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The Planet’s Response to Human Activity. Thermodynamic Approach

Open Journal of Ecology 2021年第2期11卷 126-135页

作者： Vladimir Kh. Dobruskin beer yaakov Israel

The applicability of the laws of thermodynamics to processes on Earth is discussed and it is shown that the chemical thermodynamics provides the reasonable basis for predicting probable changes. The historical evolution of the planet is considered in the framework of the Harari approach;a civilization’s level is estimated by the Kardashev scale based on the amount of energy it is able to use. During a short historical interval (≈500 years), when the effect of biological evolution is imperceptible and the main changes on the planet are caused by human activity, two systems are considered: 1) a nonequilibrium inhabited planet and 2) a quasi-equilibrium hypothetical planet without people, which is accepted as a comparison system. It is shown that in response to the energy impact, the equilibrium of the hypothetical system with the primordial nature is disturbed and processes are initiated aimed to prevent further growth of energy production. In the case of a real planet, this implements changes preventing the uncontrolled activities of humans—the energy producers. Climate change, an increase in the number of natural disasters and epidemics can be recognized as a direct response of the planet, while changes in socio-economic relations, morality, demographic situation, new threats etc. can be considered as an indirect reaction to changing conditions of human beings. The latter results from the mutual correlation between the progress of society, on the one hand, and humanitarian and political processes, on the other. The role of renewable and non-renewable energy sources in evolution is taken into account. Obviously, it is better to take meaningful measures to achieve an acceptable balance now than to wait for the blind and extremely painful action of the laws of nature, which would lead to a reduction in the population.

关键词： Planet’s Response Human Activity Evolution

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Erdheim chester-A rare disease with unique endoscopic features

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第25期20卷 8309-8311页

作者： Gil Ben-yaakov Daniela Munteanu Ignacio Sztarkier Alexer Fich Doron Schwartz Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Soroka University Medical Center Faculty of Health Science Ben Gurion University of the NegevBeer sheva 84101Israel Institute of Pathology Soroka University Medical Center Faculty of Health Science Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer sheva 84101 Israel

Erdheim-Chester disease(ECD) is a rare inflammatory syndrome in which systemic infiltration of non-Langerhans cell histiocytes occurs in different sites. Both the etiology and pathophysiology of ECD are unknown, but CD68 positive CD 1a/S100 negative cells are characteristic. The presentation of ECD differs according to the involved organs. This case report describes a patient with ECD and the gastrointestinal manifestations and unique endoscopic appearance as seen in gastroscopy and colonoscopy with histological proof of histiocyte infiltration of the lamina propria. The clinical and endoscopic findings of this unique case, to our knowledge, were never described before, so were the features of the gastrointestinal involvement in this disease.

关键词： Erdheim chester Histiocytes Lamina propria Colon Stomach

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Enhancing the formability of FeSi6.5 steel by the anodic polarization

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第11期29卷 2072-2078页

作者： Dong Zhao Feng Ye Binbin Liu Haoyang Du yaakov B.Unigovski Emmanuel M.Gutman Roni Shneck State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Grid Jilin Electric Power Research Institute Jilin 130021China Department of Materials Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 84105Israel

The effect of anodic polarization on the plastic deformation behavior and formability of FeSi6.5 steel at room temperature was experimentally investigated through uniaxial tensile and drawing of wire specimen in sulfuric acid solution with current densities of 0-40 mA/*** formability of the FeSi6.5 steel was significantly improved after the anodic *** plastic elongation of the specimen as an anode in the electrochemical environment was 4.4%-7%,but 2.7%in the *** drawing force under the anodic polarization decreased by 12.5%-26%compared to that in deionized *** softening is mainly attributed to the relief in work hardening caused by surface atomic *** work hardening mechanism of the FeSi6.5 steel wires under anodic polarization condition was analyzed using Hollomon equation and Voce relation combined with the Kocks-Mecking *** data support the view that the surface atom dissolution facilitates dislocation ***6.5 steel wires were obtained using electrochemical cold drawing and presented a smooth surface and good ductility without crack after five-pass drawing with a total cross-section area reduction of 88%.The drawing with the assistance of anodic polarization is a promising technology for processing hard and brittle metal materials.

关键词： FeSi6.5 steel plastic deformation anodic polarization Voce equation

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