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Simulation of high-frequency gravitational wave detection using modulated Gaussian beam

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Chinese Physics C 2023年第10期47卷 249-256页

作者：吴鸣军李瑾蒋青权 Department of physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Department of Physics and Chongqing Key laboratory for Strongly Coupled Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China School of Physics and Astronomy China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637009China

This paper investigates the feasibility of using a Li-baker detector based on a modulated Gaussian beam to detect gravitational waves in the GHz *** first-order perturbation photon fluxes(PPF,signal of the detector)and the background photon fluxes(BPF,main noise of the detector),which vary with time,and the transverse distance are *** results show that their propagation directions and energy densities are much different in some *** from BPF,we also consider two other important noises:diffraction noise and shot *** the simulation,it is found that the diffraction noise and shot noise are both lower than the signal ***,the main noise(BPF)can be eliminated when the receiving screen is located in certain special transverse areas where the BPF direction is opposite to that of ***,the signal to noise ratio(SNR)obtained using our detection method can reach up to 320 in some transverse *** results are beneficial for the design of the Li-baker detector.

关键词： high-frequency gravitational waves(HFGWs) transverse perturbative photon flux(PPF) background photons flux(BPF) shot noise diffraction noise

Disrupted Ca^(2+) h homeostasis and immunodeficiency in patients with functional IP_(3) receptor subtype 3 defects

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第1期20卷 11-25页

作者： Julika Neumann Erika Van Nieuwenhove Lara E.Terry Frederik Staels Taylor R.Knebel Kirsten Welkenhuyzen Kourosh Ahmadzadeh Mariah R.baker Margaux Gerbaux Mathijs Willemsen John S.Barber Irina I.Serysheva Liesbeth De Waele François Vermeulen Susan Schlenner Isabelle Meyts David IYule Geert Bultynck Rik Schrijvers Stephanie Humblet-Baron Adrian Liston VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research LeuvenBelgium Department of Microbiology and Immunology KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium UZ Leuven LeuvenBelgium Department of Pharmacology and Physiology University of RochesterRochesterNY14526USA laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineLeuven KankerinstituutKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium laboratory of Immunobiology Department Microbiology and ImmunologyRega InstituteKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Structural Biology Imaging CenterMcGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX77030USA Pediatric Department Academic Children Hospital Queen FabiolaUniversitéLibre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium Department of Pediatric Neurology University Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Department of Pulmonology University Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium laboratory for Allergy and Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetics Research Group Department of MicrobiologyImmunology and TransplantationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Immunology Programme The Babraham InstituteBabraham Research CampusCambridgeCB223ATUK

Calcium signaling is essential for lymphocyte activation, with genetic disruptions of store-operated calcium (Ca^(2+)) entry resulting in severe immunodeficiency. The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP_(3)R), a homo- or heterotetramer of the IP_(3)R1-3 isoforms, amplifies lymphocyte signaling by releasing Ca^(2+) from endoplasmic reticulum stores following antigen stimulation. Although knockout of all IP_(3)R isoforms in mice causes immunodeficiency, the seeming redundancy of the isoforms is thought to explain the absence of variants in human immunodeficiency. In this study, we identified compound heterozygous variants of ITPR3 (a gene encoding IP_(3)R subtype 3) in two unrelated Caucasian patients presenting with immunodeficiency. To determine whether ITPR3 variants act in a nonredundant manner and disrupt human immune responses, we characterized the Ca^(2+) signaling capacity, the lymphocyte response, and the clinical phenotype of these patients. We observed disrupted Ca^(2+) signaling in patient-derived fibroblasts and immune cells, with abnormal proliferation and activation responses following T-cell receptor stimulation. Reconstitution of IP_(3)R3 in IP_(3)R knockout cell lines led to the identification of variants as functional hypomorphs that showed reduced ability to discriminate between homeostatic and induced states, validating a genotype–phenotype link. These results demonstrate a functional link between defective endoplasmic reticulum Ca^(2+) channels and immunodeficiency and identify IP_(3)Rs as diagnostic targets for patients with specific inborn errors of immunity. These results also extend the known cause of Ca^(2+)-associated immunodeficiency from store-operated entry to impaired Ca^(2+) mobilization from the endoplasmic reticulum, revealing a broad sensitivity of lymphocytes to genetic defects in Ca^(2+) signaling.

关键词： Primary immunodeficiency Calcium signalling Whole exome sequencing

Evaluation of a Metabolic Cotton Seedling Emergence Model

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1727-1733页

作者： Dennis C. Gitz III Jeffrey T. baker James R. Mahan Cropping Systems Research laboratory United States Department of Agriculture* Lubbock USA

A model for cotton seedling emergence (MaGi) based on malate synthase kinetics was evaluated. Cotton seeds were planted through the early spring and into typical planting times for the areas. Soil temperatures at seed depth were used as inputs into MaGi and a commonly used seedling emergence model based on heat unit accumulation (DD60). Time to 50% emergence was calculated and compared with predicted emergence using MaGi and DD60. MaGi yielded predictive capability without the need to resort to lengthy experimentation required by traditional methods. The results suggest that a physiological or semi-empirical approach incorporating both enzyme kinetics and whole plant temperature responses would be useful for rapidly constructing seedling emergence models.

