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An efficient quantum proactive incremental learning algorithm

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 49-57页

作者： Lingxiao Li Jing Li Yanqi Song Sujuan Qin Qiaoyan Wen Fei Gao State Key laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Cyberspace security Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

In scenarios where a large amount of data needs to be learned, incremental learning can make full use of old knowledge, significantly reduce the computational cost of the overall learning process, and maintain high performance. In this paper, taking the MaxCut problem as our example, we introduce the idea of incremental learning into quantum computing, and propose a Quantum Proactive Incremental Learning algorithm(QPIL). Instead of a one-off training of quantum circuit, QPIL contains a multi-phase training on gradually-increased subgraphs of all vertices, proactively reducing large-scale problems to smaller ones to solve in steps, providing an efficient solution for MaxCut. Specifically, some vertices and corresponding edges are randomly selected for training to obtain optimized parameters of the quantum circuit at first. Then, in each incremental phase, the remaining vertices and corresponding edges are gradually added and the parameters obtained from the previous phase are reused in the parameter initialization of the current phase. We perform experiments on 120 different small-scale graphs, and it shows that QPIL performs superior to prevalent quantum and classical baselines in terms of approximation ratio(AR), time cost, anti-forgetting, and solving stability. In particular, QPIL's AR surpasses 20% of mainstream quantum baselines, and the time cost is less than 1/5 of them. The idea of QPIL is expected to inspire efficient and high-quality solutions in large-scale Max Cut and other combinatorial optimization problems.

关键词： variational quantum algorithm incremental learning multi-phase training MaxCut quantum computing

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SensFL:Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated Learning with Sensitive Regularization

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 385-404页

作者： Chongzhen Zhang Zhichen Liu Xiangrui Xu Fuqiang Hu Jiao Dai Baigen Cai Wei Wang School of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China Shuohuang Railway Development Co. Ltd.National Energy GroupCangzhou062350China beijing Key laboratory of security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation School of Computer Science and TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

In the realm of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems,effective multi-party collaboration is crucial due to concerns over privacy and data *** Federated Learning(VFL)has emerged as a promising approach to facilitate such collaboration,allowing diverse entities to collectively enhance machine learning models without the need to share sensitive training ***,existing works have highlighted VFL’s susceptibility to privacy inference attacks,where an honest but curious server could potentially reconstruct a client’s raw data from embeddings uploaded by the *** vulnerability poses a significant threat to VFL-based intelligent railway transportation *** this paper,we introduce SensFL,a novel privacy-enhancing method to against privacy inference attacks in ***,SensFL integrates regularization of the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data into the model training process,effectively limiting the information contained in shared *** reducing the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data,SensFL can effectively resist reverse privacy attacks and prevent the reconstruction of the original data from the *** experiments were conducted on four distinct datasets and three different models to demonstrate the efficacy of *** results show that SensFL can effectively mitigate privacy inference attacks while maintaining the accuracy of the primary learning *** results underscore SensFL’s potential to advance privacy protection technologies within VFL-based intelligent railway systems,addressing critical security concerns in collaborative learning environments.

关键词： Vertical federated learning privacy defenses

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Secure beamforming and deployment design for rate-splitting multiple access-based UAV communications

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 342-356页

作者： Bing WANG Xiaofeng TAO Shujun HAN Huici WU Kai YANG Zhu HAN National Engineering Research Center of Mobile Network Technologies Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Peng Cheng laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston

