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Tunnel bottleneck management with high-occupancy vehicle priority on intelligent freeways

Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第2期6卷 87-95页

作者： Jinyong Gao Juncheng Zeng Xinyuan Wang Cheng Zhou Hailin Zhang Jintao Lai Fujian Express way Group co. LtdFuzhou 350000FujianChina Fujian Express way science&technology Innovation Research Institute co. LtdFuzhou 350000FujianChina beijing baidu netcom science technology co. LtdBeijing 100000China Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

Tunnels on freeways,as one of the critical bottlenecks,frequently cause severe co.gestion and passenger delay.To solve the tunnel bottleneck problem,most of the existing research can be divided into two types.One is to adopt variable speed limits(VSLs)to regulate a predetermined speed for vehicles to get through a bottleneck smoothly.The other is to adopt high-occupancy vehicle(HOV)lane management.In HOV lane management strategies,all traffic is divided into HOVs and low-occupancy vehicles(LOVs).HOVs are vehicles with a driver and one or more passengers.LOVs are vehicles with only a driver.This kind of research can grant priority to HOVs by providing a dedicated HOV lane.However,the existing research cannot both mitigate co.gestion and maximize passenger-oriented benefits.To address the research gap,this paper leverages co.nected and automated vehicle(CAV)technologies on intelligent freeways and develops a tunnel bottleneck management strategy with a dynamic HOV lane(DHL).The strategy bears the following features:1)enables tunnel bottleneck management at a microsco.ic level;2)maximizes passenger-oriented benefits;3)grants priority to HOVs even when the HOV lane is open to LOVs;4)allocates right-of-way segments for HOVs and LOVs in real time;and 5)performs well in a mixed-traffic environment.The proposed strategy is evaluated through co.parison against the non-co.trol baseline and a VSL strategy.Sensitivity analysis is co.ducted under different co.gestion levels and penetration rates.The results demonstrate that the proposed strategy outperforms in terms of passenger-oriented delay reduction and HOVs’priority level improvement.

关键词： tunnel bottleneck high-occupancy vehicle(HOV) intelligent freeways right-of-way segment

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Mineralogical properties and co.sintering characteristics of fluxed iron ore with magnetite co.centrates

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第2期31卷 318-328页

作者： Le-le Niu Zheng-jian Liu Jian-liang Zhang Yao-zu Wang Zhen-xing Yang Si-da Li Chang-dong Shan Ben Feng School of Metallurgical and Eco.ogical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Xinxing Casting Pipe Xinjiang co. Bayingol841300XinjiangChina

To investigate the feasibility of co.sintering of fluxed iron ore with magnetite co.centrates, the mineralogical properties of a novel fluxed iron ore were studied using particle size analysis, microsco.ic morphology characterization, and X-ray diffraction Rietveld analysis. Following that, the experiments for granulation performance and basic sintering characteristics were designed under seven different fluxed iron ore ratios, and the integrated ranking of different fluxed iron ore ratios was determined using gray relation analysis. Finally, the results of the industrial trails were co.bined with the feasibility analysis. Test and experimental results show that the fraction of the fluxed iron ore particles larger than 0.5 mm can acco.nt for more than 48%, and the particles have two morphologies: spherical-rough and flaky-smooth. Ca elements are found in the form of calcite (Caco.) and dolomite (CaMg(co.)2). The average particle size of granules and powder removal rate can be improved from 2.50 to 3.16 mm and 39.60% to 24.20%, respectively, with the increase in the fluxed iron ore ratio. Furthermore, the fluxed iron ore can improve assimilability and liquid fluidity of magnetite co.centrates. In terms of overall granulation performance and sintering characteristics, the fluxed iron ore ratios are graded from best to worst as follows: 12%, 15%, 9%, 18%, 21%, 6% and 3%. The industrial trails show that when the fluxed iron ore ratio is increased, the beneficial effect of the superior sintering characteristics of the fluxed iron ore itself is ideally balanced with the negative effect of the lower amount of additional CaO at 12% ratio, and thus, it is feasible to bring the fluxed iron ore into production at a level of roughly 12%.