关键词： Cotton Seed Emergence Degree Day Crop Model

Canopy Light Interception of a Conventional and an Erect Leafed Sorghum

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第16期6卷 2576-2584页

作者： Dennis C. Gitz III Zhanguo Xin Jeffrey T. baker Robert J. Lascano John J. Burke Cropping Systems Research laboratory USDA-ARS# Lubbock TX USA

Two sorghum lines, an erect leafed mutant sorghum and the wild type from which the mutant was generated, were field grown in rectilinear arrays at low (10 plants m-2) and high (23 plants m-2) population densities. Canopy light interception, biomass accretion and yield were measured. Photosynthetically active radiation under the canopy at ground level and midway through the canopy were higher in the erect leafed line, as compared to the normal leafed line. Planting density had less effect on mean grain yield and biomass in the erect leaf line than in the wild type. Though not conclusive, when taken together, the results suggested that optimal planting densities are higher for the erect leaf line and that the erect leaf trait could be useful for incorporation into breeding programs.

关键词： Sorghum Erectophile Mutant Erect Leaf

Stable Carbon Isotope Discrimination (δ¹³C) of Cotton Burrs and Seeds as a Season-Long Integrator of Crop Water Stress

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第12期13卷 1448-1459页

作者： Dennis C. Gitz III Jeffrey T. baker Robert J. Lascano Cropping Systems Research laboratory ARS-USDA1 Lubbock USA

Plant-based irrigation management schemes typically use surrogates such as canopy temperature, alone, or in conjunction with environmental variables, to infer the degree of “crop stress” (biological strain) induced by drought. Few systematic studies of the relationship between “crop stress”, as defined by such surrogates, and physiological estimates of water use efficiency (WUE) exist over both daily and seasonal time scales relevant to agronomic irrigation control. The systematic application of stable carbon isotope discrimination (δ13C) might allow post hoc evaluation of irrigation scheduling schemes and might also be a useful germplasm screening tool if the source(s) of variability can be uncovered and/or controlled. Results from preliminary efforts comparing leaf and cotton seed δ13C to season-long water deficits showed that seeds are more useful indicators of season-long water stress and water use efficiency during crop development.

关键词： Irrigation-Scheduling Germplasm Screen Water Management

High-quality assembled and annotated genomes of Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana benthamiana reveal chromosome evolution and changes in defense arsenals

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 423-437页

作者： Jubin Wang Qingling Zhang Jeffrey Tung Xi Zhang Dan Liu Yingtian Deng Zhendong Tian Huilan Chen Taotao Wang Weixiao Yin Bo Lij Zhibing Lai Savithramma P.Dinesh-Kumar Barbara baker Feng Li National Key laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Plant Gene Expression Center Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94706USA College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Department of Plant Biology and The Genome Center College of Biological SciencesUniversity of CalforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA The Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi Province Institute of Biological ResourcesJiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330299China institute of Vegetables and Flowers Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200Chin Hubei Hongshan laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana benthamiana are widely used models in plant biology ***,genomic studies of these species have *** we report the chromosome-level reference genome assemblies for *** and *** with an estimated 99.5%and 99.8%completeness,*** transcription start and termination site sequencing methods were developed and used for accurate gene annotation in *** analyses revealed evidence for the parental origins and chromosome structural changes,leading to hybrid genome formation of each ***,theantiviral silencinggenesRDR1,RDR6,DCL2,DCL3,andAGO2were lost from one or both subgenomes in ***,while both homeologs were kept in ***,the *** genome encodes fewer immune receptors and signaling components than that of *** find-ings uncover possible reasons underlying the hypersusceptible nature of *** developed the user-friendly Nicomics(http:/***/Nicomics/)web server to facilitate better use of Nicotiana genomic resources as well as gene structure and expression analyses.

