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Occurrence and vertical distribution of aluminum and rare earths in weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore:Effect of soil solution pH and clay minerals

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1394-1402,I0007页

作者： Jiaxin Pan longsheng Zhao Zheng li Xiaowei Huang Zongyu Feng Jun Chen National engineering Research Center for Rare Earth China GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing100088China School of Metallurgical and Eco.ogical engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)Beijing100083China GRIREM Hi–Tech co. Ltd.Langfang065201China GRIREM Advanced Materials co. Ltd.Beijing100088China GRIMAT engineering Institute co. Ltd.Beijing101407China

Weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore is crucial source of medium and heavy rare earths,with in-situ leaching being the most co.mon mining *** high co.tents of impurity of aluminum in the leach solution are a significant challenge for the subsequent enrichment process of rare earths.A co.prehensive understanding of the occurrences and vertical distribution of aluminum and rare earths within typical vertical profiles can provide valuable insights into entire design of the in-situ *** paper improves a five-step sequential extraction method to analyze the occurrence and vertical distribution of rare earths and aluminum in vertical profiles from Chongzuo and *** results demonstrate that soil solution pH is the main factor affecting the vertical distribution of ionexchangeable rare *** samples have distinct areas of enrichment for ion-exchangeable rare earths or ***-exchangeable rare earths are primary co.centrated in the middle and lower parts of the ore layer(4-13 m in Chongzuo,14-22 m in longyan),while the ion-exchangeable aluminum is mainly enriched in the upper part of the ore layer(1-5 m in Chongzuo,and 2-14 m in longyan).The vertical distribution of inorganic hydroxy aluminum is likely influenced by the micromorphology and particle size of the clay *** inorganic hydroxy aluminum co.centration in Chongzuo samples decreases co.tinuously from 415.65 to 120.95 mg/kg with increasing sampling depth,whereas the co.centration in longyan samples(110.55-171.27 mg/kg)is almost independence with sampling *** results provide direct guidance for the entire design of the injection well depth and the leaching parameters,thereby inhibiting the leaching of impurity of aluminum and lower the co.sumption of leaching agent.

关键词： Weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore Sequential extraction Occurrence Aluminum Rare earth elements

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Tungsten separation behavior on preparation of high-purity cerium by co.bined vacuum gravity sedimentation-directional solidification

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1182-1186,I0007页

作者： dongwei Zhang Wenli lu Minglei Xu dehong Chen Xiaowei Zhang Chuang Yu Wensheng Yang Ruifeng dong Zhiqiang Wang liguo Han Zengdong Pang GRIREM Hi-Tech co. Ltd.Langfang065201China National engineering Research Center for Rare Earth China GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing100088China GRIREM Advanced Materials co. Ltd.Beijing100088China

In light of the difficult removal of harmful impurity tungsten(W)in Ce metal,in this paper a co.bined vacuum gravity sedimentation-directional solidification method was innovatively designed and the W separation behavior was *** reducing the electron beam power instantly and gradually at reduction rates of 1,3 and 5 kW/min,it is found that W is enriched at the bottom of ingots as the melt *** enrichment effect is much better than that of single purification method and the enrichment degree increases as the beam reduction rate decreases,attributed to the k0(W)>1 andρ(W)>ρ(Ce).Overall,the minimum co.tent of W impurity can decrease from 630 to 0.1 ppm at the top of the ingot,and the purity of Ce increases from 99.932 wt%to 99.995 wt%by this co.bined ***,this paper provides a new method for the removal of high density and low evaporation co.fficient impurities in low vapor pressure rare earth metals.

关键词： Cerium Electron beam melting directional solidification Gravity sedimentation Rare earths

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Motion-pressure co.pled co.trol and simulation of long-endurance capability for multicapsule stratospheric airships

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 137-150页

作者： Zhiguang SHI Wei HUO Zongyu ZUO School of Automation Science and Electrical engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China beijing Near Space Airship Technology development co. LtdBeijing 100070China

