regions

关键词： Climatic resilience Dairy cattle QTL mapping RNA sequencing WssGWAS

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developmental changes in intercellular junctions and Kv channels in the intestine of piglets during the suckling and post-weaning periods

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第2期7卷 228-237页

作者： Jing Wang Liming Zeng Bie Tan Guangran Li Bo Huang Xia Xiong Fengna Li Xiangfeng Kong Gang Liu Yulong Yin Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy livestock and Poultry Production Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunan 410125China University of the ChineseAcademy of Sciences Beijing 10008China. Science College of Jiangxi Agricultural University NanchangJiangxi 330045China. Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center of Animal Production SafetyChangshaHunan 410000China.

Background： The intestinal epithelium is an important barrier that depends on a complex mixture of proteins and these proteins comprise different intercellular junctions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the postnatal and developmental changes in morphology, intercellular junctions and voltage-gated potassium（Kv） channels in the intestine of piglets during the suckling and post-weaning ***： Samples of the small intestine were obtained from 1-, 7-, 14-, and 21-d-old suckling piglets and piglets on d 1, 3, 5, and 7 after weaning at 14 d of age. The results showed that the percentage of proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA）-positive cells and alkaline phosphatase（AKP） activity, as well as the abundances of E-cadherin,occludin, and Kv1.5 m RNA and claudin-1, claudin-3, and occludin protein in the jejunum were increased from d 1to d 21 during the suckling period（P 〈 0.05）. Weaning induced decreases in the percentage of PCNA-positive cells,AKP activity and the abundances of E-cadherin, occludin and zonula occludens（ZO）-1 m RNA or protein in the jejunum on d 1, 3 and 5 post-weaning（P 〈 0.05）. There were lower abundances of E-cadherin, occludin and ZO-1m RNA as well as claudin-1, claudin-3 and ZO-1 protein in the jejunum of weanling piglets than in 21-d-old suckling piglets（P 〈 0.05）. The abundances of E-cadherin, occludin, ZO-1 and integrin m RNA were positively related to the percentage of PCNA-positive ***： Weaning at 14 d of age induced damage to the intestinal morphology and barrier. While there was an adaptive restoration on d 7 post-weaning, the measured values did not return to the pre-weaning levels, which reflected the impairment of intercellular junctions and Kv channels.

关键词： Intercellular junctions Kv channels Small intestine Piglets Weaning

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Glutamine,glutamate,and aspartate differently modulate energy homeostasis of small intestine under normal or low energy status in piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 216-226页

作者： Jing Wang Nan Wang Ming Qi Jianjun Li Bie Tan College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128HunanChina Animal Nutrition and Human Health Laboratory Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and RegulationSchool of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081HunanChina Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical RegionNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10008China

Weaning stress may cause reduced energy intake for maintenance of mucosal ***,Glu,and Asp are major energy sources for the small *** study investigated whether Gln,Glu,and Asp improve the intestinal morphology via regulating the energy metabolism in weaning piglets.A total of 198 weaned piglets were assigned to 3 treatments:Control(Basal diet+1.59%L-Ala);T1(Basal diet+1%L-Gln+0.5%L-Glu+0.1%L-Asp);T2(Low energy diet+1%L-Gln+0.5%L-Glu+0.1%L-Asp).Jejunum and ileum were obtained on d 5 or 21 post-weaning.T1 enhanced growth performance.T1 and T2 treatments improved small intestinal morphology by increasing villus height,goblet cell number and decreasing crypt *** post-weaning affected the efficacy of T2,but not T1,on energy *** normal energy supplementation,Gln,Glu,and Asp restored small intestinal energy homeostasis via replenishing the Krebs'cycle and down-regulating the AMPK(adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase)*** these are not sufficient to maintain the intestinal energy-balance of piglets fed with a low energy diet on d 5 post-weaning,the AMPK,glycolysis,beta-oxidation,and mitochondrial biogenesis are activated to meet the high energy demand of *** data indicated that Gln,Glu,and Asp could restore the energy homeostasis of intestinal mucosa of weaning piglets under normal energy *** energy feeding may increase the susceptibility of piglets to stress,which may decrease the efficacy of Gln,Glu,and Asp on the restoration of energy *** findings provide new information on nutritional intervention for insufficient energy intake in weaning piglets.

关键词： Glutamine Glutamate Aspartate Small intestine Energy metabolism

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