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Understanding the Removal and Fate of Selected Drugs of Abuse in Sludge and Biosolids from Australian Wastewater Treatment Operations

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Engineering 2019年第5期5卷 872-879页

作者： Meena K.Yadav Cobus Gerber Christopher P.Saint Ben Van den Akker Michael D.Short Natural and Built Environments research Centre School of Natural and Built EnvironmentsUniversity of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia School of Pharmacy and Medical Science University of South AustraliaNorth TerraceSA 5000Australia division of Information Technology Engineering and the EnvironmentUniversity of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia Australian Water Quality Center AdelaideSA 5000Australia Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

Illicit and pharmaceutical drugs are considered to be emerging contaminants of concern,and much research effort has gone into assessing their occurrence in ***,little information exists on their presence in treated sludge or *** this study,we examined sludge and biosolids from a large metropolitan wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)in Australia to determine the occurrence of five drugs of abuse,including benzoylecgonine as indicator of cocaine consumption,methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxy methamphetamine(MDMA)as representative illicit stimulants,and codeine and morphine as pharmaceuticals with potential environmental *** samples were solid-phase extracted and analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS).Benzoylecgonine and MDMA were present in raw sludge but were notably degraded during solids treatment processes,and were not detected in the dewatered sludge(after treatment)or in ***,codeine,and morphine were detected in all biosolids samples at mean concentrations of 20–50 lg kg^-*** presence of these three drugs in biosolids shows that these compounds are relatively stable in the solids and in soil,and can persist in biosolids for at least several years.A simple environmental risk assessment based on estimated risk quotients(RQs)for these compounds indicated that the potential environmental risks associated with the land application of biosolids are very low at typical Australian biosolids application rates.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Biosolids Contamination Methamphetamine Sorption

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Solid-state characterization and impurities determination of fluconazol generic products marketed in Morocco

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2012年第6期2卷 412-421页

作者： Houda Bourichi Youness Brik Philipe Hubert Yahia Cherrah Abdelaziz Bouklouze research Team of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis-Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed V University Soussi Rabat Morocco Physicochemical Service Drugs Quality Control Laboratory Division of Drugs and Pharmacy Ministry of Health Rabat Morocco Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry Department of Pharmacy CIRM (university of liège) B36-B40000 liège l Belgium

In this paper, we report the results of quality control based in pbysicochemical characteriza- tion and impurities determination of three samples of fluconazole drug substances marketed in Morocco. These samples were supplied by different pharmaceuticals companies. The sample A, as the discovered product, was supplied by Pfizer, while samples B and C （generics）, were manufactured by two different Indian industries. Solid-state characterization of the three samples was realized with different physicochemical methods as： X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transformation infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry. High performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify the impurities in the different samples. The results from the physicochemical methods cited above, showed difference in polymorph structure of the three drug substances. Sample A consisted in pure polymorph II1, sample B consisted in pure polymorph I1, sample C consisted in a mixture of fluconazole Form Ili, form II and the monohydrate. This result was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry. Also it was demonstrated that solvents used during the re-crystallization step were among the origins of these differences in the structure form. On the other hand, the result of the stability study under humidity and temperature showed that fluconazole polymorphic transformation could be owed to the no compliance with the conditions of storage. The HPLC analysis of these compounds showed the presence of specific

关键词： Generic productQuality control Fluconazole Polymorphism Impurities

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Genomic stability at the coding regions of the multidrug transporter gene ABCB1: insights into the development of alternative drug resistance mechanisms in human leukemia cells

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第4期3卷 959-979页

作者： Kevin G.Chen George E.Duran Mark J.Mogul Yan C.Wang Kevin L.Ross Jean-Pierre Jaffrézou Lyn M.Huff Kory R.Johnson Tito Fojo Norman J.Lacayo Branimir I.Sikic division of Oncology Department of MedicineStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305USA Current Address:NIH Stem Cell Unit National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA Current Address:Medical Affairs U.S. Servier PharmaceuticalsBostonMA 02210USA Current Address:Ross BioPharm Group Rocky PointNY 11778USA Current Address:French National Centre for Scientific research Paris 75016France Medicine Branch National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA Current Address Laboratory of Cell BiologyNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA Intramural IT and Bioinformatics Program National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA Current Address:Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian HospitalNew YorkNY 10032USA division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology-Stem Cell Transplantation and Cancer Biology Stanford University School of Medicine and Stanford Cancer InstitutePalo AltoCA 94305USA

