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The effect of nitrogen annealing on lithium ion intercalation in nickel-doped lithium trivanadate

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Science Bulletin 2016年第8期61卷 587-593页

作者： Yaguang Liu Cuiping Zhang Chaofeng Liu Huanqiao Song Xihui Nan Guozhong Cao beijing institute of nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Materials and Engineering University of Washington

The communication reports an exploratory experimental study on the effects of nitrogen annealing on lithium ion intercalation in nickel-doped lithium trivana- date cathodic electrodes for lithium ion batteries. It shows good rate performance with discharge capacities of 348.6, 252.6, 191.9 and 96.7 mAh g-1 at 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 5 C, respectively. Nitrogen annealing resulted in the formation of parasitic secondary-phase LiVzO5 and appreciably increased tetravalent vanadium ions compensated with oxygen vacancies, which would enhance the electronic conductivity and lithium ion diffusivity and promote the interface interaction and deintercalation process, and thus lead to the enhanced lithium ion intercalation properties. The possible impacts of the parasitic secondary-phase LiV205 on the lithium ion intercalation performance have also been discussed.

关键词： Nitrogen annealing Nickel-dopedlithium trivanadate Oxygen vacancies Parasiticsecondary phase

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Piezo-phototronic and pyro-phototronic effects to enhance Cu（In, Ga）Se2 thin film solar cells

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Nano Research 2018年第7期11卷 3877-3885页

作者： Laipan Zhu Pei Lin Baodong Chen Longfei wang Libo Chen Ding Li Zhong Lin Wang beijing institute of nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China College of Nanoscience and Technology University of ChineseAcademy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Cu（In, Ga）Se2 （CIGS）-based materials have gained remarkable attention for thin-film photovoltaic applications due to their high absorption coefficient, tunable bandgap, compositional tolerance, outstanding stabilities, and high efficiency. A small increase in the efficiency of CIGS solar cells has huge economic impact and practical importance. As such, we fabricated a flexible CIGS solar cell on a mica substrate and demonstrated the enhanced device performance through the piezo- and pyro-phototronic effects based on a ZnO thin film. The device showed enhanced energy conversion efficiency from 13.48% to 14.23% by decreasing the temperature from 31 to 2℃ at a rate of - 0.6℃·s^-1 via the pyro-phototronic effect, and further enhanced from 14.23% to 14.37% via the piezo-phototronic effect by further applying a static compressive strain. A pyro-electric nanogenerator effect was also found to promote the performance of the CIGS solar cell at the beginning of the cooling process. The manipulated energy band of the CIGS/CdS/ZnO heterojunction under the influence of the inner pyroelectric and piezoelectric potentials is believed to contribute to these phenomena. Applying the piezo- and pyro-phototronic effects simultaneously offers a new opportunity for enhancing the output performance of commercial thin film solar cells.

关键词： CIGS solar cell pyro-phototronic effect piezo-phototronic effect piezopotential pyropotential

Effect of cooperative injection and suction jet on power extraction characteristics of a semi-active flapping airfoil

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2021年第9期37卷 1433-1445,I0003页

作者： Jianyang Zhu Mingkang Zhu Tinghai Cheng institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081China beijing institute of nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101400China

A novel cooperative injection and suction jet was employed in this work to improve the power extraction characteristics of a semi-active flapping airfoil(S-AFA).The combined Taguchi method and numerical simulations was used to optimize the characteristic parameters of the cooperative injection and suction jet that affect the power extraction characteristics of the *** the Reynolds number of 6×10^(4)and the pitching axis location at the center of the ellipse airfoil,the effects of jet position,jet width,jet coefficient as well as phase difference between the cooperative injection and suction jet and the active pitching motion on the power extraction characteristics of the S-AFA are systematically *** is concluded that the power extraction characteristics of the S-AFA can be enhanced by employing cooperative injection and suction *** to the S-AFA without jet,the maximum efficiency is increased 11.06%for the S-AFA with optimized cooperative injection and suction *** flow structure behavior analysis shows that the vortex strength,the low pressure range in the suction surface of the airfoil as well as the pressure value in the pressure surface of the airfoil are increased due to the cooperative injection and suction jet,and it is why the power extraction characteristics of S-AFA can be improved.

