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Nipah Virus Unveiled: A Review Article

Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 161-173页

作者： Munama Magdum Md. Abir Tazim Chowdhury Mahmuda Khandaker Razdip Datta Md. Naheed Rayhan Md. Siffat Uddin Md. Junayed Imam Bhuiyan Md. Ahaduzzaman Md. Abdullah Al-Mahammud Kabir Mohammad Zishan Uddin Md. Estiak Ullah Sahid Subrata Saha Department of Community Medicine Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Evercare Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Microbiology Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Anesthesia Dhaka Dental College & Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia Evercare Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Medicine Times Multicare Hospital Ltd. Dhaka Bangladesh barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust Romford UK

Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly infectious zoonotic pathogen that poses a significant threat to human and animal health. First identified in Malaysia in 1998, NiV has since caused several outbreaks in Southeast Asia, with sporadic cases reported in Bangladesh and India. The virus is primarily transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected animals, primarily fruit bats, or through the consumption of contaminated fruits and their juices. NiV infection presents a wide spectrum of clinical features, ranging from mild respiratory illness to severe encephalitis, with a high case fatality rate. The incubation period typically ranges from 4 to 14 days, during which patients develop fever, headache, myalgia, and respiratory symptoms such as cough and sore throat. As the disease progresses, neurological signs become prominent, including altered consciousness, seizures, and focal deficits. Severe cases may exhibit acute respiratory distress syndrome and multi organ failure. Laboratory findings often include lymphocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated liver enzymes. Diagnosis of NiV infection requires specialized laboratory testing, including reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and serological assays. Currently, no specific antiviral treatment exists for NiV infection, and management primarily focuses on supportive care. Prevention and control strategies encompass public health interventions, surveillance, and raising awareness among healthcare providers and the general population. The emergence and re-emergence of NiV highlight the urgent need for continued research, improved diagnostic capabilities, and the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics to mitigate the impact of this deadly virus.

关键词： Nipah Virus Zoonotic Pathogen Outbreaks Surveillance

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Computed Tomographic Angiography as the First Diagnostic Tool in the Evaluation of Patients with Acute Limb Ischaemia: A Narrative Review

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2022年第4期12卷 195-207页

作者： Jelena Pavlovica Attavar Srilekha Manchester university nhs Foundation trust Manchester UK barking havering and redbridge nhs university trust London UK

The rising number of patients with acute limb ischemia (ALI) brings the question if there is an opportunity to make a diagnosis safely and accurately. The current “gold standard” for diagnosis is digital subtraction angiography (DSA). However, current times show that computed tomography angiogram (CTA) builds popularity among doctors working in vascular surgery departments. The aim of this study is to collect evidence of the use of CTA for the assessment of patients with ALI and compare it to the “gold standard” (DSA). Methodology: This is a narrative synthesis, the search of 4 databases is done for relevant articles within a period from 2000 to 2021. Information extracted will be compared to leading guidelines for ALI published in 2 recent reviews by the American College of Radiology and the European Society for Vascular Surgery. Results: In total 48 articles were obtained: reviews (n = 13), studies (n = 4) and case reports (n = 31). Case reports were excluded from the study. CTA has multiple benefits, which can be put into 4 different groups: availability and accessibility, accuracy, affordability and additional information. Further disadvantages and similarities were discussed in 2 separate groups. Conclusion: The use of CTA in patients with ALI has a notable advantage in all 4 categories (availability, accuracy, affordability, and additional information). Disadvantages and similarities between CTA and DSA, do not vary and do not significantly affect the end decision. This makes CTA a valid tool as the first step in the assessment of the patient with ALI.

关键词： Acute Limb Ischaemia Computed Tomography

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A Modified Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS): Use and Surgical Outcome in Breast Cancer Patients

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2018年第3期6卷 15-25页

作者： Tajudeen A.Wahab Hanna Uwakwe Maher Jumah Rilwan Aransi Humayun Kabir Khan Elm Breast Care Centre BarkingHavering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS TrustKing George HospitalLondonUK

Background: ERAS protocols are perioperative interventions aimed at reducing postoperative complications, length of hospital stay (LOS) and early return to normal activities. This has improved outcome in many surgical specialties, including breast surgery. We present the surgical outcome of breast cancer (BC) patients treated over a 12-month period following the principle of ERAS protocols and highlight the underpinning evidence. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all BC patients diagnosed and had breast cancer surgery over 12 months. Data collected included patient’s demographics, type of surgery, LOS, other perioperative care and significant postoperative complications. Excluded were patients with bilateral cancer surgeries, diagnostic excision, margin clearance or breast reconstruction. Results: There were 621 BC diagnosed including 5 male and 12 bilateral female BC. The ages ranged from 25 to 93 years. Excluding bilateral BC, 351 patients (70.2 %) had breast conserving surgery (BCS) while 149 (29.8%) patients had mastectomy as index cancer surgery. Sixteen (4.5%) of the women who initially underwent BCS subsequently had a completion mastectomy. The overall rate of successful BCS was 335/500 (67%). 441 (85.5%) of patients were discharged same or next day. 12 (7.2%) cases of postoperative haematoma, 6 cases of wound infection and a case of seroma requiring surgical/radiological drainage recorded. Conclusion: ERAS protocol in BC surgery is associated with decreased LOS and low complication rate. Delayed discharges are mostly due to adverse social factors and medical comorbidity rather than post-operative surgical complications.