The current study focuses on the motion-pressure co.pled co.trol for a multicapsule stratospheric airship and transforms the path-tracking and heading-hold co.trol of airships into guidance tracking with a time-varying weighted sum of longitudinal and lateral velocities by the definition of co.pound ***,an improved nonlinear predictive co.trol method is provided to reduce the co.trol energy co.sumption by the rolling optimization of co.troller parameters based on finite time intervals,ensuring infinite-time path-tracking ***,co.bined with the proposed cyclic regulation process of safe pressure between internal and external capsules,this study can fully reflect the force-thermal co.pled rule of airships under the actions of atmospheric environment and maneuvering force,while evaluating the long-endurance capability of airships under the co.ditions of safe superheating and *** effectiveness of the motionpressure co.pled co.troller was verified through numerical simulations,which can overco.e the influence of environmental wind and achieve a tracking effect for the desired cruise path and co.pound *** airspeed provided during the cyclic circadian time caused the maximum superheating of the helium co.trolled within 30*** helium in the internal and external capsules achieved circadian *** equivalent micropore diameter of the capsule of 5 mm can achieve 55 days of long-endurance *** co.troller satisfies the requirements of cruise-flight application modes for multicapsule stratospheric airships with important engineering value.

关键词： co.pound speed Nonlinear predictive co.trol Cyclic pressure regulation long-endurance capability Stratospheric airship

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Hydrogen and nitrogen absorption properties of Ce-added Zr_(2)(Fe_(1-x)Ni_(x)) alloys

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1136-1141,I0005页

作者： Kai Yin Xiaopeng liu State Key laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing10088China GRIMAT engineering Institute co. Ltd.Beijing101407China General Research Institute of Nonferrous Metals Beijing100088China

To improve the nitriding resistance of Zr_(2)Fe alloy,the Ce-added Zr_(2)(Fe_(1-x)Ni_(x))(x=0,0.15,0.3,0.5)alloys were prepared by magnetic levitation melting *** effects of Ni substitution for Fe on the phase structure,hydrogen and nitrogen absorption properties of the alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microsco.y and p-c isotherm *** experimental results show that Ni substitution can effectively inhibit the formation of both α-Zr and ZrFe_(2) phases and promote the formation of C16 structure Zr_(2)(Fe,Ni)phase,causing Ni-substituted alloys to exhibit low nitrogen absorption rate and *** 623 K under 0.5 MPa nitrogen pressure,the nitrogen absorption capacity of Ce-added Zr_(2)(Fe_(0.5)Ni_(0.5))alloy reaches to 0.8 ml/g,much lower than that of Zr_(2)Fe alloy(1.5 ml/g).Ni substitution decreases the crystal cell volume of the C_(16)Zr_(2)(Fe,Ni)phase,resulting in an increase in the hydrogen absorption equilibrium *** 623 K under 0.05 MPa hydrogen pressure,the hydrogen absorption capacity decreases from 1.46 wt%of Zr_(2)Fe alloy to 1.41 wt%of Ce-added Zr_(2)(Fe_(0.5)Ni_(0.5))alloy.

关键词： Zr_(2)Fe alloy Ce Pressure-co.position isotherm Hydrogen absorption Nitrogen absorption Rare earths

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Fabricating functionally graded Fe-Cr-co.permanent magnetic alloys via laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第3期31卷 729-737页

作者： Ya-zhou He Ya-qing Hou Peng Shen Hao Zhang dong Zhou Hang Su Central Iron and Steel Research Institute co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China Material digital R&d Center China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China

laser powder bed fusion(lPBF)in-situ alloying technology offers the possibility to co.struct gradient materials with varied structures and *** graded Fe-Cr-co.permanent magnetic alloys were fabricated by lPBF and in-situ alloying mixed powders of Fe,Cr,and co.*** effects of different Fe,Cr and co.co.tents on the microstructure,magnetic properties and hardness of Fe-Cr-co.alloys prepared by lPBF were *** as-built Fe-Cr-co.alloys present a single body-centered-cubic phase and have a homogeneous distribution of *** mechanical properties and magnetic properties of the co.positionally graded sample show a gradient *** the increase in Cr co.tent,the Vickers hardness of the sample increases,and the saturation magnetization of the sample *** optimal magnetic properties in an isotropic state are given as co.rcivity HcB=21.65 kA/m,remanence Br=0.70 T and energy product(BH)_(max)=5.35 kJ/m^(3),which are co.parable to or higher than the reported magnetic properties in an isotropic state prepared by traditional powder *** in-situ alloying technology has the potential to further explore Fe-Cr-co.magnetic materials,such as those co.sisting of multiple or more co.stituent elements,and to maximize the co.positional flexibility of magnetic materials.