关键词： Fluxed iron ore Magnetite co.centrate Granulation performance Sintering characteristics Gray relation analysis

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Growth performance, serum parameters, inflammatory responses,intestinal morphology and microbiota of weaned piglets fed 18% crude protein diets with different ratios of standardized ileal digestible isoleucine to lysine

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 313-325页

作者： Jian Wang Sujie Liu Jiayu Ma Xiaoli Dong Shenfei Long Xiangshu Piao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University CJ International Trading co. Ltd beijing Jingwa Agricultural science and technology Innovation Center

The present study was to explore the Ile requirement of piglets fed 18% crude protein(CP) diets. Two hundred and fifty 28-day-old Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire piglets(8.37 ± 1.92 kg) were randomly divided into 5 dietary treatments(10 piglets per replicate, 5 barrows and 5 gilts per replicate) with 45%,50%, 55%, 60%, 65% standardized ileal digestible(SID) Ile-to-Lys ratios, and the SID Lys was formulated to1.19%. The experimental design co.sisted of two phases(d 1 to 14 and d 15 to 28). Results showed that average daily gain(ADG) had a tendency to quadratically increase as the SID Ile-to-Lys ratio increased(P = 0.09), and the optimum SID Ile-to-Lys ratios required to maximize ADG were 48.33% and 54.63% for broken-line linear model and quadratic polynomial model, respectively. Different SID Ile-to-Lys ratios had no significant effects on average daily feed intake and gain-to-feed ratio. Dry matter(P co.centrations increased quadratically. Serum Ser levels decreased linearly(P co.centration increased linearly. Duodenal villus height(P < 0.01) and villus height to crypt depth ratio(P < 0.01) increased quadratically. The deficiency or excess of Ile decreased short chain fatty acid-producing bacteria abundance and increased pathogenic bacteria abundance. Overall, taking ADG as the effect index, the optimum SID Ile-to-Lys ratios of piglets offered 18% CP diets were 48.33% and 54.63% based on two different statistical models

关键词： Weaned piglet Growth performance Intestinal health Isoleucine Reduced crude protein diet

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Sludge co.position and characteristics shaped microbial co.munity and further determined process performance: A study on full-scale thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digestion processes

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第3期137卷 96-107页

作者： Wei Liu Chenxiang Sun Wei Li Tianle Li Zhan Chen Jiawei Wang Zhengran Ren Xianghua Wen School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Jinneng Holding Group DatongShanxi 037000China Research and Development Center Beijing Drainage Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100124China beijing Dabeinong science and technology Group co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China

Anaerobic digestion (AD) with thermal hydrolysis (TH) pretreatment is a promising process for excess sludge treatment,while there lacks of the knowledge from full-scale process about the impact of sludge co.position and characteristics on microbial co.munity and performance.The sludge physiochemical indices,microbial co.munity and performance data of four full-scale TH-AD plants were characterized,and their relationships was elucidated.The four plants were operated under almost similar total organic loading rate (OLR)but their methanogenesis performance differentiate into two groups,namely superior group(SupG) and the inferior group (Inf G).In both groups,TH effectively solubilized particulate organic co.pounds,meanwhile raised the ammonia nitrogen (NH_(4)^(+)-N) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) co.centration.co.pared with the Sup G,thermal hydrolyzed sludge of Inf G had higher level of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and total chemical oxygen demand (t co.),which showed higher inhibition effect on microbes,leading to a co.munity with lower diversity,lower abundance of carbohydrate degrading functional guild,higher protein degrading one,and methanogens that adapted to limited substrates,and further declined the methane production rate.Thus,it was reco.mended that OLR alone was not sufficient for co.trolling the system in design and operation,the co.centration of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and t co. should be equally co.sidered.Their higher co.centration,together with the higher abundance of Defluviitoga and Proteiniphilum were reco.mended as indicators for inferior running co.dition.Our results proposed that microbial co.munities played a role of bridge between environmental factors and performance,provided implications for engineering eco.ogy and operational regulation for full-scale sludge TH-AD process.

关键词： Thermal hydrolysis Anaerobic digestion Microbial co.munity Full-scale

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Interface optimization of graphene paper-Cu co.posite prepared by electrodeposition

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第1期31卷 64-73页

作者： Jing Guo Hai-jing Wang Shuang-juan Liu Peng Zhang Jing-yu Tang Wei-yang Zhang Han-jie Guo Peng-cheng Wang Cai Meng School of Metallurgical and Eco.ogical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Advanced technology and Materials co. Ltd.Beijing100083China School of Nuclear science and technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027AnhuiChina

A room-temperature electrodeposition method with an organic electrolyte was developed to fabricate a HNO3-pretreated graphene paper Cu(GP'-Cu)co.posite.To improve the interfacial bonding of GP'-Cu co.posite,magnetron sputtering technology was used to create a"sandwich"structural gradient GP'-Cu co.posite.The selection of the intermediate transition layer metal was based on two-dimensional disregistry.Scanning electron microsco.y,X-ray photoelectron spectrosco.y,and other analytical methods co.firmed that the addition of an intermediate transition metal(Cr,Ni)layer reduced the gap distance and enhanced the interfacial bonding of the GP'and Cu deposited layers.The GP'-Ni-Cu co.posite exhibited the largest increase in tensile strength and co.ductivity.In addition,it had the highest thermal diffusivity and elongation at break among the GP'-Cu,GP'-Cr-Cu and GP'-Ni-Cu co.posites.

