检索结果-南通市图书馆

中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第8期137卷 883-886页

作者： Wang Xiaoshuang Wang Jing Cheng Tao institute of basic medical sciences Chinese Academy of medical sciences & 3. Peking Union medical College 4. beijing 100005 5. China

Biosafety and mental health:Virus induced cognitive decline

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

生物安全与健康(英文) 2023年第3期5卷 159-167页

作者： Chunxiao Du Ge Li Gencheng Han Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Beijing 100850China

Biological agents threats people's life through different ways,one of which lies in the impairment of cognition.It is believed cognitive decline may result from biological agents mediated neuron damage directly,or from the activation of the host immune response to eradicate the pathogen.However,direct linkage between infections and cognitive decline is very limited.Here we focus on the mechanisms of how different biological virus or they induced systemic and local inflammation link to the cognitive impairment,focusing on the roles of acti-vated microglia and several molecular pathways mediated neurotoxicity.

关键词： Infection Cognitive decline Neurotoxicity Neuroinflammation

同方期刊数据库

Protecting People from Tobacco Smoke in China: Current Status and Challenges

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

China CDC weekly 2022年第21期4卷 460-464页

作者： Xia Wan institute of basic medical sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

Over the past two years,many people have encountered difficulties because of the advent of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).The COVID-19 pandemic has unleashed many concerns,such as social isolation and loneliness,drastic changes to lifestyles,uncertainty for the future,and financial pressure.Some people reported smoking more than usual to reduce stress or loneliness(1),which made more people vulnerable to be exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke(SHS).As we know there is no safe level of exposure to SHS,and even brief exposure can cause harm(2).Under this circumstance,it is quite meaningful to reiterate the topic of protecting people from the harms of SHS.

关键词： smoke meaningful exposure

Post-traumatic stress disorder:a psychiatric disorder requiring urgent attention

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

medical Review 2022年第3期2卷 219-243页

作者： Jun Du Huapeng Diao Xiaojuan Zhou Chunkui Zhang Yifei Chen Yan Gao Yizheng Wang Science Center Beijing Institute of Basic Medical SciencesBeijingChina

Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a severe and heterogenous psychiatric disorder that was first defined as a mental disorder in 1980.Currently,the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition(DSM-5)and the International Classification of Diseases 11th Edition(ICD-11)offer the most widely accepted diagnostic guidelines for PTSD.In both diagnostic categories,experiencing a traumatic event(TE)is the necessary criterion for diagnosing PTSD.The TEs described in the DSM-5 include actual or threatened death,serious injury,sexual violence,and other extreme stressors,either directly or indirectly.More than 70%of adults worldwide are exposed to a TE at least once in their lifetime,and approximately 10%of individuals develop PTSD after experiencing a TE.The important features of PTSD are intrusion or re-experiencing fear memories,pervasive sense of threat,active avoidance,hyperarousal symptoms,and negative alterations of cognition and mood.Individuals with PTSD have high comorbidities with other psychiatric diseases,including major depressive disorder,generalized anxiety disorder,and substance use disorder.Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the pathophysiology of PTSD is complex,involving abnormal neural circuits,molecular mechanisms,and genetic mechanisms.A combination of both psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is used to treat PTSD,but has limited efficacy in patients with refractory PTSD.Because of the high prevalence,heavy burden,and limited treatments,PTSD is a psychiatric disorder that requires urgent attention.In this review,we summarize and discuss the diagnosis,prevalence,TEs,pathophysiology,and treatments of PTSD and draw attention to its prevention.

