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Hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics and difference analysis in the TZ1-TZ4 well block of the Tarim basin

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Petroleum Science 2010年第2期7卷 201-210页

作者： Jiang Zhenxue Pang Xiongqi Yang Haijun Li Zhuo Xiang Caifu Gu Qiaoyuan State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting Beijing 102249 China basin and reservoirresearch center China University＂ of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Exploration and Development Institute of the Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Korla Xinjiang 841000 China

The reservoirs in the TZ1-TZ4 well block of the Tarim basin are complex, and the hydrocarbon enrichment shows differences. The three Carboniferous oil layers are characterized by ＂oil in the upper and lower layers and gas in the middle＂ in profile and ＂oil in the west and gas in the east＂ in plane view. In order to discuss the complex reservoir accumulation mechanisms, based on the petroleum geology and reservoir distribution, we studied the generation history of source rocks, the fault evolution and sealing, the accumulation periods and gas washing, and reconstructed the accumulation process of the TZ1-TZ4 well block. It is concluded that the hydrocarbon enrichment differences of oil layers CIII, CII and CI were caused by multiple sources and multi-period hydrocarbon charging and adjustment. The CII was closely related to CIII, but CI was formed by reservoir adjustment during the Yanshan period and was not affected by gas washing after it was formed. During the Himalayan period, different degrees of gas washing in the east and west led to hydrocarbon enrichment differences on the plane. The Carboniferous accumulation process of two-stage charging and one-stage adjustment is summarized： oil charging during the late Hercynian period is the first accumulation period of CIII and CII; oil reservoirs were adjusted into CI in the Yanshan period; finally gas washing in the Himalayan period is the second accumulation period of CIII and CII, but CI was not affected by gas washing. This complex accumulation process leads to the hydrocarbon enrichment differences in the TZ1-TZ4 well block.

关键词： Tarim basin enrichment difference multi-source and multi-period charging accumulation process

Influences of the basin Brines on Extractable Bitumen of Kupferschiefer from Southwestern Poland

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2000年第1期19卷 65-84页

作者：孙玉壮 basin and Reservoir Research center University of Petroleum Beijing China

A study of the influences of the basin brines on hydrocarbon generation of the Kupferschiefer in southwestern Poland has been carried out. The samples from the Konrad and Polkowice mines were analyzed by organic geochemical, microscopic and FTIR methods. The results indicate that organic matter of Kupferschiefer tends to decrease with the ascending, oxidizing brines. In the Konrad profile, the Kupferschiefer was strongly oxidized. The extract yields were depleted up to 50mg Ext/g C\-\{org\}. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography\|mass spectrometry (GC/MS) data indicate that the depletion occurred predominantly in saturated hydrocarbon compounds. The identified n\|alkanes in sample KD1 were depleted at least to 5000 μg/g C\-\{org\}. The aromatic compounds show a different trend of variation. The concentrations of phenanthrene+alkylphenanthrenes (Ph\|PAH) and naphthalene+alkylnaphthalenes (Na\|PAH) show a decrease, whereas sulfur polyaromatic hydrocarbons (S\|PAH) and oxygen polyaromatic hydrocarbons (O\|PAH) show an increase under the influences of oxidizing brines. In the Polkowice profile, organic matter under the influences of oxidizing fluids shows a similar trend of variation as in the Konrad mine. Analyses of polar compounds shed light on the oxidation processes at the molecule level. The dominant products of oxidation are aliphatic acid, alcohol and ester. FTIR results indicate that the oxidation of organic matter led to a decrease in aliphatic CH\-3 and an increase in C\|O, C=O bands.

关键词：碳氢化合物油气运移成矿流体气体层析法铜页岩

Influence of Salt Beds on the Segmentation of Structure and Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Qiulitag Structural Belt,Tarim basin,China

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2008年第2期19卷 162-173页

作者：范秋海吕修祥杨明慧谢会文 basin and Reservoir Research center China University of Petroleum Tarim Oil Company PetroChina

Seismic information and balanced profile technology were used to reveal the influence of the salt bed in segmentation of structure and hydrocarbon accumulation in Qiulitag structural belt in Tarim basin. From west to east, the shortening of strata above the salt beds gradually decreases, while, the shortening below the salt beds gradually increases, which shows that the segmentation of structure integrated the seismic profile. There is great difference of the deformation of strata below and above the salt beds between the west segment and the east segment. The analysis of the distribution of oil/gas fields and the hydrocarbon properties indicates the similar segmentation to the structure segmentation. The salt beds in relatively shallow layers change the stress condition from basement of Kuqa foreland basin, which leads to the segmentation of Qiulitag structural belt. Because the salt beds in the west segment came into being earlier than those in the east segment, the west segment captures hydrocarbon from two sets of source rock, while the east segment can only capture hydrocarbons from one set of source rock. So, the salt beds play an important role in the segmentation of structure and hydrocarbon accumulation.

关键词： Kuqa foreland basin Qiulitag structural belt salt bed segmentation hydrocarbon accumulation.