关键词： Nicotiana tabacum Nicotiana benthamiana genomics evolution disease resistance NLR

Walking-friendly built environments and objectively measured physical function in older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第6期9卷 651-656页

作者： Mohammad Javad Koohsari Gavin R.McCormack Tomoki Nakaya Ai Shibata Kaori Ishii Akitomo Yasunaga Yung Liao Koichiro Oka Faculty of Sport Sciences Waseda UniversityTokorozawa 359-1192Japan Behavioural Epidemiology laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Melbourne School of Population and Global Health The University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Department of Community Health Sciences Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlberta T2N 4Z6Canada Faculty of Kinesiology University of CalgaryCalgaryAlberta T2N 4Z6Canada School of Architecture Planning and LandscapeUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlberta T2N 4Z6Canada Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-0845Japan Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences University of TsukubaTsukuba 305-8574Japan Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences Bunka Gakuen UniversityTokyo 151-8523Japan

Background:Few studies have examined the associations between urban design attributes and older adults’physical ***,it is not well known how built-environment attributes may influence physical function in Asian *** aim of this study was to examine associations between objectively measured environmental attributes of walkability and objectively assessed physical function in a sample of Japanese older ***:Cross-sectional data collected in 2013 from 314 older residents(aged 65-84 years)living in Japan were *** function was estimated from objectively measured upper-and lower-body function,mobility,and balance by a trained research team member.A comprehensive list of built-environment attributes,including population density,availability of destinations,intersection density,and distance to the nearest public transport station,were objectively *** Score as a composite measure of neighborhood walkability was also ***:Among men,higher population density,availability of destinations,and intersection density were significantly associated with better physical function performance(1-legged stance with eyes open).Higher Walk Score was also marginally associated with better physical function performance(1-legged stance with eyes open).None of the environmental attributes were associated with physical function in elderly ***:Our findings indicate that environmental attributes of walkability are associated with the physical function of elderly men in the context of ***-friendly neighborhoods can not only promote older adults’active behaviors but can also support their physical function.

关键词： Elderly Functional test Neighborhood Urban design Walkability

Irrigation Termination Thermal Time and Amount on Cotton Lint Yield and Fiber Quality

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2017年第9期7卷 216-234页

作者： Robert J. Lascano R. Louis Baumhardt Timothy S. Goebel Jeffrey T. baker Dennis C. Gitz III Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Cropping Systems Research Laboratory USDA-ARS* Lubbock TX USA Soil and Water Management Research Conservation and Production Research Laboratory USDA-ARS Bushland TX USA Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Cropping Systems Research Laboratory USDA-ARS Big Spring TX USA

Cotton irrigation in the Texas High Plains (THP) is often dictated by the well capacity and not by the water needs of the crop. The source of irrigation-water is the Ogallala aquifer and in many areas of the THP, the water table has declined to well capacities that deliver 1.3 to >7.6 mm/d. There is plenty of information on cotton responses to irrigation frequency and amount;however, information on when to terminate irrigation and its effect on cotton lint yield and fiber quality is scarce. Our objective was to evaluate over a 4-year period three irrigation termination thermal times corresponding to cumulative daily heat units (∑HU) of 890 °C, 1000 °C and 1110 °C from crop emergence, and three levels of irrigation (2.5, 5.1 and 7.6 mm/d) on cotton lint yield and fiber quality. Irrigation was applied with a sprinkler system on a 3-day frequency in Lubbock, TX. Results showed that on average the 7.6 mm/d level produced the most cotton lint yield regardless of the irrigation termination thermal time. Terminating cotton at 1000- °C ∑HU resulted in water savings of 25 to 50 mm for the 2.5 and 5.1 mm/d levels without significantly affecting lint yield. For the 7.6 mm/d and terminating at 890- °C ∑HU resulted in water savings of 100 to 115 mm. Average fiber length statistically increased with termination thermal time and level. This effect was most significant in years with the least rain and warmer air temperature. Micronaire increased with the termination thermal time in years with >500 mm of rain. Average fiber length uniformity and fiber strength were minimally affected by termination thermal time. As irrigation level increased, the average micronaire decreased, and fiber strength increased for the 5.1 and 7.6 mm/d irrigation. We concluded that in the THP for well capacities that deliver 2.5 - 5.1 mm/d irrigation can be terminated when the ∑HU reaches about 1000 °C from emergence without impacting cotton lint yield.

关键词： Irrigation Scheduling Semiarid Limited Water Texas High Plains Evapotranspiration

Description of a Novel Allelic “Thick Leafed” Mutant of Sorghum

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第12期8卷 2956-2965页

作者： Dennis C. Gitz III Lan Liu-Gitz Zhanguo Xin Jeffrey T. baker Paxton Payton Robert J. Lascano Cropping Systems Research laboratory ARS-USDA1 Lubbock TX USA

An allelic sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] mutant with thick and narrow erect leaves (Thl) and reduced adaxial stomatal density was isolated from the Annotated Individually pedigreed Mutagenized Sorghum mutant library developed at the Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit at Lubbock TX. The mutant, Thl, was isolated from a pedigreed M3 family generated by ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenization from an elite inbred sorghum line, BTx623, which had been used to sequence the sorghum genome. The mutant has been backcrossed to the wild-type BTx623 confirming that the trait results derive from a stable recessive nuclear gene mutation. Herein, we briefly described morphological and selected physiological characteristics of this mutant sorghum.

关键词： Sorghum Stoma Stomatal Density Stomatal Ratio Leaf Thickness