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Dynamic emission characteristics and control strategies of air pollutants from motor vehicles in downtown beijing,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 637-646页

作者： Yan Shen Tongran Wu Aiping Lian Jie Gao Fei Peng Guohua Song Xuefang Wu Yangyang Cui Xinyu Liu Yunfei Wan Jing Yan Yifeng Xue National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental ProtectionBeijing 100037China beijing municipal Ecology and Environment bureau Beijing 100048China beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100091China

This study combined the real-time monitoring and investigation of traffic flows to comprehensively analyze the road traffic flow and vehicle structure in downtown beijing.A dynamic emission inventory of motor vehicle air pollutants in downtown beijing in 2021 was established,and the impact of these emissions on air quality was simulated and quantified,and different emission reduction control scenarios were proposed to evaluate their environmental improvement effects and explore measures to mitigate the impact of pollution *** results show that the high traffic flow and the structure of the motor vehicle emissions in downtown beijing are the main causes of severe motor vehicle *** data shows that traffic flow in central beijing is dominated by small passenger vehicles,while the vehicle mix is better than in other regions,with 72.0%of vehicles meeting"National V"or higher emission ***,to achieve higher air quality goals,further reducing vehicle emissions is *** on dynamic traffic flow,the average daily emissions of nitrogen oxides(NOX),particulate matters(PM_(2.5))and volatile organic compounds(VOC)from motor vehicles in central beijing are 17.7 tons,0.6 tons and 14.0 tons,respectively,accounting for 23.0%of the city’s average daily motor vehicle *** a zero-emission zone for motor vehicles were implemented in central beijing,the annual average emission level of pollutants will be reduced by 10.4%to 21.0%.The designation of ultra-low emission zones for motor vehicles could be effective in improving the air quality in the center of beijing.

关键词： Motor vehicle Air pollutant Emission characteristics Control strategy beijing

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Evaluating CMIP6 models in simulating the North Pacific decadal variability in sea surface salinity

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2661-2680页

作者： Jian CHEN Hailong LIU Pengfei LIN Wenrong BAI Chengzu BAI Lu WANG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering Xi’an 710054China beijing municipal Climate Center Beijing Meteorological BureauBeijing 100089China Space System Department Equipment Department Beijing 100096China

The North Pacific sea surface salinity(SSS)decadal variability(NPSDV)and its potential forcing were evaluated from 25 coupled models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6(CMIP6)considering the prospects for decadal climate *** results indicated that the CMIP6 models generally reproduced the spatial patterns of *** large standard deviation of the SSS anomaly over the strong current regions,such as the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension(KOE),North Pacific Current(NPC),California Current System(CCS),and Alaskan Coastal Current(ACC),is reflected in the two leading modes of NPSDV:a dipole with out-of-phase loadings in the KOE-NPC versus CCS-ACC and a monopole with positive loading over the *** order of modes is sensitive to individual models that exhibit discrepancies,especially in temporal phases and power *** autoregressive model of order-1 was used to reconstruct the NPSDV with several forcing *** generally weaker influence of forcings in an autoregressive model of order-1 is partly related to the overestimated response time of NPSDV relative to *** NPSDV variances originate from the persistence of SSS anomalies,but the dominant forcing factors are diverse among *** model diversity for the NPSDV simulation mainly arises from the influence of the tropical El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation through teleconnection on the North Pacific Oscillation or Aleutian Low with timescale ***,models that can reproduce the NPSDV well are not dependent on those with larger impacts from the North Pacific oceanic processes.

关键词： North Pacific Sea surface salinity Decadal variability CMIP6 Leading mode

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Stochastic Flexibility Evaluation for Virtual Power Plants by Aggregating Distributed Energy Resources

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 988-999页

作者： Siyuan Wang Wenchuan Wu Qizhan Chen Junjie Yu Peng Wang Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Zhongshan Power Supply bureau of the Guangdong Power Grid Corporation Zhongshan 528400China beijing Qingda Gaoke System Control Company Beijing 102208China CSEE IEEE

To manage a large amount of flexible distributed energy resources(DERs)in the distribution networks,the virtual power plant(VPP)is introduced into the *** VPP can optimally dispatch these resources in a cluster manner and provide flexibility for the power system operation as a *** existing studies formulate the equivalent power flexibility of the aggregating DERs as deterministic optimization models without considering their *** this paper,we introduce the stochastic power flexibility range(PFR)and timecoupling flexibility(TCF)to describe the power flexibility of *** this model,both operational constraints and the randomness of the DERs’output are incorporated,and a combined model and data-driven solution is proposed to obtain the stochastic PFR,TCF,and cost function of *** aggregating model can be easily incorporated into the optimization model for the power system operator or market bidding,considering ***,a numerical test is *** results show that the proposed model not only has higher computational efficiency than the scenario-based methods but also achieves more economic benefits.