The Ductile Deformation Characteristics of Caledonian Intracontinental Orogeny in the Northeastern Jiangshan-Shaoxing Tectonic Zone:Insights from Magnetic Fabric Study and Its Geodynamic Implication

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第1期90卷 75-87页

作者： GONG Genhui CHEN Hanlin WANG Fang LIN Xiubin MENG Lifeng Departement of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Research center of Structures in Oil and Gas Bearing basin Ministry of Education

The Jiangshan-Shaoxing tectonic zone was the northeastern boundary between the Yangtze Block and the Cathaysia Block during the Neoproterozoic and was an intracontinental orogenic belt during late of the early Paleozoic. In this tectonic zone, there develops a lot of mylonite underwent strong ductile deformation and schist, gneiss, and amphibolite with medium and high grade metamorphism which was formed during the late of early Paleozoic. The research of geometry and kinematic of ductile deformation in Jiangshan-Shaoxing tectonic zone is very important to reveal the tectonic process of intracontinental orogeny. This paper uses the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility （AMS） to determine the ductile deformation geometry and kinematic of Jiangshan-Shaoxing tectonic zone combing with the field survey. In this study, 190 specimens of 19 locations and 221 specimens of 23 locations from Wangjiazhai section and Lipu-Sizhai section were analyzed. The magnetic foliation over magnetic lineation in both Wangjiazhai and Lipu-Sizhai sections together with the field observations indicated a compressional deformation pattern. 3 and 4 strong ductile deformation zones can be established in the Wangjiazhai section and the Lipu-Sizhai section, respectively. According to the magnetic fabric and petro-fabric studies, the Northeastern Jiangshan-Shaoxing tectonic zone suffered two kinds of deformation patterns during the late early Paleozoic, i.e., the thrusting deformation followed by sinistral shear deformation.

关键词： magnetic fabric ductile deformation deformation intensity deformation pattern Jiangshan-Shaoxing tectonic zone

Cloning and characterization of a FLORICAULA/LEAFY ortholog, PFL, in polygamous papaya

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Cell Research 2005年第8期15卷 576-584页

作者： Paul H. MOORE,Henrik H. ALBERT,Adrienne H.K. ROADER,Ray MING USDA-ARS Pacific basin Agricultural Research center Aiea HI 96701 USA USDA-ARS Pacific basin Agricultural Research center Aiea HI 96701 USA Section of Cell and Developmental Biology University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA Hawaii Agriculture Research center Aiea HI 96701 USA

The homologous genes FLORICAULA (FLO) in Antirrhinum and LEAFY (LFY) in Arabidopsis are known to regu- late the initiation of flowering in these two distantly related plant species. These genes are necessary also for the expression of downstream genes that control floral organ identity. We used Arabidopsis LFY cDNA as a probe to clone and sequence a papaya ortholog of LFY, PFL. It encodes a protein that shares 61% identity with the Arabidopsis LFY gene and 71% identity with the LFY homologs of the two woody tree species: California sycamore (Platanus racemosa) and black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa). Despite the high sequence similarity within two conserved regions, the N-terminal proline-rich motif in papaya PFL differs from other members in the family. This difference may not affect the gene function of papaya PFL, since an equally divergent but a functional LFY ortholog NEEDLY of Pinus radiata has been reported. Genomic and BAC Southern analyses indicated that there is only one copy of PFL in the papaya genome. In situ hybridization experiments demonstrated that PFL is expressed at a relatively low level in leaf primordia, but it is expressed at a high level in the floral meristem. Quantitative PCR analyses revealed that PFL was expressed in flower buds of all three sex types - male, female, and hermaphrodite with marginal difference between hermaphrodite and unisexual flowers. These data suggest that PFL may play a similar role as LFY in flower development and has limited effect on sex differentiation in papaya.

关键词： divergence floral meristem identity gene flower development gene expression molecular phylogeny.

Quantitative Analysis Model and Application of the Hydrocarbon Distribution Threshold

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第1期87卷 232-242页

作者： JIANG Fujie PANG Xiongqi GUO Jigang State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum basin and Reservoir Research center China University of Petroleum

Hydrocarbon source rock obviously controls the formation and distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Based on the geological concept of ＂source control theory＂, the concept of a hydrocarbon distribution threshold was put forward. This means the maximum range for hydrocarbon controlled by the source rock conditions to migrate in the hydrocarbon basins. Three quantitative analysis models are proposed on this basis, namely the hydrocarbon accumulation probability, maximum hydrocarbon scale threshold and reserve distribution probability, which respectively refer to the probability of forming a hydrocarbon reservoir, the possible maximum scale of the hydrocarbon reservoir and the percentage of reserve distribution in a certain area within the hydrocarbon distribution threshold. Statistical analysis on 539 hydrocarbon reservoirs discovered in 28 hydrocarbon source kitchens from seven sedimentary basins and sags of eastern China shows the maximum reservoir scale possibly formed in the hydrocarbon basin, hydrocarbon accumulation probability and oil and gas reserve distribution probability are all controlled by the characteristics of the hydrocarbon source rock. Generally, as the distances from the hydrocarbon source rock center and hydrocarbon discharge boundary get longer and the hydrocarbon discharge intensity of hydrocarbon source rock center gets smaller, there will be lower probability of hydrocarbon accumulation. Corresponding quantitative models are established based on single factor statistics and multivariate analysis. Practical application in the Jiyang Depression shows that the prediction from the quantitative analysis model for the hydrocarbon distribution threshold agree well with the actual exploration results, indicating that the quantitative analysis model is likely to be a feasible tool.

