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Influence of Salt Beds on the Segmentation of Structure and Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Qiulitag Structural Belt,Tarim basin,China

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2008年第2期19卷 162-173页

作者：范秋海吕修祥杨明慧谢会文 basin and reservoir research center China University of Petroleum Tarim Oil Company PetroChina

Seismic information and balanced profile technology were used to reveal the influence of the salt bed in segmentation of structure and hydrocarbon accumulation in Qiulitag structural belt in Tarim basin. From west to east, the shortening of strata above the salt beds gradually decreases, while, the shortening below the salt beds gradually increases, which shows that the segmentation of structure integrated the seismic profile. There is great difference of the deformation of strata below and above the salt beds between the west segment and the east segment. The analysis of the distribution of oil/gas fields and the hydrocarbon properties indicates the similar segmentation to the structure segmentation. The salt beds in relatively shallow layers change the stress condition from basement of Kuqa foreland basin, which leads to the segmentation of Qiulitag structural belt. Because the salt beds in the west segment came into being earlier than those in the east segment, the west segment captures hydrocarbon from two sets of source rock, while the east segment can only capture hydrocarbons from one set of source rock. So, the salt beds play an important role in the segmentation of structure and hydrocarbon accumulation.

关键词： Kuqa foreland basin Qiulitag structural belt salt bed segmentation hydrocarbon accumulation.

Distribution and Significance of Methyl Steranes in Bohai Bay basin, East China

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2002年第4期13卷 330-337页

作者： Li Sumei basin & reservoir research center, University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249 basin & reservoir research center University of Petroleum Beijing 102249

31 samples of shales and mudstones developed in reducing hypersaline andfreshwater setting and 20 oil samples of Bamianhe oilfield, Bohai Bay basin were collected for adetailed study of petroleum system. Composition and distribution, especially significance ofsteroids, are discussed as a part of those. Abundant steroidal biomarkers, including C_(27-29)regular Steranes, C_(28-30) 4-methyl steranes, di-nosteranes and aromatic steranes, were *** show that the composition and distribution of the steroids in samples studied are functionsof thermal maturity, organic source, paleoenvironment and lithology of potential source ***-rich Es_4 shales (brackish water) developed in the south slope of depocenter (Niuzhuang sag)were found particularly rich in steroidal biomarkers including C_(30) 4-methyl steranes anddinosteranes. Es_3 mudstones (fresh water) were found devoid of dinosteranes. Distribution patternsof regular steranes are completely different from methyl steranes indicating different origins ofthe specific compounds of the fractioa Diagnostic distribution of steranes in rock extracts ofdiverse intervals makes the compounds to be essential indictors of source-rock tracing. Methylsteranes prove to be much more useful in oil-source rock correlation than regular steranes. Resultsalso show that alga-rich Es_4 shales located in the south slope are not likely the primary sourcerock responsible for the oils discovered based on the composition and distribution of steroids.

关键词： biomarkers lacustrine sediments 4-methyl steranes dinosterane immature oils isom-erization oil-source correlation bohai bay basin

Quantitative Analysis Model and Application of the Hydrocarbon Distribution Threshold

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第1期87卷 232-242页

作者： JIANG Fujie PANG Xiongqi GUO Jigang State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum basin and reservoir research center China University of Petroleum

Hydrocarbon source rock obviously controls the formation and distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Based on the geological concept of ＂source control theory＂, the concept of a hydrocarbon distribution threshold was put forward. This means the maximum range for hydrocarbon controlled by the source rock conditions to migrate in the hydrocarbon basins. Three quantitative analysis models are proposed on this basis, namely the hydrocarbon accumulation probability, maximum hydrocarbon scale threshold and reserve distribution probability, which respectively refer to the probability of forming a hydrocarbon reservoir, the possible maximum scale of the hydrocarbon reservoir and the percentage of reserve distribution in a certain area within the hydrocarbon distribution threshold. Statistical analysis on 539 hydrocarbon reservoirs discovered in 28 hydrocarbon source kitchens from seven sedimentary basins and sags of eastern China shows the maximum reservoir scale possibly formed in the hydrocarbon basin, hydrocarbon accumulation probability and oil and gas reserve distribution probability are all controlled by the characteristics of the hydrocarbon source rock. Generally, as the distances from the hydrocarbon source rock center and hydrocarbon discharge boundary get longer and the hydrocarbon discharge intensity of hydrocarbon source rock center gets smaller, there will be lower probability of hydrocarbon accumulation. Corresponding quantitative models are established based on single factor statistics and multivariate analysis. Practical application in the Jiyang Depression shows that the prediction from the quantitative analysis model for the hydrocarbon distribution threshold agree well with the actual exploration results, indicating that the quantitative analysis model is likely to be a feasible tool.