关键词： Chance constrained optimization combined model and data-driven stochastic power flexibility virtual power plant

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Geochemical and Isotopic Techniques Constraints on the Origin,Evolution,and Residence Time of Low-enthalpy Geothermal Water in Western Wugongshan,SE China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第3期98卷 801-818页

作者： WANG Luyao LIU Kai MA Yan ZHANG Yaoyao TONG Jue JIA Wuhui ZHANG Shouchuan SUN Junliang Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037China School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geoscience(Beijing)Beijing 100083China The Fourth Geological Brigade of Jiangxi Geological bureau PingxiangJiangxi 337000China

Geothermal resources are increasingly gaining attention as a competitive,clean energy source to address the energy crisis and mitigate climate *** Wugongshan area,situated in the southeast coast geothermal belt of China,is a typical geothermal anomaly and contains abundant medium-and low-temperature geothermal *** study employed hydrogeochemical and isotopic techniques to explore the cyclic evolution of geothermal water in the western Wugongshan region,encompassing the recharge origin,water-rock interaction mechanisms,and residence *** results show that the geothermal water in the western region of Wugongshan is weakly alkaline,with low enthalpy and mineralization *** hydrochemistry of geothermal waters is dominated by Na-HCO_(3)and Na-SO_(4),while the hydrochemistry types of cold springs are all Na-HCO_(3).The hydrochemistry types of surface waters and rain waters are NaHCO_(3)or Ca-HCO_(3).The δD and δ^(18)O values reveal that the geothermal waters are recharged by atmospheric precipitation at an altitude between 550.0 and 1218.6 *** ratios of maj or solutes and isotopic compositions of^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr underscore the significant role of silicate weathering,dissolution,and cation exchange in controlling geothermal water ***,geothermal waters experienced varying degrees of mixing with cold water during their ***δ^(13)C values suggest that the primary sources of carbon in the geothermal waters were biogenic and ***δ^(34)S value suggests that the sulfates in geothermal water originate from sulfide minerals in the surrounding *** dating using 3H and^(14)C isotopes suggests that geothermal waters have a residence time exceeding 1 kaBP and undergo a long-distance cycling process.

关键词： geothermal water hydrochemistry isotope residence time Wugongshan area

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Regional Climate Damage Quantification and Its Impacts on Future Emission Pathways Using the RICE Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1843-1852页

作者： Shili YANG Wenjie DONG Jieming CHOU Yong ZHANG Weixing ZHAO beijing Meteorological Observation Centre Beijing Meteorological BureauBeijing 100089China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai 519082China beijing Normal University Beijing 100101China CMA Institute for Development and Programme Design Beijing 100081China

This study quantified the regional damages resulting from temperature and sea level changes using the Regional Integrated of Climate and Economy(RICE)model,as well as the effects of enabling and disabling the climate impact module on future emission *** highlight varied damages depending on regional economic development and ***,China and Africa could suffer the most serious comprehensive damages caused by temperature change and sea level rise,followed by India,other developing Asian countries(OthAsia),and other high-income countries(OHI).The comprehensive damage fractions for China and Africa are projected to be 15.1%and 12.5%of gross domestic product(GDP)in 2195,with corresponding cumulative damages of 124.0 trillion and 87.3 trillion United States dollars(USD)from 2005 to 2195,***,the comprehensive damage fractions in Japan,Eurasia,and Russia are smaller and projected to be lower than 5.6%of GDP in 2195,with cumulative damages of 6.8 trillion,4.2 trillion,and 3.3 trillion USD,***,coastal regions like Africa,the European Union(EU),and OHI show comparable damages for sea level rise and temperature *** China,however,sea level-induced damages are projected to exceed those from temperature ***,this study indicates that switching the damage modules on or off affects the regional and global emission trajectories,but the magnitude is relatively *** 2195,global emissions under the experiments with all of the damage modules switched off,only the sea level damage module switched on,and only the temperature damage module switched on,were 3.5%,2.3%and 1.2%higher than those with all of the damage modules switched on,respectively.

