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Opportunities for New Biorefinery Products from Ethiopian Ginning Industry By-products:Current Status and Prospects

Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第3期6卷 195-214页

作者： Amare Abuhay Wassie Mengie Tamrat Tesfaye Gemeda Gebino Million Ayele Adane Haile Derseh Yillie Birorefinery Research Centre Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion TechnologyBahir Dar UniversityBahir DarEthiopia

The global demand for textile products is rapidly increasing due to population growth,rising living standards,economic development,and fast fashion *** growth and transformation plan(GTP)gives high priorities for the textile and apparel sectors to transform its agriculturally led economy to an industrial-based *** achieve this,the number of tex-tile and apparel industries is rapidly ***,the rapid growth in textile industry is generating mountains and mountains of *** this review,possible applications of cotton stalk and cotton ginning waste in a variety of technologies and products are discussed in Ethiopian *** finding of this study shows that Ethiopian current cotton cultivating area is about 80000 hm^(2),even though the country has a potential of about 3000810 hm^(2) land for cotton *** the current cultivated area,more than 240000 t of cotton stalk and 9240 t of cotton ginning trash have been generated as a *** only a very little portion of the cotton stalk is being used as a raw fuel for household purposes and a small portion of cotton ginning trash is used for animal ***,these underutilized lignocellulosic biomasses can be used as raw materials for producing different high-value biomaterials and thus country can perceive an economic and environmental benefit.A closer look at the structure and composition of the by-products shows that the whole part of cotton stalk and ginning waste can be used as a source of cellulose which can be exploited for conversion into a number of high-value ***,conversion of the waste into valuable products can make cotton stalk and ginning by-products an attractive raw material for the production of high value bio-products.

关键词： Cotton stalk Cotton ginning waste Biobased materials Biorefinery Waste utilization

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A comparative study of acidic,basic,and reactive dyes adsorption from aqueous solution onto kaolin adsorbent:Effect of operating parameters,isotherms,kinetics,and thermodynamics

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Emerging Contaminants 2022年第1期8卷 59-74页

作者： Tadele Assefa Aragaw Adugna Nigatu Alene Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering Bahir Dar Institute of TechnologyBahir Dar UniversityBahir DarEthiopia

Various studies were reported for the evaluation of the adsorption performance of kaolin clay using single dye *** paper aimed to evaluate the comparative adsorption capacity of prepared adsorbents from Ethiopian kaolin for different dye types(Basic Yellow 28(BY 28),Congo Red(CR),and Reactive Red 120(RR 120)).Because different dye classes may have a significant impact on the removal efficiency by the prepared ***,we intended to investigate the interaction effect of adsorbent-sorbate in the adsorption phenomenon for the three different class *** adsorbents from kaolin clay were prepared via mechanical treatment,beneficiation,and calcination(700℃).The effect of operating parameters(pH,adsorbent dose,contact time,dye concentration,and adsorption temperature)was *** and after adsorption of the adsorbents were characterized using FTIR ***,adsorption isotherm,kinetic models,and the thermodynamic processes in the adsorption phenomenon were *** percentage removal efficiency of dyes was recorded as 92.08%,88.63%,and 73.33%for BY 28,CR,and RR 120 dyes,respectively at the experimental condition:adsorbent dosage=1 g/100 mL,solution pH=9(BY 28),and pH=3(CR,and RR 120),contact time=60 min,initial dyes concentrations=20 mg/L,and temperature=30℃.The adsorption of adsorbates onto kaolin adsorbents was well fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm *** thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic for all *** comparative percentage removal of,with the same operational parameters and kaolin adsorbent,was recorded as BY 28>CR>RR120 resulting from their surface charge and molecular size/structure dyes *** confirm that the adsorption at each operational parameter and peak intensity of FTIR spectra,before and after adsorption,revealed that the different dye types have varied removal efficiency onto the prepared kaolin ***

关键词： Beneficiated adsorbent Different class dyes Adsorption Operational parameters Removal efficiency Electrostatic interaction