Rate-splitting multiple access(RSMA) has recently gained attention as a potential robust multiple access(MA)scheme for upcoming wireless networks. Given its ability to efficiently utilize wireless resources and design interference management strategies, it can be applied to unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) networks to provide convenient services for large-scale access ground users. However, due to the line-of-sight(LoS) broadcast nature of UAV transmission, information is susceptible to eavesdropping in RSMA-based UAV networks. Moreover, the superposition of signals at the receiver in such networks becomes complicated. To cope with the challenge, we propose a two-user multi-input single-output(MISO) RSMA-based UAV secure transmission framework in downlink communication networks. In a passive eavesdropping scenario, our goal is to maximize the sum secrecy rate by optimizing the transmit beamforming and deployment location of the UAV-base station(UAV-BS),while considering quality-of-service(QoS) constraints, maximum transmit power, and flight space limitations. To address the non-convexity of the proposed problem, the optimization problem is first decoupled into two subproblems. Then, the successive convex approximation(SCA) method is employed to solve each subproblem using different propositions. In addition, an alternating optimization(AO)-based location RSMA(L-RSMA) beamforming algorithm is developed to implement joint optimization to obtain the suboptimal solution. Numerical results demonstrate that(1) the proposed L-RSMA scheme yields a28.97% higher sum secrecy rate than the baseline L-space division multiple access(SDMA) scheme;(2) the proposed L-RSMA scheme improves the security performance by 42.61% compared to the L-non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA) scheme.

关键词： rate-splitting multiple access UAV communication precoding optimization deployment location physical layer security

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Chemical additives affect sulfate reducing bacteria biofilm properties adsorbed on stainless steel 316L surface in circulating cooling water system

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第2期11卷 143-156页

作者： Yu Qi Jin Li Rui Liang Sitong Ji Jianxiang Li Meng Liu Research Center for Aqueous Organic Pollutants Control and water Quality security Beijing Key Laboratory Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China

This paper studied the biofilm properties and corrosion behavior of sulfate reducing bacteria （SRB） on stainless steel 316L （SS316L） surface in circulating cooling water system with and without additives including hydroxy ethyl fork phosphonic acid （HEDP）, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl anunonium chlotide （1227） and NaClO. Biochemical technique, electrochemical technology, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） were used. The results show that the extracellular polymeric substance （EPS） in biofilm attached on the SS316L surface mainly contain proteins and polysaccharides, the contents are 98 ***-2 and ***-2, respectively. The polysaccharides were cut by 1227 about 80%, while 55% by NaCIO. The proteins were reduced by NaCIO about 53%, while only 30% by 1227. The potentiodynamic polarization shows that the corrosion potential of SS316L was enhanced from -0.495 V to -0.390 V by the chemical additive delaying the occurrence of the corrosion. And the corrosion rate was also reduced from 5.19 × 10^-3 mm·a^-1 to 2.42 × 10^-3 mm＇a . But NaCIO stdl caused pitting corrosion after stenhzmg the bacteria, while 1227 can form a protective film on the surface of SS316L. Though HEDP contribute to the bacteria activity, it can enhance the breakdown potential. XPS results confirmed that 1227 can change the value of C：O in the biofilm attached on metal surface, and NaCIO can eliminate the existence of amidogen. This study would provide some recommendations for the selection of chemical additives in the thermal power plant.

关键词： Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB)Chemical additivesBiofilmExtracellular polymeric substance (EPS)Microbe conosion

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Analysis of load and adaptability of disc cutters during shield tunneling in soft-hard varied strata

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第4期17卷 533-545页

作者： Fengwei YANG Weilin SU Yi YANG Zhiguo CAO Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd.Zhengzhou 450003China Key laboratory of water Management and water security for Yellow River Basin Ministry of Water ResourcesZhengzhou 450003China Key laboratory of Urban Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

The disc cutters of shield machines exhibit unsatisfactory adaptability and performance during the soft–hard varied strata tunneling *** analyze the rotation state,cutting performance,and adaptability of disc cutters during shield tunneling in soft–hard varied strata,the Holmquist Johnson Cook and Federal Highway Administration constitutive models are introduced to numerically simulate the failure process of materials on the excavation face and to calculate the load of disc ***,the parameters of the models are modified based on laboratory disc cutter excavation test *** results of numerical calculation can reflect the load level and the behavior of the disc cutters during *** tangential loads of the disc cutters during the cutting of four typical soft-strata excavation face models are numerically calculated,thus providing reference values for the starting torque of the disc cutters.A greater penetration is suggested for soft-strata tunneling to allow the disc cutters to rotate smoothly and continuously as well as to guarantee a better cutting *** disc cutters in the center of the cutterhead should be specified with a lower starting torque to prevent uneven wear,rotation stagnation,cutterhead clogging,and other adverse phenomena.