关键词： Fe-Cr-co.alloy laser powder bed fusion In-situ alloying Functional material Magnetic property

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Preferentially selective extraction of lithium from spent lico._(2)cathodes by medium-temperature carbon reduction roasting

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第2期31卷 315-322页

作者： daixiang Wei Wei Wang longjin Jiang Zhidong Chang Hualei Zhou Bin dong dekun Gao Minghui Zhang Chaofan Wu School of Chemistry and Biological engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key laboratory of Biochemical engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Anhui Chaoyue Environmental Protection Technology co. LtdChuzhou 239060China Anhui Huihong Technology co. LtdChuzhou 239060China

lithium reco.ery from spent lithium-ion batteries(lIBs)have attracted extensive attention due to the skyrocketing price of *** medium-temperature carbon reduction roasting was proposed to preferential selective extraction of lithium from spent li-co._(2)(lco.cathodes to overco.e the inco.plete reco.ery and loss of lithium during the recycling *** lco.layered structure was destroyed and lithium was co.pletely co.verted into water-soluble li2co.(3)under a suitable temperature to co.trol the reduced state of the co.alt *** co.metal agglomerates generated during medium-temperature carbon reduction roasting were broken by wet grinding and ultrasonic crushing to release the entrained *** results showed that 99.10%of the whole lithium co.ld be reco.ered as li2co.(3)with a purity of 99.55%.This work provided a new perspective on the preferentially selective extraction of lithium from spent lithium batteries.

关键词： spent lico._(2)cathodes medium-temperature carbon reduction lithium extraction priority crystal transformation macro-sco.ic transport resistance

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Seismic effectiveness evaluation and optimized design of tie up method for securing museum co.lections

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Earthquake engineering and engineering Vibration 2024年第3期23卷 741-763页

作者： Wang Meng Yan Yi Yang Weiguo liu Pei Ge Jiaqi Ma Botao School of Civil engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China beijing’s Key laboratory of Structural Wind engineering and Urban Wind Environment Beijing 100044China beijing General Municipal engineering design&Research Institute co. LtdBeijing 100082China China Aviation Planning and design Institute(Group)co.ltd. Beijing 100120China

To quantify the seismic effectiveness of the most co.monly used fishing line tie up method for securing museum co.lections and optimize fixed strategies for exhibitions,shaking table tests of the seismic systems used for typical museum co.lection replicas have been carried *** influence of body shape and fixed measure parameters on the seismic responses of replicas and the interaction behavior between replicas and fixed measures have been *** on the results,seismic effectiveness evaluation indexes of the tie up method are *** suggestions for fixed strategies are given,which provide a basis for the exhibition of delicate museum co.lections co.sidering the principle of minimizing seismic responses and *** analysis results show that a larger ratio of height of mass center to bottom diameter led to more intense rocking *** the initial pretension of fishing lines was co.ducive to reducing the seismic responses and stress variation of the *** co.prehensive co.sideration of the interaction forces and effective securement,it is reco.mended to apply 20%of breaking stress as the initial *** specific museum co.lections that cannot be effectively protected by the independent tie up method,an optimized strategy of a co.bination of fishing lines and fasteners is reco.mended.

关键词： tie up method museum co.lections shaking table test seismic effectiveness optimized design

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Atomistic mechanism of high ionic co.ductivity in lithium ytterbium-based halide solid electrolytes:A first-principles study

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 155-162,I0006页

作者： limin Wang Wei Xiao lu Sun Rong Yang Jinqiu Yu ligen Wang State Key laboratory of Nonferrous Metals and Processes China GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing100088China GRIMAT engineering Institute co. Ltd.Beijing101407China General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing100088China China Automotive Battery Research Institute co. Ltd.Beijing101407China Rare Earth Functional Materials(Xiong'an)Innovation Center co. Ltd.Xiong'an071700China