Aim:Despite considerable efforts to reverse clinical multidrug resistance(MDR),targeting the predominant multidrug transporter ABCB1/P-glycoprotein(P-gp)using small molecule inhibitors has been unsuccessful,possibly due to the emergence of alternative drug resistance ***,the non-specific P-gp inhibitor cyclosporine(CsA)showed significant clinical benefits in patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML),which likely represents the only proof-of-principle clinical trial using several generations of MDR ***,the mutational mechanisms that may underlie unsuccessful MDR modulation by CsA are not elucidated because of the absence of CsA-relevant cellular *** this study,our aims were to establish CsA-resistant leukemia models and to examine the presence or absence of ABCB1 exonic mutations in these models as well as in diverse types of human cancer samples including ***:Drug-resistant lines were established by stepwise drug co-selection and characterized by drug sensitivity assay,rhodamine-123 accumulation,[3H]-labeled drug export,ABCB1 cDNA sequencing,and RNase protection *** genomic stability of the ABCB1 coding regions was evaluated by exome sequencing analysis of variant allele frequencies in human ***,the mutational spectrum of ABCB1 was further assessed in diverse types of cancer samples including AMLs in the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)at the National Cancer ***:We report the development of two erythroleukemia variants,RVC and RDC,which were derived by stepwise co-selection of K562/R7 drug-resistant leukemia cells with the etoposide-CsA and doxorubicin-CsA drug combinations,***,both RVC and RDC cell lines,which retained P-gp expression,showed altered multidrug-resistant phenotypes that were resistant to CsA ***,no mutations were found in the ABCB1 coding regions in these variant cells even under long-term stringent drug ***,ABCB1

关键词： Cancer leukemia multidrug resistance ABCB1 P-glycoprotein cyclosporine mutation

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Parameters affecting different acoustic radiation force impulse applications in the diagnosis of fibrotic liver changes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第27期21卷 8425-8432页

作者： Sabrina Galgenmueller Heike Jaeger Wolfgang Kratzer Stefan A Schmidt Suemeyra Oeztuerk Mark M Haenle Richard A Mason Tilmann Graeter Department of Internal Medicine I University Hospital Ulm FASCIA research Division of Neurophysiology Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University Hospital Ulm Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland

AIM: To analyze the virtual touch tissue quantification(VTTQ) and virtual touch imaging quantification(VTIQ) techniques, and identify possible factors that may influence VTTQ and VTIQ ***: One hundred and eighty-six(104 women/82 men) of 323 subjects met the inclusion criteria(age > 18 years, no history of chronic or gastrointestinal disease, body-mass index(BMI) pharmaceuticals, alcohol consumption < 24 g/d in men and < 12 g/d in women, and normal findings upon ultrasound examination of the abdomen). Measurements were taken at depths of 50 mm with VTTQ, 15 mm and 25 mm with VTIQ in the right hepatic lobe, and at 15 mm with only VTIQ in the left hepatic lobe. The examiner acquired six measurements per position, thereby giving 24 measurements in ***: The 95% confidence intervals of mean were1.23-1.29 m/s for VTTQ and 1.29-1.37 m/s, 1.17-1.23 m/s, and 1.48-1.57 m/s for VTIQ in a depth of 15 mm and 25 mm in the right hepatic lobe and 15 mm in the left hepatic lobe. Only superficial measurements in the right hepatic lobe with the VTIQ method exhibited an effect of age on shear wave velocity. Measurements acquired using the 6C1 probe with the VTTQ method showed no dependence on BMI. By comparison, BMI influenced measurements taken with the VTIQ method using the 9L4 probe in the superficial and deep areas of the right hepatic lobe, as well as in the left hepatic lobe(P = 0.0160, P = 0.0019, P = 0.0173, respectively). Gender influenced measurements at depths of 50 mm with VTTQ and 25 mm with VTIQ in the right hepatic lobe(P = 0.0001, P = 0.0269). Significant differences were found between measurements with the 6C1(VTTQ) and 9L4 probes(VTIQ)(P = 0.0067), between superficial and deep measurements(P < 0.0001), and between the right and left lobes of the liver(P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Measurements in the right lobe and deep regions are preferable. Gender differences must b