关键词： ERAS^(■) Breast Cancer Surgical Outcome

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Incidental bilateral ovarian paraganglioma of uterine fibroid with widespread adenomyosis: A case report

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2022年第4期2卷 208-210页

作者： Zaibun Nisa Dhafir Al-Okati Olugbenga DurosholaDeepali Bhatte BarkingHavering and Redbridge NHS TrustLondonUK

Dear editor,Ovarian paragangliomas are rare tumours and are usually *** of the cases are associated with dermoid cyst of ***,functional paragangliomas1 and paragangliomas leading to peritoneal carcinomatosis are also known in literature.2 Due to the varied behaviour of these tumours,correlation with biochemical markers and long term follow up are *** this study,we present a lady in her 60's with recent onset of postmenopausal *** completed her cervical smears till date and had two children by vaginal *** past medical history includes hypertension and is on Candesartan for the *** also has type 2 diabetes and is diet *** is a non-smoker and consumes alcohol very occasionally.

关键词： behaviour rare alcohol

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Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound Guided Vacuum-Assisted Excision of Fibroadenomas: A Systematic Review

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Open Journal of Radiology 2017年第2期7卷 95-102页

作者： Tajudeen A. Wahab Botond K. Szabó Maher Jumah Dalia Elfadl Kasim Behranwala Inga Chen Elm Breast Care Centre Department of Surgery King George Hospital Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust London England Elm Breast Care Centre Department of Radiology King George Hospital Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust London England Department of Surgery Wycombe Hospital High Wycombe England

Background: Ultrasound-guided, vacuum-assisted excision [UGVAE] of fibroadenomas is an emerging minimally invasive procedure. UGVAE is being increasingly employed by breast radiologists and surgeons. It has been approved for this use since 2006 by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence in the UK. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this procedure based on the up to date available evidence. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of the Cochrane library, Medline, Embase, PubMed, Google scholar, Trip-database, Internet, and the reference lists of relevant articles was performed. We searched for literature with sizeable cases of therapeutic vacuum-assisted excision of fibroadenomas. All prospective studies with more than 20 study participants were screened. The study quality was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation [GRADE] approach. All were in English. Results: Of the four case series that fulfilled the inclusion criteria there were 516 patients in which 520 procedures were performed. Overall complete excision rate was 89.4%. In two of the studies, this was 100% when the lesions were less than 1.5 cm but reduced to 61% when between 1.5 and 2 cm. Most common significant complication was bleeding with 2 cases of pneumothorax. None of the studies can be regarded as high quality going by GRADE approach. Conclusion: Within the limit of the current published case series, UGVAE appears to be an effective and safe procedure for excision of small fibroadenomas of less than 15 mm in size. A well designed case control study or randomized controlled trials with a sufficient sample size is needed to further assess its safety, effectiveness and more importantly, patients’ satisfaction especially in larger sized fibroadenomas.

关键词： Ultrasound-Guided Vacuum-Assisted Excision Benign Breast Disease Fibroadenoma

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Effect of clonidine on the cutaneous silent period during spinal anesthesia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2018年第16期6卷 1136-1145页

作者： Sandra Graf Zupcic Miroslav Zupcic Viktor Duzel Tatjana imurina Milan Miloevi Silvio Basic Vladimira Vuletic Leonardo Kapural Clinic of Neurology Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka Faculty of Medicine J.J.Strossmayer University Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka Faculty of Medicine University of Rijeka Department of Anaesthesia Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust Department of Health Studies university of Zadar Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine General Hospital Zadar university of Zagreb School of Medicine Andrija Stampar School of Public Health WHO Collaborative Centre for Occupational Health Department of Neurology Clinical Hospital Dubrava Center for Clinical Research Winston Salem

AIM To investigate the effect of clonidine on the cutaneous silent period(CSP) during spinal anesthesia. METHODS A total of 67 adult patients were included in this randomized, prospective, single-center, double-blind trial. They did not have neurological disorders and were scheduled for inguinal hernia repair surgery. This trial was registered on ***(NTC03121261). The patients were randomized into two groups with regards to the intrathecally administered solution:(1) 15 mg of 0.5% levobupivacaine with 50 μg of 0.015% clonidine, or(2) 15 mg of 0.5% levobupivacaine alone. There were 34 patients in the levobupivacaine-clonidine(LC) group and 33 patients in the levobupivacaine(L) group. CSP and its latency were measured four times: prior to the subarachnoid block(SAB), after motor block regression to the 0 level of the Bromage scale, with ongoing sensory blockade, and both 6 and 24 h after *** Only data from 30 patients in each group were analyzed. There were no significant differences between the groups investigated preoperatively and after 24 h. The CSP of the L group at the time point when the Bromage scale was 0 was 44.8 ± 8.1 ms, while in the LC group it measured 40.2 ± 3.8 ms(P = 0.007). The latency in the L group at the time point when the Bromage scale was 0 was 130.3 ± 10.2 ms, and in the LC group it was 144.7 ± 8.3 ms(P < 0.001). The CSP of the L group after 6 h was 59.6 ± 9.8 ms, while in the LC group it was 44.5 ± 5.0 ms(P < 0.001). The latency in the L group after 6 h was 110.4 ± 10.6 ms, while in LC group it was 132.3 ± 9.7 ms(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION Intrathecal addition of clonidine to levobupivacaine for SAB in comparison with levobupivacaine alone resultsin a diminished inhibitory tonus and shortened CSP.