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Watershed prioritization for conservation planning using RUSLE and morphometric methods,Northwestern Ethiopia

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第8期20卷 2242-2262页

作者： Agumassie Genet GELA Daniel Ayalew MENGISTU Daniel Asfaw BEKELE Department of General Forestry Debre Markos UniversityBure 18Ethiopia Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Bahir Dar UniversityBahir Dar 79Ethiopia Geo-spatial Data and technology Center(GDTC) Bahir Dar UniversityBahir Dar 79Ethiopia

Soil erosion and the subsequent sedimentation are serious environmental *** land management coupled with intense rainfall has complicated the problem in the Ethiopian ***,soil loss costs a profound amount of the national GDP and deters land *** soil loss and prioritizing areas for conservation is imperative for proper planning and resource ***,this study aimed at estimating the mean annual soil loss rate of Gilgel Abay watershed which has critical implications on Lake Tana and Abbay River(Upper Blue Nile River),using RUSLE and morphometric analysis *** including rainfall,soil,Digital Elevation Model and land use/land cover were used to generate important parameters required for the soil loss *** collected through field observation,consultation with experts and document analysis were used for validation *** results of the study reveal that the watershed experienced an average soil loss rate of 39.8 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1).Subsequently,nearly 25%(37,038 ha)of the watershed is threatened by moderate to very severe soil *** the four sub watersheds,sub watershed 3(S3)and sub watershed 4(S4),which consist of about 65%(105,000 ha)of the total area of the study watershed,experienced an annual soil loss rate of over 30 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1).The amount of soil loss that the study watershed has experienced is above the soil loss tolerance level of Ethiopia(2-18 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1))and the tropical region(10 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1)).Similarly,the results of morphometric analysis showed that the studied watershed has S-shaped hypsometric curve,an indication for maturity stage of landscape *** studied watershed is also characterized by a non-circular shaped drainage with rugged and dissected topography that contributes to high flash flood,peak discharge and incidence of soil *** result of both models signified that S3 and S4 are highly susceptible to soil ***,t

关键词： Soil loss RUSLE model Morphometric analysis Gilgel Abay watershed

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Dynamic impact protective body armour:A comprehensive appraisal on panel engineering design and its prospective materials

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2021年第6期17卷 2027-2049页

作者： Mulat Alubel Abtew François Boussu Pascal Bruniaux Universite of Lille ENSAITGEMTEX Lab2 Allee Louise et Victor Champier59056RoubaixFrance bahir dar University Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion TechnologyBahir DarEthiopia

Personal body armour is one of the most important pieces of equipment to protect human beings from various critical and fatal *** today’s modern world,various organizations including law enforcement and security service have made it mandatory for their personnel to wear personal protection system while on field ***,the systems should comprise an improved ballistic performance,light-weighted,flexible as well as comfortable panel not only to be accepted with a wider range but also for effective performances of the ***,the overall performances of the protective body armour could be affected by various parameters including armour design techniques,type of materials used and finishing of the *** current paper aims to critically review state-of-art for armour panel design techniques and the different perspective body armour *** paper starts by discussing the different body armour and its ***,the different states of technology for armour panel design(mostly for women),its problems and the possible solutions will be ***,the commonly used different polymeric fibrous and the future possible advanced materials including carbon nanotube(CNT),Graphene CNT and shear thickening fluids(STFs)treated materials for developing the reinforced body armour panel will be *** authors believe that this paper will enlighten useful guidelines and procedures about the different panel design techniques and current and promising future materials for researchers,designers,engineers and manufacturers working on the impact resistance body armour field.

关键词： Body armour panel design Ballistic impact behaviours Nanocomposites Shear thickening fluids(STFs) Military

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The impacts of land-use and land-cover change on wetland ecosystem service values in peri-urban and urban area of bahir dar City, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Northwestern Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 510-527页

作者： Workiyie Worie Assefa Belachew Getnet Eneyew Ayalew Wondie Department of Biology College of ScienceBlue Nile Water InstituteBahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 79Bahir DarEthiopia. College of Social Science Blue Nile Water InstituteBahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 79Bahir DarEthiopia. School of Fisheries and Wildlife College of Agriculture and Environmental SciencesBahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 79Bahir DarEthiopia.