关键词： source control theory scale threshold distribution threshold Jiyang Depression,hydrocarbon discharge threshold probability

The characteristics of unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene and its significance in hydrocarbon migration in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar basin, Northwest China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2013年第2期32卷 181-190页

作者： GAO Xiaoyue LIU Luofu WANG Ying JIANG Zhenxue LIU Guodong SHANG Xiaoqing State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum (Beijing) basin and reservoir research center China University of Petroleum (Beijing)

The unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene, located in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar basin, Northwest China, is one of the most important hydrocarbon migration pathways and characterized by 3 layers of upper coarse clastic rock, lower weathering crust and leached zone. The upper coarse clastic rock displays features of higher density, lower SDT and gamma-ray logging while the weathering crust in the lower part displays opposite features. The formation water is of NaHCO 3 type but at lower mineralization degree. The QGF indices are generally between 2.19 and 3.77 and the GOI parameters vary from 1% to 5%. From the southeast to the northwest of the sag, the content of saturated hydrocarbon increases from 30.81% to 53.74% while that of non-hydrocarbon and asphaltene decreases. The Pr/nC 17 decreases from 0.65 to 0.47 while the Ph/nC 18 decreases from 0.66 to 0.27, and the content of benzo[c] carbazole declines while the benzo[a] carbazole amount and (alkyl carbazole)/(alkyl+benzo carbazole) ratio both increase. These revealed that the hydrocarbons migrated from the sag to the ramp region along the unconformity surface.

关键词：中国西北地区油气运移通道准噶尔盆地不整合面古近系凹陷底部苯并咔唑

A pre-Paleogene unconformity surface of the Sikeshu Sag, Junggar basin: Lithological, geophysical and geochemical implications for the transportation of hydrocarbons

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第6期4卷 779-786页

作者： Xiaoyue Gao Luofu Liu Zhenxue Jiang Xiaoqing Shang Guodong Liu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum (Beijing) basin and reservoir research center China University of Petroleum (Beijing)

The unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene is one of the most important migration pathways in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar basin,which consists of three layers：upper coarse clastic rock,lower weathering crust and leached *** upper coarse clastic rock is characterized by higher density and lower SDT and gamma-ray logging parameters,while the lower weathering crust displays opposite *** transport coefficient of the unconformity surface is controlled by its position in respect to the basal sandstone; it is higher in the ramp region but lower in the adjacent uplifted and sag *** content of saturated hydrocarbons increases with the decrease of the content of nonhydrocarbons and *** content of benzo[c] carbazole decreases as the content of benzo[a]carbazole and [alkyl carbazole]/[alkyl ＋ benzo carbazole] *** suggests that the unconformity surface is an efficient medium for the transportation of hydrocarbons.

关键词： Transportation and accumulation of hydrocarbons Lithology Rock density SDT and gamma-ray logging Benzo carbazole Alkyl carbazole

Hydrocarbon accumulation and distribution in lower Paleozoic carbonates in Tarim basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2000年第5期43卷 501-506页

作者：吕修祥金之钧皮学军李启明 basin and reservoir research center University of Petroleum Beijing 102200 China Exploration and Development research center Tarim Petroleum Exploration and Development Bureau Kuerle 841000 China

Carbonates are the main exploratory layers in Tarim Paleozoic cratonic basin. With abundant oil and gas sources, the lower Paleozoic carbonate in which traps develop over a large area and at a high amplitude, has the basic condition to form large oil and (or) gas fields. Three types of petroleum accumulation models, which consist of buried-hill petroleum accumulation in the high part of the uplift, inner structure petroleum accumulation in the pitching part of the uplift and fault horst petroleum accumulation on the border of the uplift, are found in the lower Paleozoic carbonates. Petroleum occurrence is mainly controlled by paleo-uplift, fault, unconformity and fracture system. The pitching part of the paleo-uplift and the fault belts on the paleo-uplift are the favorable exploratory areas.

关键词： carbonate petroleum accumulation lower Paleozoic Tarim basin.

Petroleum geology features and research developments of hydrocarbon accumulation in deep petroliferous basins

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Petroleum Science 2015年第1期12卷 1-53页

作者： Xiong-Qi Pang Cheng-Zao Jia Wen-Yang Wang State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting basin and reservoir research center China University of Petroleum Petro China Company Limited research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development