关键词： Acoustic radiation force impulse Elasticityimaging techniques Liver Reference standards Virtualtouch imaging and quantification Virtual touch tissuequantification Ultrasonography

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Understanding the multifunctionality in Cu-doped BiVO_4 semiconductor photocatalyst

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 84-97页

作者： Chhabilal Regmi Yuwaraj K.Kshetri Ramesh Prasad PANDey Tae-Ho Kim Gobinda Gyawali Soo Wohn Lee Department of Environmental and Biochemical Engineering Sun Moon University Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Sun Moon University Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering Sun Moon University division of Mechanics and ICT Convergence Engineering Sun Moon University

A visible light-induced, Cu-doped BiVO_4 photocatalyst was synthesized by a microwave hydrothermal method. The photocatalytic efficiency was investigated in the degradation of model water pollutants like Methylene Blue(dye) and ibuprofen(pharmaceuticals), as well as the inactivation of Escherichia coli(bacteria). The Cu-doped BiVO4 samples showed better efficiency than undoped BiVO_4, and the 1 wt.% Cu-doped BiVO_4 sample showed the best efficiency. The degradation of Methylene Blue reached 95%, while the degradation of ibuprofen reached 75%, and the inactivation of E. coli reached 85% in irradiation with visible light. The appearance of additional absorption band shoulders and widening of the optical absorption in the visible range makes the prepared powder an efficient visible light-driven photocatalyst. Moreover, the formation of an in-gap energy state just above the valance band as determined by density functional theory(DFT) first principle calculation, facilitates the wider optical absorption range of the doped system. Similarly, this in-gap energy state also acts as an electron trap, which is favorable for the efficient separation and photoexcited charge carriers' transfer process. The formation of oxygen vacancies due to doping also improved the separation of the charge carrier, which promoted the trapping of electrons and inhibited electron hole recombination, thus increasing the photocatalytic activity. No decrease in the efficiency of the 1 wt.% Cu-doped BiVO_4 photocatalyst in the degradation of ibuprofen over three consecutive cycles revealed the stability of the photocatalyst towards photocorrosion. These findings highlight the multifunctional applications of Cu-doped BiVO_4 in wastewater containing multiple pollutants.

关键词： BiVO4 Photocatalyst Methylene Blue Ibuprofen Escherichia coli First principle calculation

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Numerical Modeling and Computer Simulation of a Meander Line Antenna for Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment, a Feasibility Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第2期11卷 177-185页

作者： Felipe P. Perez Maryam Rahmani Jorge Morisaki Farhan Amran Syazwani Bakri Akmal Halim Alston Dsouza Nurafifi Mohd Yusuff Amran Farhan James Maulucci Maher Rizkalla Department of Medicine Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis USA Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago USA