关键词： Cooperative injection and suction jet Power extraction efficiency Semi-active flapping airfoil Vortex Pressure

Piezotronics and piezo-phototronics: fundamentals and applications

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National Science Review 2014年第1期1卷 62-90页

作者： ZhongLin Wang Wenzhuo Wu School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology beijing institute of nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences

Technology advancement that can provide new solutions and enable augmented capabilities to complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor(CMOS)-based technology,such as active and adaptive interaction between machine and human/ambient,is highly *** nanodevices and integrated systems exhibit potential in achieving these application *** the gating efect of piezopotential over carrier behaviors in piezoelectric semiconductor materials under externally applied deformation,the piezoelectric and semiconducting properties together with optoelectronic excitation processes can be coupled in these materials for the investigation of novel fundamental physics and the implementation of unprecedented *** is created by the strain-induced ionic polarization in the piezoelectric semiconducting *** deal with the devices fabricated using the piezopotential as a‘gate’voltage to tune/control charge-carrier transport across the metal–semiconductor contact or the p–n ***-phototronics is to use the piezopotential for controlling the carrier generation,transport,separation and/or recombination for improving the performance of optoelectronic *** review intends to provide an overview of the rapid progress in the emerging ields of piezotronics and *** concepts and results presented in this review show promises for implementing novel nano-electromechanical devices and integrating with micro/nano-electromechanical system technology to achieve augmented functionalities to the state-of-the-art CMOS technology that may ind applications in the human–machine interfacing,active lexible/stretchable electronics,sensing,energy harvesting,biomedical diagnosis/therapy,and prosthetics.

关键词： piezotronic efect piezo-phototronic efect piezopotential piezotronics MEMS sensors

A Silicon-Based Positive-Intrinsic-Negative Photodetector Double Linear Array on a Thick Intrinsic Epitaxial Layer

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Chinese Physics Letters 2014年第5期31卷 187-190页

作者：袁立吴灿张兆华任天令 institute of Microelectronics and Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 beijing institute of nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083

To measure small particles in clouds without the optical amplification system, a new type of p-i-n photodetector linear array with 128 diode units altogether is designed and realized. In each die, there are two rows of photodiode line array, and each row has 64 photodiodes. Every photodiode has a size of 100 μm × 100 μm with an individual output, and each of them is isolated by the trenches. The depth of them has the same thickness as that of the epitaxial layer, which is designed to be 30 μm to guarantee sufficient absorption of photons and leave a margin for the diffusion of p-type and n-type region. The detector has been tested with a laser whose wavelength was 650nm and irradiance is 50mW/cm2. The achieved photocurrent is 2μA. Hence, the current responsivity is about 0.4A/W, and the external quantum efficiency is 76.45%. The dark current is less than 600pA. Both of the sufficient absorption of photons and low dark current are achieved by utilizing the thick epitaxial intrinsic layer. Low interference of adjacent photodiodes is also guaranteed by the trenches around the photodiodes. With the obtained performance, the photodetector can be used to measure the diameter of precipitation particles in clouds. Therefore, rainfall can be judged based on the diameter of particles.

关键词： Photons

Selective synthesis of three-dimensional ZnO@Ag/SiO2@Ag nanorod arrays as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates with tunable interior dielectric layer

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第12期28卷 165-169页

作者： Jia-Jia Mu Chang-Yi He Wei-Jie Sun Yue Guan College of Science Beihua UniversityJilin 132013China beijing institute of nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing 100083China

We describe the synthesis of three-dimensional(3D) multilayer ZnO@Ag/SiO2@Ag nanorod arrays by the physico–chemical method. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) performance of the 3D multilayer Zn O@Ag/SiO2@Ag nanorod arrays is studied by varying the thickness of dielectric layer SiO2 and outer-layer noble Ag. The 3D Zn O@Ag/SiO2@Ag nanorod arrays create a huge number of SERS "hot spots" that mainly contribute to the high SERS sensitivity. The great enhancement of SERS results from the electron transfer between ZnO and Ag and different electromagnetic enhancements of Ag nanoparticles(NPs) with different thicknesses. Through the finite-difference time-domain(FDTD) theoretical simulation, the enhancement of SERS signal can be ascribed to a strong electric field enhancement produced in the 3D framework. The simplicity and generality of our method offer great advantages for further understanding the SERS mechanism induced by the surface plasmon resonance(SPR) effect.