关键词： climate damage integrated assessment model carbon emissions sea level rise temperature change

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Linearized waveform inversion for vertical transversely isotropic elastic media:Methodology and multi-parameter crosstalk analysis

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 252-271页

作者： Ke Chen Lu Liu Li-Nan Xu Fei Hu Yuan Yang Jia-Hui Zuo Le-Le Zhang Yang Zhao National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering Unconventional Petroleum Research InstituteChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China Aramco beijing Research Center Aramco AsiaBeijing100102China University of Lausanne LausanneCH-1015Switzerland bureau of Geophysical Prospecting China National Petroleum CorporationZhuozhou 072750HebeiChina

Seismic migration and inversion are closely related techniques to portray subsurface images and identify hydrocarbon *** migration aims at obtaining structural images of subsurface geologic *** specifically,seismic migration estimates the reflectivity function(stacked average reflectivity or pre-stack angle-dependent reflectivity)from seismic reflection *** the other hand,seismic inversion quantitatively estimates the intrinsic rock properties of subsurface *** seismic inversion methods are applicable to detect hydrocarbon reservoirs that may exhibit lateral variations in the inverted *** there exist many differences,pre-stack seismic migration is similar with the first iteration of the general linearized seismic ***,seismic migration and inversion techniques assume an acoustic or isotropic elastic *** reservoirs such as shale and tight sand formation have notable anisotropic *** present a linearized waveform inversion(LWI)scheme for weakly anisotropic elastic media with vertical transversely isotropic(VTI)*** is based on two-way anisotropic elastic wave equation and simultaneously inverts for the localized perturbations(ΔVp_(0)/Vp_(0)/Vs_(0)/Vs_(0)/,Δ∈,Δδ)from the long-wavelength reference *** proposed VTI-elastic LWI is an iterative method that requires a forward and an adjoint operator acting on vectors in each *** derive the forward Born approximation operator by perturbation theory and adjoint operator via adjoint-state *** inversion has improved the quality of the images and reduces the multi-parameter crosstalk comparing with the adjoint-based *** have observed that the multi-parameter crosstalk problem is more prominent in the inversion images for Thomsen anisotropy ***,the Thomsen parameter is the most difficult to *** also analyze the multi-parameter crosstalk using scattering radiation patte

关键词： Elastic Anisotropy Least-squares imaging Waveform inversion Computational geophysics

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Study of interfacial transition zones between magnesium phosphate cement and Portland cement concrete pavement

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第3期11卷 523-537页

作者： Fei Liu Baofeng Pan Changjun Zhou Ge Li Xiaocun Wang Jiaquan Li Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Tongren City Transportation bureau Tongren 554300China beijing Civil Aviation Design and Research Institute of China Design Group Beijing 101318China

The Portland cement concrete pavement(PCCP)often suffers from different environmental distresses and vehicle load failure,resulting in slab corner fractures,potholes,and other *** repair has become one of the effective ways to open traffic *** this study,a novel type of rapid repair material,basalt fiber reinforced polymer modified magnesium phosphate cement(BFPMPC),is used to rapidly repair ***,the mechanical properties and characteristics of the repair interfaces which are named interfacial transition zones(ITZs)formed by BFPMPC and cement concrete are focused on as a decisive factor for the performance of the rapid *** changing trend of the elastic moduli was studied by nanoindentation experiments in the ITZs with the deconvolution analysis that the elastic moduli of certain kinds of substances can be *** experimental results show that the elastic modulus of ITZ-1 with a width of about20μm can be regarded as 0.098 times of the aggregate,and 0.51 times of the ordinary Portland cement(OPC)*** BFPMPC-OPC mortar ITZ has roughly the same mechanical properties as the ITZ between aggregate and BFPMPC.A multi-scale representative two-dimensional model was established by random aggregate and a two-dimensional extended finite element method(XFEM)to study the mechanical properties of the repair *** simulation results show that the ITZ formed by the interface of BFPMPC and OPC mortar and basalt aggregate is the most vulnerable to failure,which is consistent with the nano-indentation experimental results.

关键词： Portland cement concrete pavement Interfacial transition zone Magnesium phosphate cement Repair interface Nanoindentation Mechanical properties and characteristics

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In-situ Horizontal Extrusion Test of Herbaceous Root-Soil with Different Root Types

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 918-928页

作者： Fangcui Liu Shengwen Qi Shenglin Qi Xiaokun Hou Yanrong Li Guangming Luo Lei Xue Xueliang Wang Juanjuan Sun Songfeng Guo Bowen Zheng Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Innovation Academy for Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences CAS-HECIslamabad 45320Pakistan Government Affairs Service Center of beijing municipal Water Affairs bureau Beijing 100073China Department of Earth Sciences and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