关键词： shield tunneling disc cutter load laboratory excavation test numerical calculation soft-hard varied strata

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Seismic performance of fabricated continuous girder bridge with grouting sleeve-prestressed tendon composite connections

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第6期17卷 827-854页

作者： Jin WANG Weibing XU Xiuli DU Yanjiang CHEN Mengjia DING Rong FANG Guang YANG School of water resources and Hydropower Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China beijing Key laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Retrofit Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China Key laboratory of Urban security and Disaster Engineering of China Ministry of Education Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

The seismic performance of a fully fabricated bridge is a key factor limiting its *** this study,a fiber element model of a fabricated concrete pier with grouting sleeve-prestressed tendon composite connections was built and verified.A numerical analysis of three types of continuous girder bridges was conducted with different piers:a cast-in-place reinforced concrete pier,a grouting sleeve-fabricated pier,and a grouting sleeve-prestressed tendon composite fabricated ***,the seismic performance of the composite fabricated pier was *** results show that the OpenSees fiber element model can successfully simulate the hysteresis behavior and failure mode of the grouted sleeve-fabricated *** traditional non-near-fault ground motions,the pier top displacements of the grouting sleeve-fabricated pier and the composite fabricated pier were less than those of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete *** composite fabricated pier had a good self-centering *** addition,the plastic hinge zones of the grouting sleeve-fabricated pier and the composite fabricated pier shifted to the joint seam and upper edge of the grouting sleeve,*** composite fabricated pier with optimal design parameters has good seismic performance and can be applied in high-intensity seismic areas;however,the influence of pile-soil interaction on its seismic performance should not be ignored.

关键词： seismic performance continuous girder bridge grouting sleeve-prestressed tendon composite connections grouted sleeve connection design parameters

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A Full-Scale Optimization of a Crop Spatial Planting Structure and its Associated Effects

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Engineering 2023年第9期28卷 139-152页

作者： Qi Liu Jun Niu Taisheng Du Shaozhong Kang Center for Agricultural water Research in China China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China State Key laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural water resources Beijing 100083China National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province Wuwei 733000China Key laboratory of Agricultural water Saving of the Ministry of water resources Beijing 100083China

Driven by the concept of agricultural sustainable development,crop planting structure optimization(CPSO)has become an effective measure to reduce regional crop water demand,ensure food security,and protect the ***,traditional optimization of crop planting structures often ignores the impact on regional food supply–demand relations and interprovincial food ***,using a system analysis concept and taking virtual water output as the connecting point,this study proposes a theoretical CPSO framework based on a multi-aspect and full-scale evaluation index *** this end,a water footprint(WF)simulation module denoted as soil and water assessment tool–water footprint(SWAT-WF)is constructed to simulate the amount and components of regional crop WFs.A multi-objective spatial CPSO model with the objectives of maximizing the regional economic water productivity(EWP),minimizing the blue water dependency(BWFrate),and minimizing the grey water footprint(GWFgrey)is established to achieve an optimal planting *** various benefits,a fullscale evaluation index system based on region,province,and country scales is *** an entropy weight technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)comprehensive evaluation model,the optimal plan is selected from a variety of CPSO *** proposed framework is then verified through a case study of the upper–middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin in Gansu province,*** combining the theory of virtual water trading with system analysis,the optimal planting structure is *** sacrificing reasonable regional economic benefits,the optimization of the planting structure significantly improves the regional water resource benefits and ecological benefits at different scales.