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a brain disorder that eventually causes memory loss and the ability to perform simple cognitive functions;research efforts within pharmaceuticals and other medical treatments have minimal impact on the disease. Our preliminary biological studies showed that Repeated Electromagnetic Field Stimulation (REFMS) applying an EM frequency of 64 MHz and a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.4 - 0.9 W/kg decrease the level of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ), which is the most likely etiology of AD. This study emphasizes uniform E/H field and SAR distribution with adequate penetration depth penetration through multiple human head layers driven with low input power for safety treatments. In this work, we performed numerical modeling and computer simulations of a portable Meander Line antenna (MLA) to achieve the required EMF parameters to treat AD. The MLA device features a low cost, small size, wide bandwidth, and the ability to integrate into a portable system. This study utilized a High-Frequency Simulation System (HFSS) in the design of the MLA with the desired characteristics suited for AD treatment in humans. The team designed a 24-turn antenna with a 60 cm length and 25 cm width and achieved the required resonant frequency of 64 MHz. Here we used two numerical human head phantoms to test the antenna, the MIDA and spherical head phantom with six and seven tissue layers, respectively. The antenna was fed from a 50-Watt input source to obtain the SAR of 0.6 W/kg requirement in the center of the simulated brain tissue layer. We found that the E/H field and SAR distribution produced was not homogeneous;there were areas of high SAR values close to the antenna transmitter, also areas of low SAR value far away from the antenna. This paper details the antenna parameters, the scattering parameters response, the efficiency response, and the E and H field distribution;we presented the computer simulation results and discussed future work for a practical model.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease Meander Line Antenna HFSS EMF Linearity SAR Field Distribution

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Safety and efficacy of subcutaneous ianalumab (VAY736) in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b dose-finding trial

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第10期43卷 1799-1799页

作者： Simon J Bowman Rheumatology Department University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK Institute of Inflammation and Ageing College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham UK National Institute for Health research Birmingham Biomedical research Centre University of Birmingham Birmingham UK Rheumatology Department Milton Keynes University Hospital Milton Keynes UK Rheumatology Clinic Scripps Memorial Hospital and Research Institute La Jolla CA USA Department of Medicine Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Charité Universitätsmedizin and Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum Berlin Germany Université Paris Saclay Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Hôpital Bicêtre INSERM U1184 Le Kremlin Bicêtre France division of Oral Medicine Tufts School of Dental Medicine Boston MA USA division of Rheumatology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA Chronic Diseases research Center Nova Medical School Lisbon Portugal Instituto Português de Reumatologia Lisbon Portugal Rheumatology Department Hospital Cuf Descobertas Lisbon Portugal Clinic of Rheumatology University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia Department of Medical Area University of Udine Udine Italy division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Department of Internal Medicine IV Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Munich Germany Department of Rheumatology Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Edge Hill University Liverpool UK Novartis Pharma Basel Switzerland Novartis pharmaceuticals East Hanover NJ USA

Background:Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterised by dry eyes and mouth,systemic features,and reduced quality of *** are no disease-modifying treatments.A new biologic,ianalumab(VAY736),with two modes of suppressing B cells,has previously shown preliminary *** dose-finding trial aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of different subcutaneous doses of ianalumab in patients with moderate to severe primary Sjögren's syndrome.

关键词： subcutaneous patients doses

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Alirocumab and Cardiovascular Outcomes after Acute Coronary Syndrome

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四川生理科学杂志 2023年第10期45卷 1848-1848页

作者： Gregory G Schwartz From the division of Cardiology University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora (G.G.S.) Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris Hôpital Bichat Paris Diderot University Sorbonne Paris Cité FACT (French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials) and INSERM Unité 1148 (P.G.S.) and Sanofi (C.H. G.L.) — all in Paris the National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College Royal Brompton Hospital London (P.G.S.) the State University of New York Downstate School of Public Health Brooklyn (M.S.) and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Tarrytown (R.P. W.J.S.) — both in New York Brigham and Women’s Hospital Heart and Vascular Center and Harvard Medical School Boston (D.L.B.) the division of Cardiovascular Disease University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham (V.A.B.) Estudios Cardiológicos Latinoamérica Instituto Cardiovascular de Rosario Rosario Argentina (R.D.) Sanofi Bridgewater NJ (J.M.E. A.M. J.-F.T.) the Canadian VIGOUR Centre University of Alberta Edmonton and St. Michael’s Hospital University of Toronto Toronto — both in Canada (S.G.G.) Stanford Center for Clinical research Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA (R.A.H. K.W.M.) the Department of Cardiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands (J.W.J.) Duke Clinical research Institute Duke University Medical Center (K.Q. M.T.R. P.T.) and the Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Duke University School of Medicine (M.T.R.) Durham NC Green Lane Cardiovascular Services Auckland City Hospital Auckland New Zealand (H.D.W.) and the Department of Medicine III Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Germany (A.M.Z.).