关键词： animal models comorbidity pathophysiology post-traumatic stress disorder traumatic events treatments

Lung Cancer Risk Attributable to Active Smoking in China:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

生物医学与环境科学:英文版 2023年第9期36卷 850-861页

作者： ZHAO Jian SHI Yu Lin WANG Yu Tong AI Fei Ling WANG Xue Wei YANG Wen Yi WANG Jing Xin AI Li Mei HU Kui Ru WAN Xia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

Objective No consensus exists on the relative risk(RR)of lung cancer(LC)attributable to active smoking in China.This study aimed to evaluate the unified RR of LC attributable to active smoking among the Chinese population.Methods A systematic literature search of seven databases was conducted to identify studies reporting active smoking among smokers versus nonsmokers in China.Primary articles on LC providing risk estimates with their 95%confidence intervals(CIs)for“ever”“former”or“current”smokers from China were selected.Meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled RR of active smoking.Results Forty-four unique studies were included.Compared with that of nonsmokers,the pooled RR(95%CI)for“ever”“former”and“current”smokers were 3.26(2.79–3.82),2.95(1.71–5.08),and 5.16(2.58–10.34)among men,3.18(2.78–3.63),2.70(2.08–3.51),and 4.27(3.61–5.06)among women,and2.71(2.12–3.46),2.66(2.45–2.88),and 4.21(3.25–5.45)in both sexes combined,respectively.Conclusion The RR of LC has remained relatively stable(range,2–6)over the past four decades in China.Early quitting of smoking could reduce the RR to some extent;however,completely refraining from smoking is the best way to avoid its adverse effects.

关键词： Active smoking Chinese population Lung cancer Systematic review Meta-analysis

Joint Association of Metabolic Health and Obesity with Ten-Year Risk of Cardiovascular Disease among Chinese Adults

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Biomedical and Environmental sciences 2022年第1期35卷 13-21页

作者： LIU Jun Ting YAO Hong Yan YU Shi Cheng LIU Jian Jun ZHU Guang Jin HAN Shao Mei XU Tao Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206China Capital institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020China Department of Physiopathology Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100006China Department of Epidemiology and Statistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

Objective This study aims to investigate the association of metabolic phenotypes that are jointly determined by body mass index(BMI)or fat mass percentage and metabolic health status with the tenyear risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)among Chinese adults.Methods Data were obtained from a cross-sectional study.BMI and body fat mass percentage(FMP)combined with the metabolic status were used to define metabolic phenotypes.Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used to examine the effects of metabolic phenotypes on CVD risk.Results A total of 13,239 adults aged 34-75 years were included in this study.Compared with the metabolically healthy non-obese(MHNO)phenotype,the metabolically unhealthy non-obese(MUNO)and metabolically unhealthy obese(MUO)phenotypes defined by BMI showed a higher CVD risk[odds ratio,OR(95% confidence interval,CI):2.34(1.89-2.89),3.45(2.50-4.75),respectively],after adjusting for the covariates.The MUNO and MUO phenotypes defined by FMP showed a higher CVD risk[OR(95%CI):2.31(1.85-2.88),2.63(1.98-3.48),respectively]than the MHNO phenotype.The metabolically healthy obese phenotype,regardless of being defined by BMI or FMP,showed no CVD risk compared with the MHNO phenotype.Conclusion General obesity without central obesity does not increase CVD risk in metabolically healthy individuals.FMP might be a more meaningful factor for the evaluation of the association of obesity with CVD risk.Obesity and metabolic status have a synergistic effect on CVD risk.

关键词： Body mass index Fat mass Obesity Metabolic health Metabolic phenotype Cardiovascular risk

The Association between Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke and Disease in the Chinese Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Biomedical and Environmental sciences 2023年第1期36卷 24-37页

作者： WANG Yu Tong HU Kui Ru ZHAO Jian AI Fei Ling SHI Yu Lin WANG Xue Wei YANG Wen Yi WANG Jing Xin AILiMei WAN Xia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

Objective To analyze the association between exposure to second-hand smoke(SHS) and 23 diseases,categorized into four classifications, among the Chinese population.Methods We searched the literature up to June 30, 2021, and eligible studies were identified according to the PECOS format: Participants and Competitors(Chinese population), Exposure(SHS),Outcomes(Disease or Death), and Study design(Case-control or Cohort).Results In total, 53 studies were selected. The odds ratio(OR) for all types of cancer was 1.79(1.56–2.05), and for individual cancers was 1.92(1.42–2.59) for lung cancer, 1.57(1.40–1.76) for breast cancer, 1.52(1.12–2.05) for bladder cancer, and 1.37(1.08–1.73) for liver cancer. The OR for circulatory system diseases was 1.92(1.29–2.85), with a value of 2.29(1.26–4.159) for stroke. The OR of respiratory system diseases was 1.76(1.13–2.74), with a value of 1.82(1.07–3.11) for childhood asthma. The original ORs were also shown for other diseases. Subgroup analyses were performed for lung and breast cancer. The ORs varied according to time period and were significant during exposure in the household;For lung cancer, the OR was significant in women.Conclusion The effect of SHS exposure in China was similar to that in Western countries, but its definition and characterization require further clarification. Studies on the association between SHS exposure and certain diseases with high incidence rates are insufficient.