关键词： Graphene paper Two-dimensional disregistry Magnetron sputtering Metal co.posite

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Carbon-based interface engineering and architecture design for high-performance lithium metal anodes

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 207-235页

作者： Na Zhu Yuxiang Yang Yu Li Ying Bai Junfeng Rong Chuan Wu SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing co. Ltd.BeijingChina beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental science and Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina Yangtze Delta Region Academy of beijing Institute of technology JiaxingChina

Metallic lithium(Li)is co.sidered the“Holy Grail”anode material for the nextgeneration of Li batteries with high energy density owing to the extraordinary theoretical specific capacity and the lowest negative electrochemical potential.However,owing to inhomogeneous Li-ion flux,Li anodes undergo unco.trollable Li deposition,leading to limited power output and practical applications.Carbon materials and their co.posites with co.trollable structures and properties have received extensive attention to guide the homogeneous growth of Li to achieve high-performance Li anodes.In this review,the co.relation between the behavior of Li anode and the properties of carbon materials is proposed.Subsequently,we review emerging strategies for rationally designing high-performance Li anodes with carbon materials,including interface engineering(stabilizing solid electrolyte interphase layer and other functionalized interfacial layer)and architecture design of host carbon(co.structing three-dimension structure,preparing hollow structure,introducing lithiophilic sites,optimizing geometric effects,and co.positing with Li).Based on the insights,some prospects on critical challenges and possible future research directions in this field are co.cluded.It is anticipated that further innovative works on the fundamental chemistry and theoretical research of Li anodes are needed.

关键词： carbon materials dendrites hosts interfacial layers Li metal anodes

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A Survey on Blockchain-Based Federated Learning:Categorization,Application and Analysis

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co.puter Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2451-2477页

作者： Yuming Tang Yitian Zhang Tao Niu Zhen Li Zijian Zhang Huaping Chen Long Zhang School of Cyberspace science&technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China School of co.puter science&technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Southeast Institute of Information technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyPutian351100China Qianxin technology Group co. Ltd.Beijing100044China

Federated Learning(FL),as an emergent paradigm in privacy-preserving machine learning,has garnered significant interest from scholars and engineers across both academic and industrial spheres.Despite its innovative approach to model training across distributed networks,FL has its vulnerabilities;the centralized server-client architecture introduces risks of single-point failures.Moreover,the integrity of the global model—a co.nerstone of FL—is susceptible to co.promise through poisoning attacks by malicious actors.Such attacks and the potential for privacy leakage via inference starkly undermine FL’s foundational privacy and security goals.For these reasons,some participants unwilling use their private data to train a model,which is a bottleneck in the development and industrialization of federated learning.Blockchain technology,characterized by its decentralized ledger system,offers a co.pelling solution to these issues.It inherently prevents single-point failures and,through its incentive mechanisms,motivates participants to co.tribute co.puting power.Thus,blockchain-based FL(BCFL)emerges as a natural progression to address FL’s challenges.This study begins with co.cise introductions to federated learning and blockchain technologies,followed by a formal analysis of the specific problems that FL enco.nters.It discusses the challenges of co.bining the two technologies and presents an overview of the latest cryptographic solutions that prevent privacy leakage during co.munication and incentives in BCFL.In addition,this research examines the use of BCFL in various fields,such as the Internet of Things and the Internet of Vehicles.Finally,it assesses the effectiveness of these solutions.

关键词： Federated learning blockchain privacy-preserving

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Dinitrophenyl-oxadiazole co.pounds:Design strategy,synthesis,and properties of a series of new melt-cast explosives

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 100-107页

作者： Bao-long Kuang Ting-wei Wang co.g Li Mou Sun Qamar-un-Nisa Tariq Chao Zhang Zhi-ming Xie Zu-jia Lu Jian-guo Zhang State Key Laboratory of Explosion science and technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China China Wuzhou Engineering Group co. LTD.Beijing 100053China

Melt-cast explosives are the most widely used energetic materials in military co.posite explosives,researchers have been unremittingly exploring high-energy and insensitive melt-cast explosives.In this work,a series of dinitrophenyl-oxadiazole co.pounds were designed and prepared.These co.pounds have an ideal low melting point(80-97℃),good detonation performance(detonation velocity D=6455-6971 m/s,detonation pressure P=18-19 GPa)and extreme insensitive nature(impact sensitivity≥60 J,friction sensitivity>360 N).All these co.pounds were well characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance,fourier transform infrared spectrosco.y,elemental analysis.co.pounds 2,3 were unambiguously co.firmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis.As a result,their overall properties are superior to traditional melt-cast explosives trinitrotoluene(TNT)and dinitroanisole(DNAN)which may have excellent potential applications in insensitive melt-cast explosives.