Background:Even though wetlands are essential in enhancing water quality and providing recreation and entertainment opportunities in urban areas,their values are overlooked by the *** of the economic value of wetland ecosystem services contributes to their continuing deterioration and inevitable *** the changes in ecosystem service values(ESV)can provide crucial information for *** study,therefore,analyzes the temporal and spatial land-use/land-cover(LULC)change patterns over 35 years(1984–2019)intending to evaluate its impact on wetland ecosystem service values in bahir dar City,*** and change analyses of ESVs were conducted by employing ArcGIS using LULC inputs of the year 1984,1994,2004,2014,and 2019 with their corresponding global value coefficients that were developed earlier and our own modified value coefficients for the studied ***:The results showed that wetlands and water bodies of the city and its peripheries had decreased by 75.71%(−1618 ha)within 35 years,while built-up area increased by 216.24%(+2599 ha).Cultivated land had increased slightly from 1984 to 1994 and then gradually declined since *** in LULC had resulted in a decline of the total *** total ESV had decreased from USD 29.73×10^(6) to USD 20.84×10^(6) in 35 *** indicates the loss of nearly USD 8.9×10^(6) ESV from 1984 to 2019.A sensitivity analysis suggested the robustness of ESV estimation in the study *** individual ecosystem services experienced a negative ***,a greater reduction in ESV was observed for services such as water regulation,waste treatment,and habitats for maintaining *** expansion of built-up area of bahir dar City was the major factor that contributed to the loss of ESV provided by ***:The loss of ESV resulting in LULC changes has a negative implication on local climate,waste management,and the livelihoods of the poor co

关键词： Ecosystem service Economic valuation Land use/land cover Landscape change Urban wetland

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An automated method for mapping physical soil and water conservation structures on cultivated land using GIS and remote sensing techniques

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2017年第1期27卷 79-94页

作者： Asnake MEKURIAW Andreas HEINIMANN Gete ZELEKE Hans HURNI Kaspar HURNI Natural Resources Management Department Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia Geospatial Data and technology Center Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia Center for Development and Environment University of Bern Switzerland Water and Land Resource Center Addis Ababa Ethiopia

An efficient and reliable automated model that can map physical Soil and Water Conservation（SWC） structures on cultivated land was developed using very high spatial resolution imagery obtained from Google Earth and Arc GIS？ERDAS IMAGINE？and SDC Morphology Toolbox for MATLAB and statistical techniques. The model was developed using the following procedures：（1） a high-pass spatial filter algorithm was applied to detect linear features,（2） morphological processing was used to remove unwanted linear features,（3） the raster format was vectorized,（4） the vectorized linear features were split per hectare（ha） and each line was then classified according to its compass directionand（5） the sum of all vector lengths per class of direction per ha was calculated. Finallythe direction class with the greatest length was selected from each ha to predict the physical SWC structures. The model was calibrated and validated on the Ethiopian Highlands. The model correctly mapped 80% of the existing structures. The developed model was then tested at different sites with different topography. The results show that the developed model is feasible for automated mapping of physical SWC structures. Thereforethe model is useful for predicting and mapping physical SWC structures areas across diverse areas.

关键词： physical SWC structure mapping automated mathematical morphology GIS and remote sensing

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Perspectives of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines in Cluster Configurations

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第12期20卷 2657-2691页

作者： Ryan Randall Chunmei Chen Mesfin Belayneh Ageze Muluken Temesgen Tigabu College of Automation Qingdao UniversityQingdao266071China Center for Renewable Energy Addis Ababa Institute of TechnologyAddis Ababa UniversityAddis Ababa1000Ethiopia BTeQ R&D Labs Addis Ababa1000Ethiopia bahir dar Energy Center Bahir Dar Institute of TechnologyBahir Dar UniversityBahir Dar6000Ethiopia