The influence of different types of roots on the soil is complex and still remains *** in-situ extrusion tests were conducted on two types of root systems,namely fibrous and tap root system,for three plants,Eleusine indica,Potentilla anserine,and Artemisia argyi,according to the classification in Botany,and the thrust-displacement curves and failure patterns of different samples were analysed by comparison to fill the aforementioned *** reveal that the roots can reduce the characteristics of soil brittleness and enhance its capability to resist large deformation,and different root types contribute different effects to the strain-hardening behavior of the root-soil *** contribution of the fibrous root system to strength is limited,whilst the tap root system substantially enhances strength and *** of failure patterns show that fibrous and tap root systems affect soil solidification and surface cracking ***,the effect of the tap root system depends on the composition of lateral and tap roots:long and rich lateral roots are effective for resisting the creation of cracks,but thick tap roots with few and thin lateral roots may lead to several surface cracks.

关键词： root types fibrous root tap root in-situ horizontal extrusion test root-soil cracks slope protection.

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A wave-shaped electrode flexible sensor capable of sensitively responding to wrinkle excitation for a multifunctional human-computer interaction system

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4454-4461页

作者： Yongyang Chen Zhiyi Wu Chengcheng Han Zhi Cao Yiran Hu Ping Zhao Yuanyu Wang College of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuizhou 550025China beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China Geological Brigade 105 Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou ProvinceGuiyang 550018China

Human-machine interactions(HMIs)have advanced rapidly in recent decades in the fields of healthcare,work,and ***,people with disabilities and other mobility problems do not have corresponding high-tech aids for them to enjoy the convenience of *** this paper,we propose a sensor with a wave-shaped(corrugated)electrode embedded in a friction layer,which exhibits high sensitivity to skin fold excitation and enormous potential in *** to the wave-shaped electrode design,it has no built-in cavities,and its small size allows it to flexibly cope with folds at different *** specifying the carbon nanotube hybrid silicone film as the electrode layer material and silicone film as the friction layer,good electrical output performance,tensile properties,and biocompatibility can be ***,the sensor is tested on various joints and skin folds of the human body,the output signals of which can be distinguished between normal physiological behavior and test *** on this sensor,we designed a medical alarm system,a robotic arm assistive system,and a cell phone application control system for the disabled to help them in the fields of healthcare,work,and *** conclusion,our research presents a feasible technology to enhance HMIs and makes a valuable contribution to the development of high-tech aids for the disabled.

关键词： flexible sensors multifunctionality wrinkle excitation triboelectric nanogenerator human-machine interaction

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Analysis on characteristics of extreme precipitation indices and atmospheric circulation in Northern Shanxi

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第2期16卷 84-97页

作者： Xia Cai Yan Song Lin Cai Xin Su GuiHua Liang YanMing Xu Shuozhou Meteorological bureau of Shanxi Province ShuozhouShanxi 036002China China Meteorological Administration Training Center Beijing 100081China Heze University of Shandong Province HezeShandong 274000China Huafeng Meteorological Media Group Beijing 100081China Shuocheng Meteorological bureau ShuozhouShanxi 036002China

This article utilizes daily precipitation data from 28 national meteorological stations in northern Shanxi Province spanning from 1972 to 2020,and the US NCEP/NCAR monthly average reanalysis and ERA5 monthly average reanalysis *** study employs techniques such as empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition,MannKendall mutation and other methods to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of extreme precipitation index in northern Shanxi and their correlation with atmospheric *** research results show that:the absolute index,relative index,intensity index and sustained dry period index(CDD)in the continuous index appear from southwest to *** spatial distribution characteristics of the central region decrease,while the continuous wet period(CWD)decreases from the central to the east and *** three indices Rx1day,Rx5day,and CWD mutated in 1978,1975,and 1983 respectively,and other extreme precipitation indices all appeared in a sudden change from a low-value period to a high-value period occurred around *** the high-value years of the summer extreme precipitation index,there is a significant negative anomaly in the height field in the mid-high latitude regions of *** Shanxi is controlled by a broad low-pressure trough in the Lake Baikal *** vapor transported via the east,west,and south routes converges in the northern Shanxi region and encounters cold air from the *** is a strong upward motion anomaly at 500 hPa in the troposphere,and the dynamic conditions of upper-level divergence and lower-level convergence lead to more summer extreme precipitation in the northern Shanxi ***,in the low-value years of the summer extreme precipitation index,northern Shanxi is affected by a strong high-pressure ridge north of Lake *** is a downward motion anomaly at 500 hPa,and the northern Shanxi region lacks water *** cold and warm air cannot converge,and both the water vapor conditions

关键词： Northern Shanxi Extreme precipitation indices Spatio-temporal distribution and evolution Mutations Atmospheric circulation anomaly

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