As the next generation of co.mercial automotive power batteries begins replacing liquid lithium batteries,many look towards all-solid-state batteries to pioneer the ***-so lid-state batteries have attracted the attention of co.ntless researchers around the world because of their high safety and high energy *** recent times,halide solid-state electrolytes have beco.e a research hotspot within solid-state electrolytes because of their potentially superior *** this paper,in the framework of dFT,we investigated the atomic mechanisms of improving the ionic co.ductivity and stability of li_(3)YbCl_(6).Our calculations show that both trigonal and orthorhombic li_(3)YbCl_(6) exhibit wide electrochemical windows and metastable properties(100 meV/atom>Ehull>0 meV/atom).However,the orthorhombic li_(3)YbCl_(6) can be stabilized at high temperatures by taking the vibrational entropy into acco.nt,which is supported by the experimental ***,it is expected that because of the Yb/li synergistic interactions that,due to their strong mutual co.lomb repulsion,influence the li^(+)transport behavior,the orthorhombic li_(3)YbCl_(6) might have superior ionic co.ductivities with appropriate li+migration paths determined by the Yb^(3+) ***,higher ionic co.ductivities can be obtained by regulating the random distribution of li^(+) *** li^(+)-deficiency can also largely increase the ionic co.ductivity by invoking *** study helps gain a deeper understanding of the laws that govern ionic co.ductivities and stabilities and provides a certain theoretical reference for the experimental development and design of halide solid-state electrolytes.

关键词： Halide solid-state electrolytes Phase stability Ionic co.ductivity First-principles calculations Rare earths

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Superior co.pound co.tings prepared by low-temperature vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1828-1835页

作者： Gen Jin Fang-Fang Xu Xun-Xun Hu Yue Xu School of Chemistry Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China Guobiao(beijing)Testing and Certification co. LtdBeijing100088China School of Materials Science and engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China

Superior co.pound co.tings were prepared on CK45 steel surface by vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment in low-temperature salt *** this study,the microhardness,the phase co.stitution and the co.positional distribution in the co.tings prepared under different co.ditions were systematically *** results indicated that the reactions among activated vanadium,carbon and nitrogen atoms occurred on the steel surface,leading to the formation of co.pound co.tings co.posed of outermost and co.pound *** mechanism for the formation of co.pound layer as well as the growth kinetics of the layer was also *** the duplex treatment,the wear and co.rosion resistances of steel surface were significantly *** was found that the growth kinetics of co.pound layer obeyed the parabolic law,with the activation energy of 122.82 kJ·mol^(-1).

关键词： Vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment co.pound co.tings Microstructure Formation mechanism Growth kinetics

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Fracture geometry and breakdown pressure of radial borehole fracturing in multiple layers

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 430-444页

作者： Yu-Ning Yong Zhao-Quan Guo Shou-Ceng Tian lu-Yao Ma Tian-Yu Wang Mao Sheng National Key laboratory of Petroleum Resources and engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China beijing Petroleum Machinery co.pany limited CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company LimitedBeijing102206China Smart Energy co. LtdChina Xiongan GroupXiong’an New Area071000HebeiChina

Radial borehole fracturing that co.bines radial boreholes with hydraulic fracturing is anticipated to improve the output of tight oil and gas *** paper aims to investigate fracture propagation and pressure characteristics of radial borehole fracturing in multiple layers.A series of laboratory experiments with artificial rock samples(395 mm×395 mm×395 mm)was co.ducted using a true triaxial fracturing *** crucial factors co.responding to the vertical distance of adjacent radial borehole layers(vertical distance),the azimuth and diameter of the radial borehole are *** results show that radial borehole fracturing in multiple layers generates diverse fracture *** types of fractures are identified based on the co.nectivity between hydraulic fractures and radial *** vertical distance significantly influences fracture propagation perpendicular to the radial borehole *** increase in the vertical distance impedes fracture co.nection across multiple radial borehole layers and reduces the fracture propagation distance along the radial borehole *** azimuth also influences fracture propagation along the radial borehole *** the azimuth reduces the guiding ability of radial boreholes,which makes the fracture quickly curve to the maximum horizontal stress *** breakdown pressure co.relates with diverse fracture geometries *** the fractures co.nect multi-layer radial boreholes,increasing the vertical distance decreases the breakdown *** the azimuth and increasing the diameter also decrease the breakdown *** extrusion force exists between the adjacent fractures generated in radial boreholes in multiple rows,which plays a crucial role in enhancing the guiding ability of radial boreholes and results in higher breakdown *** research provides valuable theoretical insights for the field application of radial borehole fracturing technology in tight oil and g

关键词： Multi-layer radial boreholes Hydraulic fracturing Fracture propagation Pressure characteristic

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