关键词： Planting structure optimization Full-scale evaluation index system water footprint SWAT-WF module Interprovincial food trade Entropy weight TOPSIS

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Curricular Robust Reinforcement Learning via GAN-Based Perturbation Through Continuously Scheduled Task Sequence

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2023年第1期28卷 27-38页

作者： Yike Li Yunzhe Tian Endong Tong Wenjia Niu Yingxiao Xiang Tong Chen Yalun Wu Jiqiang Liu beijing Key laboratory of security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

Reinforcement learning(RL),one of three branches of machine learning,aims for autonomous learning and is now greatly driving the artificial intelligence development,especially in autonomous distributed systems,such as cooperative Boston Dynamics ***,robust RL has been a challenging problem of reliable aspects due to the gap between laboratory simulation and real *** efforts have been made to approach this problem,such as performing random environmental perturbations in the learning ***,one cannot guarantee to train with a positive perturbation as bad ones might bring failures to *** this work,we treat robust RL as a multi-task RL problem,and propose a curricular robust RL *** first present a generative adversarial network(GAN)based task generation model to iteratively output new tasks at the appropriate level of difficulty for the current ***,with these progressive tasks,we can realize curricular learning and finally obtain a robust *** experiments in multiple environments demonstrate that our method improves the training stability and is robust to differences in training/test conditions.

关键词： robust reinforcement learning generative adversarial network(GAN)based model curricular learning

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Hybritus:a password strength checker by ensemble learning from the query feedbacks of websites

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2020年第3期14卷 189-202页

作者： Yongzhong HE Endalew Elsabeth ALEM Wei WANG beijing Key laboratory of security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

Password authentication is vulnerable to dictionary *** strength measurement helps users to choose hard-to-guess passwords and enhance the security of systems based on password *** there are many password strength metrics and tools,none of them produces an objective measurement with inconsistent policies and different *** this work,we analyzed the password policies and checkers of top 100 popular websites that are selected from Alexa *** checkers are inconsistent and thus they may label the same password as different strength labels,because each checker is sensitive to its configuration,e.g.,the algorithm used and the training *** are empowered to exploit the above vulnerabilities to crack the protected systems more *** such,single metrics or local training data are not enough to build a robust and secure password *** on these observations,we proposed Hybritus that integrates different websites'strategies and views into a global and robust model of the attackers with multiple layer perceptron(MLP)neural *** data set is comprised of more than 3.3 million passwords taken from the leaked,transformed and randomly generated *** data set were sent to 10 website checkers to get the feedbacks on the strength of passwords labeled as strong,medium and *** we used the features of passwords generated by term frequency-inverse document frequency to train and test *** experimental results show that the accuracy of passwords strength checking can be as high as 97.7%and over 94%even if it was trained with only ten thousand *** study shows that Hybritus is usable as well as secure.

关键词： password password strength,password checker,neural networks

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Polybenzimidazolium-reinforced polyimide separators to inhibit dendrites for high-security lithium-ion batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Guohua Sun Jiaqi Cui Qingsong Zhang Yisong Zhou Xinluo Li Yingying Zhang Zhanao Zhang Xin Zhang Jiantao Fan Pengpeng Li Lianlong Hou Nanjun Chen Hebei Key laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and Technology State Key laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and Technology State Key laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University

Lithium dendrite formation poses a significant safety hazard in lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）, severely impeding their widespread adoption and further technological advancements. Here, we present a novel quaternized polybenzimidazolium（q-PBI） to armor polyimide（PI） nanofiber separator（q-PBI@PI）, in which the q-PBI containing lithiophilicity and anionphilicity sites serves as the multifunctional nano-layers to suppress the Li dendrite and reinforce the mechanical properties of PI nanofiber ***, the q-PBI@PI separator displays an unprecedented mechanical strength of 82.8 MPa, significantly outperforming previously reported PI nanofiber membranes（typically below 50.0 MPa）. Besides, we demonstrate that the q-PBI@PI separator simultaneously possesses low nucleation overpotential（59 mV） and exceptional average coulombic efficiency due to the suppression of Li dendrite. Importantly, q-PBI@PI-based Li||Li battery enables a stable Li plating-stripping at 1.0 m A cm-2for600 h. Attributing to these exceptional merits, the armored PI separator-based LIBs display remarkable specific capability and capacity retention. The density function theory calculations reveal that q-PBI is conducive to the desolvation of Li+and can immobilize Li+and PF6-ions near affinity sites of PI nanofibers for inhibiting the formation of Li dendrites. Our work paves a new avenue for the design of next-generation high-performing separators in LIBs.

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