Vertical Axis Wind Turbines(VAWTs)offer several advantages over horizontal axis wind turbines(HAWTs),including quieter operation,ease of maintenance,and simplified ***,despite the prevailing belief that HAWTs outperform VAWTs as individual units,VAWTs demonstrate higher power density when arranged in *** phenomenon arises from positive wake interactions downstream of VAWTs,potentially enhancing the overall wind farm *** contrast,wake interactions negatively impact HAWT farms,reducing their *** paper extensively reviews the potential of VAWT clusters to increase energy output and reduce wind energy costs.A precise terminology is introduced to clarify ambiguous terms researchers use to quantify cluster *** examining commonly studied and proposed VAWT cluster configurations,several aspects are discussed such as aerodynamic interactions,wake characteristics,structural dynamics,and performance ***,the current state-of-the-art and research gaps are critically *** review also covers computational modeling,optimization techniques,advanced control strategies,machine learning applications,economic considerations,and the influence of terrain and application locations.

关键词： Vertical axis wind turbines(VAWTs) cluster configuration wind farm wind energy performance enhancement

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Effect of Polyacrylamide integrated with other soil amendments on runoff and soil loss:Case study from northwest Ethiopia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第3期10卷 487-496页

作者： Birhanu Kebede Atsushi Tsunekawa Nigussie Haregeweyn Mitsuru Tsubo Temesgen Mulualem Amrakh I.Mamedov Derege Tsegaye Meshesha Enyew Adgo Ayele Almaw Fenta Kindiye Ebabu Tsugiyuki Masunaga bahir dar institute of technology Bahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 26Bahir DarEthiopia Arid Land Research Center Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan International Platform for Dry Land Research and Education Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Bahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 1289Bahir DarEthiopia Faculty of Life and Environmental Science Shimane UniversityShimane Matsue690-0823Japan

Anionic polyacrylamide(PAM)has the potential to reduce soil erosion through soil ***,a comprehensive study about its effectiveness especially when applied combined with other amendments have rarely been conducted in the tropical highland climatic conditions,such as in *** study assessed the effectiveness of PAM(P=40 kg ha^(-1))alone or integrated with other soil amendments such as gypsum(G=5 t ha^(-1)),lime(L=4 t ha^(-1))and biochar(B=8 t ha^(-1))on runoff and soil loss at Aba Gerima watershed in the Upper Blue Nile basin,northwest of Ethiopia,where there is high erosion-caused soil degradation.A total of 79 daily runoff and sediment data were collected from eight runoff plots(1.3m×4m)with three replications planted with teff(Eragrostis tef)crop for two years(2018&2019)rainy *** changes in soil physicochemical properties and crop growth parameters were *** reduced seasonal runoff by 12–39%and soil loss by 13–53%.The highest reduction in runoff was observed from P+B and PAM treatments while the highest reduction in soil loss was observed from that of P+L and PAM *** PAM with other amendments improved soil structural stability,moisture content,soil pH(P+L)and organic matter(P+B),leading to favorable environment for crop growth(biomass yield)and reduced runoff and soil *** PAM,biochar and lime amendments may need more time after application to be more *** continuing the field experiment and studying physico-chemical mechanisms for extended period will better elucidate their single or combined effectiveness over time.

关键词： Dryland Soil amendments Polyacrylamide Soil erosion Soil properties

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Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis patients under directly observed treatment short-course at Debre Tabor General Hospital,northwest Ethiopia:nine-years retrospective study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 172-178页

作者： Seble Worku Awoke Derbie Daniel Mekonnen Fantahun Biadglegne Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences College of Health SciencesDebre Tabor UniversityDebre TaborEthiopia Department of Medical Microbiology Immunology and ParasitologyCollege of Medicine and Health SciencesBahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 1383Bahir DarEthiopia Biotechnology Research institute Bahir Dar UniversityBahir DarEthiopia

