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To be or not to be direct:The role of neuromedin U in neuro-eosinophil crosstalk

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Science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 148-150页

作者： Ruichao Liu Wenhao Shao Jun Xu Coco Chu SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine Taiyuan 030001China Insttute for Immunogy Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of Medicinesinghua UnierstyBejing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030012China Department of Surgery First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityShanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Digestive Diseases and Organ TransplantationTaiyuan 030001China beijing key laboratory for immunological research on chronic diseases Tsinghua UniversityBejing 100084China

With the development of new experimental techniques(e.g.,single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq),light sheet microscopy,and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9),emerging studies have begun to uncover the interactions between the nervous system and the immune system,both in health and diseases.For example,in mucosal tissues such as the lung and the intestine,neurotransmitters including acetylcholine[1]and adrenaline[2]can directly regulate the immune cell functions thus affect the results of allergy,asthma,and anti-pathogen host defense[3].

关键词： intestine lung asthma

ZEB2驱动自身免疫性疾病中年龄相关B细胞的分化

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Science Bulletin 2024年第10期69卷 1362-1364页

作者：刘晓航李翠峰王昱张少存刘万里 State key laboratory of Membrane Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesInstitute for ImmunologyChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein SciencesBeijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesBeijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and Institute of Clinical Immunology Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China

As a novel type of B cell that expands with increasing age,which was first observed in 2011[1,2],age-associated B cells(ABCs)are becoming a hotspot area in the field of immunology.More importantly,ABCs accumulate progressively in chronic inflammatory states such as autoimmunity,chronic infection,and aging,and are closely associated with developing autoimmune diseases[3].

关键词：自身免疫性疾病 becoming ZEB2

Exercise-induced adaptation of neurons in the vertebrate locomotor system

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 160-171页

作者： Yue Dai Yi Cheng Renkai Ge Ke Chen Liming Yang key lab of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education College of Physical Education and Health CareEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai key laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing School of Communication and Electronic EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China School of Physical Education and Health Care East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China key laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies of Ministry of Education School of Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Vertebrate neurons are highly dynamic cells that undergo several alterations in their functioning and physiologies in adaptation to various external stimuli.In particular,how these neurons respond to physical exercise has long been an area of active research.Studies of the vertebrate locomotor system’s adaptability suggest multiple mechanisms are involved in the regulation of neuronal activity and properties during exercise.In this brief review,we highlight recent results and insights from the field with a focus on the following mechanisms:(a)alterations in neuronal excitability during acute exercise;(b)alterations in neuronal excitability after chronic exercise;(c)exercise-induced changes in neuronal membrane properties via modulation of ion channel activity;(d)exercise-enhanced dendritic plasticity;and(e)exercise-induced alterations in neuronal gene expression and protein synthesis.Our hope is to update the community with a cellular and molecular understanding of the recent mechanisms underlying the adaptability of the vertebrate locomotor system in response to both acute and chronic physical exercise.

关键词： Dendritic plasticity Excitability Exercise Ion channel modulation Neuron adaptation

NK cell recognition of hematopoietic cells by SLAM-SAP families

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第5期16卷 452-459页

作者： Shasha Chen Zhongjun Dong Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases100084 BeijingChina

The signaling lymphocyte activation molecule(SLAM)family of receptors(SFRs)are ubiquitously expressed on immune cells,and they regulate multiple immune events by recruiting SH2(Src homology 2)domain-containing SAP family adapters,including SAP and its homologs,Ewing’s sarcoma-associated transcript 2(EAT-2)and EAT-2 related transducer(ERT).In human patients with X-linked lymphoproliferative(XLP)disease,which is caused by SAP mutations,SFRs alternatively bind other inhibitory SH2 domain-containing molecules to suppress immune cell activation and development.NK cells express multiple SFRs and all SAP family adapters.In recent decades,SFRs have been found to be critical for enhancing NK cell activation in response to abnormal hematopoietic cells in SAP-family-intact NK cells;however,SFRs might suppress NK cell activation in SAP-family-deficient mice or patients with XLP1.In this paper,we review how these two distinct SFR signaling pathways orchestrate NK cell activation and inhibition and highlight the importance of SFR regulation of NK cell biology and their physiological status and pathological relevance in patients with XLP1.