关键词： source control theory scale threshold distribution threshold Jiyang Depression,hydrocarbon discharge threshold probability

Distribution and Significance of Methyl Steranes in Bohai Bay basin, East China

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2002年第4期13卷 330-337页

作者： Li Sumei basin & Reservoir Research center, University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249 basin & Reservoir Research center University of Petroleum Beijing 102249

31 samples of shales and mudstones developed in reducing hypersaline andfreshwater setting and 20 oil samples of Bamianhe oilfield, Bohai Bay basin were collected for adetailed study of petroleum system. Composition and distribution, especially significance ofsteroids, are discussed as a part of those. Abundant steroidal biomarkers, including C_(27-29)regular Steranes, C_(28-30) 4-methyl steranes, di-nosteranes and aromatic steranes, were *** show that the composition and distribution of the steroids in samples studied are functionsof thermal maturity, organic source, paleoenvironment and lithology of potential source ***-rich Es_4 shales (brackish water) developed in the south slope of depocenter (Niuzhuang sag)were found particularly rich in steroidal biomarkers including C_(30) 4-methyl steranes anddinosteranes. Es_3 mudstones (fresh water) were found devoid of dinosteranes. Distribution patternsof regular steranes are completely different from methyl steranes indicating different origins ofthe specific compounds of the fractioa Diagnostic distribution of steranes in rock extracts ofdiverse intervals makes the compounds to be essential indictors of source-rock tracing. Methylsteranes prove to be much more useful in oil-source rock correlation than regular steranes. Resultsalso show that alga-rich Es_4 shales located in the south slope are not likely the primary sourcerock responsible for the oils discovered based on the composition and distribution of steroids.

关键词： biomarkers lacustrine sediments 4-methyl steranes dinosterane immature oils isom-erization oil-source correlation bohai bay basin

The characteristics of unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene and its significance in hydrocarbon migration in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar basin, Northwest China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2013年第2期32卷 181-190页

作者： GAO Xiaoyue LIU Luofu WANG Ying JIANG Zhenxue LIU Guodong SHANG Xiaoqing State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum (Beijing) basin and Reservoir Research center China University of Petroleum (Beijing)

The unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene, located in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar basin, Northwest China, is one of the most important hydrocarbon migration pathways and characterized by 3 layers of upper coarse clastic rock, lower weathering crust and leached zone. The upper coarse clastic rock displays features of higher density, lower SDT and gamma-ray logging while the weathering crust in the lower part displays opposite features. The formation water is of NaHCO 3 type but at lower mineralization degree. The QGF indices are generally between 2.19 and 3.77 and the GOI parameters vary from 1% to 5%. From the southeast to the northwest of the sag, the content of saturated hydrocarbon increases from 30.81% to 53.74% while that of non-hydrocarbon and asphaltene decreases. The Pr/nC 17 decreases from 0.65 to 0.47 while the Ph/nC 18 decreases from 0.66 to 0.27, and the content of benzo[c] carbazole declines while the benzo[a] carbazole amount and (alkyl carbazole)/(alkyl+benzo carbazole) ratio both increase. These revealed that the hydrocarbons migrated from the sag to the ramp region along the unconformity surface.

关键词：中国西北地区油气运移通道准噶尔盆地不整合面古近系凹陷底部苯并咔唑

A pre-Paleogene unconformity surface of the Sikeshu Sag, Junggar basin: Lithological, geophysical and geochemical implications for the transportation of hydrocarbons

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第6期4卷 779-786页

作者： Xiaoyue Gao Luofu Liu Zhenxue Jiang Xiaoqing Shang Guodong Liu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum (Beijing) basin and Reservoir Research center China University of Petroleum (Beijing)

The unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene is one of the most important migration pathways in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar basin,which consists of three layers：upper coarse clastic rock,lower weathering crust and leached *** upper coarse clastic rock is characterized by higher density and lower SDT and gamma-ray logging parameters,while the lower weathering crust displays opposite *** transport coefficient of the unconformity surface is controlled by its position in respect to the basal sandstone; it is higher in the ramp region but lower in the adjacent uplifted and sag *** content of saturated hydrocarbons increases with the decrease of the content of nonhydrocarbons and *** content of benzo[c] carbazole decreases as the content of benzo[a]carbazole and [alkyl carbazole]/[alkyl ＋ benzo carbazole] *** suggests that the unconformity surface is an efficient medium for the transportation of hydrocarbons.

关键词： Transportation and accumulation of hydrocarbons Lithology Rock density SDT and gamma-ray logging Benzo carbazole Alkyl carbazole