Background:Data regarding tuberculosis(TB)treatment outcomes,proportion of TB/HIV co-infection and associated factors have been released at different TB treatment facilities in Ethiopia and elsewhere in the world as part of the auditing and surveillance ***,these data are missing for the TB clinic offering directly observed treatment short-course(DOTs)at Debre Tabor General Hospital(DTGH).Methods:The authors analysed the records of 985 TB patients registered at the DTGH from September 2008 to December *** on patients’sex,age,type of TB,and treatment outcomes were extracted from the TB treatment registration *** treatment outcome of patients was categorized according to the National TB and Leprosy Control Program guidelines:cured,treatment completed,treatment failed,died,and not evaluated(transferred out and unknown cases).Results:Around half of the registered patients were males(516,52.4%).In terms of TB types,381(38.7%),241(24.5%),and 363(36.9%)patients had smear-negative pulmonary TB,smear-positive pulmonary TB,and extra pulmonary TB,*** hundred and seventy-two patients(90.1%)had successful treatment outcomes(cured and treatment completed),while 74 patients(9.9%)had unsuccessful treatment outcomes(death and treatment failure).TB treatment outcome was not associated with age,sex,type and history of TB,or co-infection with HIV(P>0.05).The proportion of TB/HIV co-infection was at 24.2%,and these were found to be significantly associated with the age groups of 25-34,35-44 and≥65 years:(aOR:0.44;95%CI:0.25-0.8),(aOR:0.39;95%CI:0.20-0.70),(aOR:4.2;95%CI:1.30-12.9),***:The proportion of patients with successful treatment outcomes was above the World Health Organization target set for Millennium Development Goal of 85%and in line with that of the global milestone target set at>90%for *** higher proportions of transfer-out cases were recorded in the present ***,the proportion of TB/HIV co-i

关键词： Tuberculosis Treatment outcome DOTS Debre Tabor General Hospital Ethiopia

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Changes in ecosystem service values strongly influenced by human activities in contrasting agro-ecological environments

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 691-708页

作者： Mulatu Liyew Berihun Atsushi Tsunekawa Nigussie Haregeweyn Mitsuru Tsubo Ayele Almaw Fenta Faculty of Civil and Water Resources Engineering Bahir Dar Institute of TechnologyBahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 26Bahir DarEthiopia. Arid Land Research Center Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori 680-0001Japan. International Platform for Dryland Research and Education Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori 680-0001Japan.

Background:Evaluating the impacts of land-use/land-cover(LULC)changes on ecosystem service values(ESVs)is essential for sustainable use and management of *** this study,we evaluated the impact of human activity driven LULC changes on ESVs over the period 1982–2016/17 in contrasting agro-ecological environments:Guder(highland),Aba Gerima(midland),and Debatie(lowland)watersheds of the Upper Blue Nile basin,***:During the study period,the continuous expansion of cultivated land at the expense of natural vegetation(bushland,forest,and grazing land)severely reduced the total ESV by about US$58 thousand(35%)in Aba Gerima and US$31 thousand(29%)in Debatie *** contrast,the unprecedented expansion of plantations,mainly through the planting of Acacia decurrens,led,from 2006,to a ESV rebound by about US$71 thousand(54%)in Guder watershed,after it had decreased by about US$61 thousand(32%)between 1982 and *** reduction in natural forest area was the major contributor to the loss of total ESV in the study watersheds,ranging from US$31 thousand(63%)in Debatie to US$96.9 thousand(70%)in Guder between 1982 and 2016/*** an areaspecific basis,LULC changes reduced the average ESV from US$560 ha^(−1) year^(−1)(1982)in Guder to US$306 ha^(−1) year^(−1)(2017)in Debatie *** ESVs such as provisioning(mainly as food production)and regulating services(mainly as erosion control and climate regulation)accounted for most of the total ESVs estimated for the study ***:In most cases,the total and specific ESVs of the watersheds were negatively associated with the population growth,which in turn was positively associated with the expansion of cultivated land over the study *** Guder,however,ESVs were positively associated with population growth,especially after *** is mainly due to the expansion of Acacia decurrens *** results suggest,therefore,that future policy measures and directions should focus o

关键词： Drought prone Agro-ecologies Land use/land cover Acacia decurrens Plantations Ecosystem services Farming practices Upper Blue Nile basin

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