关键词： Second-hand smoke Chinese population Cancer Diseases of the respiratory system Diseases of the circulatory system Systematic review Meta-analysis

Evaluating the Quality of Case-control Studies involving the Association between Tobacco Exposure and Diseases in a Chinese Population based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Post-hoc Power

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Biomedical and Environmental sciences 2022年第9期35卷 861-866页

作者： SHI Yu Lin ZHAO Jian AI Fei Ling WANG Yu Tong HU Kui Ru WANG Xue Wei YANG Wen Yi WANG Jing Xin AI Li Mei WAN Xia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

According to the 2017 Global Burden of Disease Study,smoking is among the four leading risk factors contributing to deaths and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)in China.In the past 20 years,there has been a substa... 详细信息

关键词： China. Population life

Interactions to plasm protein and application potentials of carbon nanotubes in blood-contacting medical devices

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nano Research 2023年第11期16卷 12506-12515页

作者： Jie Meng Xuechun Hu Tao Wen Tao Wang Jian Liu Haiyan Xu institute of basic medical sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have been largely investigated in various biomedical fields on the basis of their excellent physical properties and drug delivery performance.However,application capacities of CNTs in blood-contacting medical devices are given due attention though there have been increasingly accumulated experimental data showing promising potentials.Herein,we collected and showed research evidence that strong interactions of CNTs to plasm proteins are attractive and valuable features holding great application potentials for medical devices and implants used in blood-contacting environments,while blood compatibility has been a big challenge faced by this kind of devices.This review introduces the strong and nonspecific plasm protein adsorptions of CNTs due to their high purity of carbon composition and nanostructures,followed by discussions on the implication of these interactions to blood coagulation and complement activation,aiming to sort out and provide insights into the application potentials of CNTs in blood-contacting medical devices and implants in the context of anti-thrombosis and blood purification.

关键词： carbon nanotubes non-specific adsorption cardiovascular blood purification composites coagulation

Focal-type,but not Diffuse-type,Amyloid Beta Plaques are Correlated with Alzheimer’s Neuropathology,Cognitive Dysfunction,and Neuroinflammation in the Human Hippocampus

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第10期38卷 1125-1138页

作者： Fan Liu Jianru Sun Xue Wang Sixuan Jin Fengrun Sun Tao Wang Bo Yuan Wenying Qiu Chao Ma National Human Brain Bank for Development and Function School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100005China Department of Human Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyNeuroscience CenterSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100005China Chinese institute for Brain Research Beijing 102206China

Amyloid beta(Aβ)plaques are one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,currently available anti-amyloid therapies fail to show effectiveness in the treatment of AD in humans.It has been found that there are different types of Aβplaque(diffuse and focal types)in the postmortem human brain.In this study,we aimed to investigate the correlations among different types of Aβplaque and AD-related neuropathological and cognitive changes based on a postmortem human brain bank in China.The results indicated that focal plaques,but not diffuse plaques,significantly increased with age in the human hippocampus.We also found that the number of focal plaques was positively correlated with the severity of AD-related neuropathological changes(measured by the“ABC”scoring system)and cognitive decline(measured by the Everyday Cognitive Insider Questionnaire).Furthermore,most of the focal plaques were co-localized with neuritic plaques(identified by Bielschowsky silver staining)and accompanied by microglial and other inflammatory cells.Our findings suggest the potential of using focal-type but not general Aβplaques as biomarkers for the neuropathological evaluation of AD.

关键词： Focal Aβ plaques ECog score ABC score Alzheimer’s disease Neuroinflammation Clinicopathological correlation Human brain bank