关键词： ZnO multilayer composite structure surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) dielectric layer electromagnetic field enhancement

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Recent advances in amino acid-metal coordinated nanomaterials for biomedical applications

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第10期34卷 30-42页

作者： Shaobo Wang Yunchao Zhao Zeyu Zhang Yalong Zhang Linlin Li School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Center on Nanoenergy ResearchGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China beijing institute of nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Metal and amino acid(AA),as two kinds of entities,have been widely involved in biomaterials and ***,the marriage of them has developed new nanoformulations,amino acid-metal coordinated nanomaterials(AMCNs),which show great biomedical application potential in cancer therapy,antibacterial applications,biomedical imaging,*** the respective characteristics of metal and AA with rich biological and chemical properties,AMCNs can not only act as drug carriers with specific tumor targeting ability,but also realize synergistic therapy and imaging-guided *** the design and synthesis of amino acid-metal coordinated nanomaterials have been in-depth investigated,there are few systematic reviews on their biomedical *** this review,we give a comprehensive summary of recent progresses in the design,fabrication,and biomedical applications of *** also propose the future outlooks and challenges in aforementioned *** expect that this review would contribute some inspiration for future research and development for amino acid metal coordinated nanomaterials.

关键词： Amino acids Metal Coordination chemistry Cancer therapy Antibacterial applications Imaging

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Energy dissipation of atomic-scale friction based on one- dimensional Prandtl-Tomlinson model

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Friction 2015年第2期3卷 170-182页

作者： Zi-Jian WANG Tian-Bao MA Yuan-Zhong HU Liang XU Hui WANG State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China beijing institute of nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China

The energy transition and dissipation of atomic-scale friction are investigated using the one-dimensional Prandtl-Tomlinson model.A systematic study of the factors influencing the energy dissipation is conducted,indicating that the energy that accumulated during the stick stage does not always dissipate completely during stick-slip *** adopt the energy-dissipation ratio(EDR)to describe the relationship between the energy dissipated permanently in the system and the conservative reversible energy that can be reintroduced to the driving system after the slip *** EDR can change continuously from 100%to 0,covering the stick-slip,intermediate,and smooth-sliding regimes,depending on various factors such as the stiffness,potential-energy corrugation,damping coefficient,sliding velocity,and the temperature of the *** these,the parameterη,which depends on both the surface potential and the lateral stiffness,is proven in this paper to have the most significant impact on the *** toη-T phase diagrams of the EDR,the smooth-sliding superlubricity and thermolubricity are found to be unified with regard to the energy dissipation and *** analytical formulation for the EDR that can be used to quantitatively predict the amount of energy dissipation is derived from a lateral-force curve.

关键词： atomic-scale friction energy reversibility energy dissipation ratio superlubricity

High power triboelectric nanogenerator based on printed circuit board （PCB） technology

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Nano Research 2015年第3期8卷 722-730页

作者： Changbao Han Chi Zhang Wei Tang Xiaohui Li Zhong Lin Wang beijing institute of nanoenergy and nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China School of Material Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332 USA

Harvesting mechanical energy from our surroundings to acquire a steady and high power output has attracted intensive interest due to the fast development of portable electronics. In this work the disk-structured triboelectric nanogenerator （TENG） was prepared based on the mature printed drcuit board （PCB） technology and the composite structure for effectively improving the utilization in space. A narrow grating of 1~ was designed to produce high output. Operated at a rotation rate of 1,000 rpm, the TENG produces a high output power density of 267 mW/cm2 （total power output of 25.7 W） at a matched load of 0.93 MfZ After introducing a transformer, the output power can be managed so that it can be directly used to charge a battery for a smart phone. With the PCB production technology, fabrication of high performance TENG at low cost and large-scale becomes feasible.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG) printed circuit board (PCB) output power transformer