关键词： Dinitrophenyl-oxadiazole Melt-cast explosive Low sensitivity

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co.ntermeasure against blinding attack for single-photon detectors in quantum key distribution

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Journal of Semico.ductors 2024年第4期45卷 76-81页

作者： Lianjun Jiang Dongdong Li Yuqiang Fang Meisheng Zhao Ming Liu Zhilin Xie Yukang Zhao Yanlin Tang Wei Jiang Houlin Fang Rui Ma Lei Cheng Weifeng Yang Songtao Han Shibiao Tang QuantumCTek co. Ltd.Hefei 230088China Shandong Institute of Quantum science and technology co. Ltd.Jinan 250101China QuantumCTek(beijing)co. Ltd.Beijing 100193China School of Cyber science and technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Anhui Armed Police Force Hefei 230026China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Quantum key distribution(QKD),rooted in quantum mechanics,offers information-theoretic security.However,practi-cal systems open security threats due to imperfections,notably bright-light blinding attacks targeting single-photon detectors.Here,we propose a co.cise,robust defense strategy for protecting single-photon detectors in QKD systems against blinding attacks.Our strategy uses a dual approach:detecting the bias current of the avalanche photodiode(APD)to defend against co.-tinuous-wave blinding attacks,and monitoring the avalanche amplitude to protect against pulsed blinding attacks.By integrat-ing these two branches,the proposed solution effectively identifies and mitigates a wide range of bright light injection attempts,significantly enhancing the resilience of QKD systems against various bright-light blinding attacks.This method forti-fies the safeguards of quantum co.munications and offers a crucial co.tribution to the field of quantum information security.

关键词： quantum key distribution single photon detector blinding attack pulsed blinding attack co.ntermeasure quan-tum co.munication

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Significantly improved near-field co.munication antennas based on novel Ho^(3+)and co.(2+)ions co.doped Ni-Zn ferrites

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 293-309页

作者： Pao Yang Zhiqing Liu Hongbin Qi Xiuli Fu Zhijian Peng School of science China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of science Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China Kunshan GuoLi Electronic technology co. Ltd.Kunshan 215300China

In near-field co.munication(NFC)antennas,soft magnetic ferrites are usually applied as a substrate to reduce eddy current loss and increase magnetic field co.pling.For this purpose,the applied ferrites are required to have high permeability and saturation magnetization together with low magnetic loss and dielectric loss.However,for most soft magnetic ferrites,it is difficult to meet all the requirements.Herein novel Ni-Zn ferrite ceramics co.doped by Ho^(3+)and co.(2+)ions with chemical formula Ni_(0.5-x)Zn_(0.5)Ho_(0.02)co.(x)Fe_(1.98)O_(4)(x=0-0.2)were designed and prepared to balance these needs on the basis of molten salt synthesis with metal nitrates as raw materials and potassium hydroxide(KOH)as the precipitation agent and molten salt precursor.After the substitution of Ho^(3+),the saturation magnetization and initial permeability decrease,but with further doping of co.(2+),the saturation magnetization gradually increases,while the initial permeability co.tinues to decrease.When x=0.1,the sample will have the lowest dielectric co.stant,magnetic and dielectric loss,as well as the highest Curie temperature(305℃).Moreover,the acquired Ni-Zn ferrites have been applied simulatively in NFC antennas,revealing that the device manufactured with the optimal Ni_(0.4)Zn_(0.5)Ho_(0.02)co.(0.1)Fe_(1.98)O_(4)ferrite ceramics would have significantly improved performance at 13.56 MHz with low leakage and long transmit distance of magnetic field.Therefore,the Ni_(0.4)Zn_(0.5)Ho_(0.02)co.(0.1)Fe_(1.98)O_(4)ferrite ceramics would be a good candidate for NFC antenna substrates.

关键词： electromagnetic properties co.doping microstrip antennas Ni-Zn ferrite

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