关键词： SLAM SAP NK cells immune signaling

Nobel goes to immune checkpoint-Innovative cancer treatment by immunotherapy

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第11期61卷 1445-1450页

作者： Jing Li Chen Dong Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China beijing key lab for immunological research on chronic diseases Beijing 100084China

The 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to both Professors James P.Allison and Tasuku Honjo for their“discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation”.Antibody therapies targeting negative immune receptors,or immune checkpoims,have shown substantial and long-lasting clinical efficacy in many cancer patients and have prolonged their lives.

关键词： cancer immune negative Nobel efficacy

Chemical strategies and biomedical applications of DNA hydrogels

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Fundamental research 2023年第4期3卷 534-536页

作者： Bini Zhou Cuifeng Li Dongsheng Liu Wanli Liu key laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State key laboratory of Membrane Biology School of Life SciencesInstitute for ImmunologyBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China

1.Introduction Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)is a digital polymer that,in addition to being the carrier of genetic information in biological systems,can also act as building blocks for the fabrication of nanostructures.In accordance with the rapid development of DNA synthesis technologies,DNA has also been utilized as a fantastic type of brick for the construction of sophisticated supramolecular materials,especially DNA hydrogels.Due to its favorable biocompatibility and designable responsiveness,there have been emerging efforts to demonstrate the application of DNA hydrogels in biomedicine,with encouraging results.Here,we highlight the recent advances of chemical strategies and biomedical applications of DNA hydrogels.

关键词： hydrogel utilized synthesis

Old and new damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in autoimmune diseases

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2022年第4期2卷 185-197页

作者： Na Kang Xiaohang Liu Kabeer Haneef Wanli Liu School of Life Sciences Institute for ImmunologyMOE Key Laboratory of Protein SciencesBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life Sciences BeijingChina

All organisms living in complex environments have evolved effective mechanisms of dynamic responses to extracellular stimuli.The immune system activates when damaged or injured cells release damage‐associated molecular patterns(DAMPs).In addition to well‐characterized DAMPs such as high‐mobility group box 1 and adenosine triphosphate,studies on new classes of DAMPs have emerged.Here,we review recent reports of a new class of isoprenoid‐derived DAMPs,including farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate,both of which are pivotal metabolic inter-mediates of the mevalonate pathway.We also explore the roles of old and new DAMPs in autoimmune diseases that result from dysregulated inflammation.The findings highlight that understanding the functional mechanisms of DAMPs is important to enrich the DAMP family and decipher their immunoregulatory mechanisms to provide new therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases.

关键词： autoimmune diseases damage‐associated molecular patterns farnesyl pyrophosphate geranylgeranyl diphosphate mevalonate pathway

Identification of a novel cDC2-committed progenitor within mouse common dendritic cell progenitor population

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Protein & Cell 2022年第4期13卷 302-307页

作者： Yujie Tian Xueheng Guo Tao Wu Kuangyu Fei Li Wu Institute for Immunology Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-National Institute of Biological Sciences School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China beijing key laboratory for immunological research on chronic diseases Beijing 100084China National Education Examinations Authority Beijing 100084China

Dear Editor,Dendritic cells(DCs)are the most efficient professional antigen presenting cells that act as sentinels of the immune system and conduct vital functions in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immunities(Wculek et al.,2020).In addition to being critical cellular components in pathogen clearance,DCs are promising targets for improved tumor immunotherapy,vaccine design,and intervention of autoimmune diseases(Nutt and Chopin,2020).DCs can be classified as plasmacytoid DCs(pDCs)and conventional DCs(cDCs)in both mouse and human(Anderson et al.,2018;Nutt and Chopin,2020).

关键词： progenitor committed professional

Targeting Metabolism to Improve CAR-T Cell Immunotherapy

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Clinical Cancer Bulletin 2022年第2期1卷 100-106页

作者： Xinlei HOU Jian WANG School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The transfer of genetically-engineered chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cells has recently become one of the most promising approaches in the treatment of cancer.Like normal T cells,CAR-T cells are dependent on an adequate supply of nutrients and energy to be able to proliferate and mediate anti-tumor responses.However,CAR-T cell proliferation and cytotoxicity are limited by the elevated metabolic demands of actively dividing cancer cells,which deplete nutrients from the tumor microenvironment(TME).Thus,a variety of TME-imposed metabolic“barriers”must be overcome by artificially altering the metabolism of CAR-T cells to increase their clinical performance,especially in solid tumors.In this review,we summarize the metabolic interactions between T cells and the TME,discuss the metabolic reprogramming of T cells,present recent progress in the application of metabolic interventions in CAR-T cell therapy,and finally allude to future directions in this field.

关键词： Tumor Metabolism Intervention CAR-T cells Immunotherapy