Background:Patients who have had an acute coronary syndrome are at high risk for recurrent ischemic cardiovascular *** sought to determine whether alirocumab,a human monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9(PCSK9),would improve cardiovascular outcomes after an acute coronary syndrome in patients receiving high-intensity statin therapy.

关键词： cardiovascular acute coronary

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China's landscape in oncology drug research:perspectives from research collaboration networks

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Chinese Journal of Cancer research 2015年第2期27卷 138-147页

作者： Han You Jingyun Ni Michael Barber Thomas Scherngell Yuanjia Hu State Key Laboratory of Quality research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of Macao Innovation Systems Department AIT Austrian Institute of Technology

Objective： Better understanding of China＇s landscape in oncology drug research is of great significance for discovering anti-cancer drugs in future. This article differs from previous studies by focusing on Chinese oncology drug research communities in co-publication networks at the institutional level. Moreover, this research aims to explore structures and behaviors of relevant research units by thematic community analysis and to address policy recommendations. Methods： This research used social network analysis to define an institutions network and to identify a community network which is characterized by thematic content. Results： A total of 675 sample articles from 2008 through 2012 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded （SCIE） database of Web of Science, and top institutions and institutional pairs are highlighted for further discussion. Meanwhile, this study revealed that institutions based in the Chinese mainland are located in a relatively central position, Taiwan＇s institutions are closely assembled on the side, and Hong Kong＇s units located in the middle of the Chinese mainland＇s and Taiwan＇s. Spatial division and institutional hierarchy are still critical barriers to research collaboration in the field of anti-cancer drugs in China. In addition, the communities focusing on hot research areas show the higher nodal degree, whereas communities giving more attention to rare research subjects are relatively marginalized to the periphery of network. Conclusions= This paper offers policy recommendations to accelerate cross-regional cooperation, such as through developing information technology and increasing investment. The brokers should focus more on outreach to other institutions. Finally, participation in topics of common interest is conducive to improved efficiency in research and development （R＆D） resource allocation.

关键词： Anti-cancer pharmaceuticals publications research collaboration networks thematic analysis

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Ozone and ozone/hydrogen peroxide treatment to remove gemfibrozil and ibuprofen from treated sewage effluent: Factors influencing bromate formation

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Emerging Contaminants 2020年第1期6卷 225-234页

作者： Hajar Farzaneh Kavithaa Loganathan Jayaprakash Saththasivam Gordon McKay division of Sustainable Development Hamad Bin Khalifa University(HBKU)DohaQatar Qatar Environment and Energy Institute(QEERI) Hamad Bin Khalifa University(HBKU)DohaQatar

Reuse of treated sewage effluent is an important option to overcome water *** wastewater treatment methods are inadequate for the removal of several persistent contaminants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs).In this study the removal of ibuprofen and gemfibrozil by ozonation and ozone/hydrogen peroxide(O3/H2O2)advanced oxidation process(AOP),as well as the formation of bromate were investigated at different temperatures and pH *** removal of gemfibrozil and a maximum of 80%ibuprofen removal were achieved using ozone dosage of 1.5 mg/L with O3:H2O2 ratio of 1:0.25 in the O3/H2O2 *** effect of temperature on the removal efficiency of these two compounds was found to be negligible from 25 to 40ᵒC for both *** effect from 6 to 9 was also found to be negligible for gemfibrozil removal,while ibuprofen had relatively lower removal by ozonation at pH 6 compared to higher pH *** formation was decreased to 0.012 mg/L when the pH was increased to *** the temperature to 40ᵒC also resulted in less bromate formation which was the lowest value obtained in this study at 0.0102 mg/*** of H2O2 did not affect the formation of bromate and in some cases it was found to be slightly higher compared with ozonation treatment.

关键词： Ozonation Advanced oxidation processes pharmaceuticals Bromate formation

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