关键词： Clonidine Local anesthetics Nerve fibers Spinal anesthesia Reflex

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Corrigendum to“Incidental bilateral ovarian paraganglioma of uterine fibroid with widespread adenomyosis:A case report”[Gynecol Obstet Clin Med 2(4)(2022)208–210]

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2023年第1期3卷 70-70页

作者： Zaibun Nisa Dhafir Al-Okati Olugbenga Duroshola Deepali Bhatte barking Havering and Redbridge NHS TrustLondonUK

The authors regret having a mistake in the article title‘Incidental bilateral ovarian paraganglioma of uterine fibroid with widespread adenomyosis:A case report’and change it to‘Incidental bilateral ovarian paraganglioma in the background of uterine fibroid and widespread adenomyosis:A case report’.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

关键词： widespread convenience bilateral

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Meatoplasty: A novel technique and minireview

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2016年第3期6卷 50-53页

作者： Todd Kanzara Jagdeep S Virk Anthony O Owa ENT Department Queen’s Hospital Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust

We describe a modified aural meatoplasty technique. The technique has been mainly used for mastoid surgery but it may also be used to address other causes of meatal stenosis. It involves removing most of the cartilage in the conchal bowl and soft tissue in the external auditory meatus. Cartilage from the helical root may also be sacrificed as part of this procedure. Our technique produces an excellent cosmetic result and an adequate meatoplasty which is easy to monitor in the outpatient setting.

关键词： Meatoplasty Cartilage Reconstruction Mastoid Conchal bowl

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The role of temporary mechanical circulatory support in de novo heart failure syndromes with cardiogenic shock:A contemporary review

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2023年第2期3卷 89-103页

作者： Stavros Eftychiou Antonis Kalakoutas Alastair Proudfoot Barts Health nhs trust London E11FRUK barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS TrustRomford RM70AGUK Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry London E12ADUK Department of Perioperative Medicine Barts Heart CentreSt Bartholomew’s HospitalLondon EC1A 7BEUK Queen Mary university of London London EC1M 6BQUK Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care German Heart Centre BerlinBerlin 13353Germany

Cardiogenic shock(CS)is a complex clinical syndrome with a high mortality *** can occur to due to multiple etiologies of cardiovascular disease and is phenotypically *** myocardial infarction-related CS(AMI-CS)has historically been the most prevalent cause,and thus,research and guidance have focused primarily on *** data suggest that the burden of non-ischemic CS is increasing in the population of patents requiring intensive care *** is,however,a paucity of data and guidelines to inform the management of these patients who fall into two broad groups:those with existing heart failure and CS and those with no known history of heart failure who present with"de novo"*** use of temporary mechanical circulatory support(MCS)has expanded across all etiologies,despite its high cost,resource intensity,complication rates,and lack of high-quality outcome ***,we discuss the currently available evidence on the role of MCS in the management of patients with de novo CS to include fulminant myocarditis,right ventricular(RV)failure,Takotsubo syndrome,post-partum cardiomyopathy,and CS due to valve lesions and other cardiomyopathies.

关键词： Cardiogenic shock Heart failure Critical care Mechanical circulatory support Takotsubo cardiomyopathy Peripartum cardiomyopathy

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病人付费增加了中国医疗体制面临的挑战

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英国医学杂志中文版 2006年第5期9卷 316-316页

作者： Saroj A Jayasinghe 罗丹（译） barking Havering and Redbridge Hospitals NHS Trust Romford RM7 0BE （美国）不详

编辑：你好。刘涛的述评（见本刊2006，4期，200页）在病人零付费问题上没有充分考虑医疗保健的政策选择问题。中国先前的情况表明，如需自己支付医药费，病人会减少看病次数，随之导致人民生活质量更差，现在的证据证实了这一点。在中... 详细信息

编辑：你好。刘涛的述评（见本刊2006，4期，200页）在病人零付费问题上没有充分考虑医疗保健的政策选择问题。中国先前的情况表明，如需自己支付医药费，病人会减少看病次数，随之导致人民生活质量更差，现在的证据证实了这一点。在中国，老年人40％不看病和75％不住院的原因是由于医疗费用（病人付费）。另外，有人指出病人付费导致医疗不公平现象更加严重。进一步危害包括拖延老年病人病情造成人为的花费，以及延误治疗以增加长期的治疗费用。

关键词：病人付费医疗体制中国医疗保健生活质量医疗费用老年病人治疗费用

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