As petroleum exploration advances and as most of the oil-gas reservoirs in shallow layers have been explored, petroleum exploration starts to move toward deep basins, which has become an inevitable choice. In this paper, the petroleum geology features and research progress on oil-gas reservoirs in deep petroliferous basins across the world are characterized by using the latest results of worldwide deep petroleum exploration. research has demonstrated that the deep petroleum shows ten major geological features. （1） While oil-gas reservoirs have been discovered in many different types of deep petroliferous basins, most have been discovered in low heat flux deep basins. （2） Many types of petroliferous traps are developed in deep basins, and tight oil-gas reservoirs in deep basin traps are arousing increasing attention. （3） Deep petroleum normally has more natural gas than liquid oil, and the natural gas ratio increases with the burial depth. （4） The residual organic matter in deep source rocks reduces but the hydrocarbon expulsion rate and efficiency increase with the burial depth. （5） There are many types of rocks in deep hydrocarbon reservoirs, and most are clastic rocks and carbonates. （6） The age of deep hydrocarbon reservoirs is widely different, but those recently discovered are pre- dominantly Paleogene and Upper Paleozoic. （7） The porosity and permeability of deep hydrocarbon reservoirs differ widely, but they vary in a regular way with lithology and burial depth. （8） The temperatures of deep oil-gas reservoirs are widely different, but they typically vary with the burial depth and basin geothermal gradient. （9） The pressures of deep oil-gas reservoirs differ significantly, but they typically vary with burial depth, genesis, and evolu- tion period. （10） Deep oil-gas reservoirs may exist with or without a cap, and those without a cap are typically of unconventional genesis. Over the past decade, six major steps have been made in the understanding of deep hydroca

关键词： Petroliferous basin Deep petroleum geology features Hydrocarbon accumulation Petroleum exploration Petroleum resources

Fault Systems and Their Mechanisms of the Formation and Distribution of the Tarim basin,NW China

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Journal of Earth Science 2014年第1期25卷 169-182页

作者： Liangjie Tang Taizhu Huang Haijun Qiu Guimei Wan Meng Li Yong Yang Daqing Xie Gang Chen State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum basin & reservoir research center China University of Petroleum Northwest Oilfield Company SINOPEC Oil and Gas Resources Strategic research center

This article aims to analyze the main controlling factors of development, distribution and evolution of the fault systems in the Tarim basin. Based on the seismic profile interpretation, compre- hensive analysis of the drilling and geologic data, six fault systems maybe recognized in the Tarim basin, they are the foreland fault system of the South Tianshan Mountain, the northern Tarim uplift fault sys- tem, North Tarim depression fault system, central fault system, Southwest Tarim fault system, and Southeast Tarim fault system. It is indicated that the main differences exist at the development, evolu- tion and distribution of the fault systems in the Tarim basin. The sub-fault systems can be recognized according to the differences of the fault development and distribution in the interior of the fault system. It is characterized that the multi-level differential development and distribution of the fault systems ex- ist in the Tarim basin. The fault belt developed in the Paleozoic strata mainly distribute at the pa- leo-uplift and paleo-slope in the interior of the Tarim basin, and the fault belt occurred in the Meso-Cenozoic beds mainly develop at the peripheral foreland depressions. Zonal and segment differ- ential development and distribution of the fault systems also exist in the Tarim basin. The formation and distribution of the Tarim fault systems is of complex controlling mechanisms. Poly-phase structural movement and tectonic transition controls the multi-phase differential development and distribution of the fault systems in the Tarim basin. Multi-level differential development and distribution is controlled by multi-level detachment belt and regional unconformities. Zonal and segment differential develop- ment and distribution of the Tarim fault systems maybe controlled by pre-existed basement structural texture. The major direction of the fault systems in the Tarim basin is controlled by the later stage basin-mountain coupling.

关键词： fault system differential tectonic movement detachment belt geodynamic mechanism Tarim basin.

Depositional Environment of Es_4~u and Es_3~l Shales Based on Biomarkers from the Boxing Sag of Dongying Depression, East China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第5期88卷 1556-1564页

作者： WANG Ying LIU Luofu MENG Jianghui JIANG Zhenxue GAO Yongjin LIU Shuhui State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum basin and reservoir research center China University of Petroleum research Institute of Geological Science Shengli Oilfield Company Limited

The Boxing Sag is located in the southwest of Dongying Depression, southern Bohai Bay basin of East China. It is one of the main petroliferous sags in the Dongying Depression, and has two major source rocks, namely the upper 4th Member （Es4u） and lower 3rd Member （Es31） shales of Eocene Shahejie Formation, which are the new exploration targets in recent years. In this study, 16 core samples were collected from Es4u and Es31 shales in the Boxing Sag, and the saturate hydrocarbons were analyzed by gas chromatography （GC） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）, respectively. The results show that Es4u shale has obvious phytane and gammacerane predominance, higher concentration of tricyclic terpanes and regular steranes, and very low concentration of 4- methly steranes; Es31 shale has pristane predominance, lower concentration of tricyclic terpanes, gammacerane and regular steranes, and higher concentration of 4-methly steranes. The Es4u shale can be further divided into two types based on the distribution of n-alkanes in gas chromatograms： normal distribution and double peak pattern. The biomarker characteristics and sedimentary facies distribution show that Es4u shale was deposited in the saline-hypersaline semi-deep （Type A Es4u shale, sag center） to shallow （Type B Es4u shale, sag edge） lacustrine environments, Es31 shale was deposited in the freshwater-brackish semi-deep-deep lacustrine environments, and the former sedimentary facies maps of Es4u and Es31 in the Boxing Sag are further modified.

关键词： biomarker lacustrine environment shale Shahejie Formation Boxing Sag Dongying Depression