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A Rapid Estimation Method for Post-earthquake Building Losses

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第3期14卷 428-439页

作者： Dengke Zhao Zifa Wang Jianming Wang Dongliang Wei Yang Zhou Zhaoyan Li institute of Engineering Mechanics China Earthquake AdministrationHarbin 150080China CEAKJ ADPRHexa inc. Shaoguan 512000China

Rapid estimation of post-earthquake building damage and loss is very important in urgent response *** current approach leaves much room for improvement in estimating ground motion and correctly inc.rporating the uncertainty and spatial correlation of the *** study proposed a new approach for rapidly estimating post-earthquake building loss with reasonable *** proposed method interpolates ground motion based on the observed ground motion using the Ground Motion Prediction Equation(GMPE)as the *** samples the building seismic loss quantile considering the spatial loss correlation that is expressed by Gaussian copula,and kriging is applied to reduce the dimension of direct sampling for estimation *** proposed approach was validated using three historical earthquake events in Japan with actual loss reports,and was then applied to predict the building loss amount for the March 2022 Fukushima Mw7.3 *** proposed method has high potential in future emergency efforts such as search,rescue,and evacuation planning.

关键词： Earthquake building loss estimation Fukushima earthquake 2022 Gaussian copula sampling Japan Spatial correlation of earthquake losses Spatial interpolation of ground motion

Analysis of the Impact of the Decline in Crude Oil Imports on the Japanese Economy

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Economics World 2017年第3期5卷 239-267页

作者： Akiko Higashi-Shiraishi Mitsubishi research institute Inc. Tokyo Japan

In Japan, crude oil use depends almost exclusively on imports, mainly from the Middle East. Therefore, guaranteeing crude oil imports is an important issue for the Japanese energy policy. To analyze the impact of a decrease in crude oil imports, two features of crude oil as an energy good should be taken into consideration, namely being a factor of production in the energy sector and feedstock in petroleum and coal products. This study uses the GTAP and GTAP-E models to evaluate the impact of the decrease in crude oil imports in Japan, applying the same methodology and exogenous values, and analyzes the difference of the simulation results between the two models. In Japan, crude oil is used in two sectors： as feedstock in petroleum and coal products, and as a factor of production in the electricity sector. When energy goods are used as feedstock, the GTAP model, in which energy goods are treated as intermediate inputs with fixed coefficients, is suitable for analysis. The GTAP-E model, which inc.rporates an energy substitution structure into the GTAP model, is, on the other hand, suitable for analyzing energy goods when they are used as a factor of production. Furthermore, this study uses both a static analysis and an analysis inc.rporating capital accumulation effects to evaluate short-term, as well as medium to long-term impacts. The simulation results clearly indicate that, in the GTAP-E model, when crude oil imports from the Middle East decrease, Japan attempts to inc.ease its crude oil imports from other regions, but by less than in the case of the GTAP model. The results of this study show that, for energy goods used mainly as feedstock, such as crude oil, analysis with fixed coefficients presents more realistic simulation results than those using the energy substitution structure.

关键词： GTAP Model energy substitution fixed coefficients Japanese energy policy capital accumulationeffects crude oil imports

Potential emission reductions by converting agricultural residue biomass to synthetic fuels for vehicles and domestic cooking in China

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Particuology 2020年第2期18卷 40-47页

作者： Xiaoliang Wang SKent Hoekman Yang Han Judith CChow John G.Watson Xiaomeng Wu Ye Wu Dennis Schuetzle Robert Schuetzle Desert research institute 2215 Raggio PkwyRenoNV 89512USA School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Greyrock Energy Inc.2020 L StreetSuite 120SacramentoCA 95811USA

Vehicle exhaust and transported biomass burning emissions are important air pollution sources in many urban areas,and domestic cooking with biomass fuels causes indoor air pollution in many rural *** agricultural waste-generated synthetic fuels can reduce emissions both from vehicles and biomass *** estimate the potential benefits of synthetic diesel in Beijing,the emission factor model for the Beijing vehicle fleet was applied to estimate exhaust emissions for the 2015-2030 *** with 100%petroleum diesel,a 20%synthetic diesel blend reduced diesel fleet emissions by 24%for carbon monoxide,30%for total hydrocarbons,5.5%for nitrogen oxides,and 19%for fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of≤2.5μm(PM2.5)while using 100%synthetic diesel decreased emissions by 36%for carbon monoxide,48%for total hydrocarbons,10%for nitrogen oxides,and 34%for *** use of biomass for producing synthetic fuels rather than burning in the field also reduces air *** 60g of PM2.5 agricultural open-field burning emissions are avoided per liter of synthetic fuel *** solid crop residues with synthetic liquid fuels in household cooking would reduce PM2.5 emissions by more than 90%.

关键词： PM2.5 Air pollution Vehicle emission Biomass burning Synthetic fuel Agricultural biomass

Signalization options to improve capacity and delay at roundabouts through microsimulation approach:A case study on arterial roadways in Ghana

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第1期8卷 70-82页

作者： Kwame Kwakwa Osei Charles Anum Adams Williams Ackaah Yolanda Oliver-Commey Regional Transport research and Education Centre Kumasi(TRECK)Department of Civil EngineeringKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Building and Road research institute of the Council for Scientific and Industrial research(CSIR-BRRI) KumasiGhana Pennoni Associates inc. PhiladelphiaPA 19103USA

Roundabouts are very useful when flows are balanced but can have operational challenges when flows *** roundabouts on arterial roadways in Ghana experience recurring congestion during peak *** four roundabouts between Ejisu Municipality and Asokwa Municipality on the N6 highway are typical of the situation found on arterials *** experience recurring long queues and delays during the peak hours and over-representation of truck rollover *** Ghana,historically,most roundabouts with capacity problems have been developed into interchanges at very high cost without consideration of other effective at-grade *** roundabouts are signalized,various configurations can be explored to enhance capacity while preserving the safety *** simulation techniques,various configurations and design options were tested for their effectiveness at two of the roundabouts,located at KNUST police station and Ejisu,with similar demand and high left turning *** objectives of this study were to a)evaluate the performance of the selected roundabouts on the corridor;b)explore alternative intersection configurations to improve capacity and *** video data collection techniques,2-h time stamped footages of AM and PM peak traffic flows were captured for two *** design parameters of the existing roundabouts,queue lengths,travel times,and approach flows were also *** models of the selected roundabouts were developed and calibrated for the baseline *** unconventional roundabout configuration,with a phase for major road through traffic were simulated and assessed for capacity,delay and queue *** results showed that signalized roundabout intersections effectively inc.eased capacity by as much as 50%in some cases,reduced delay and queue length significantly,and maintained the benefits of roundabouts inc.uding *** performance could be further enhanced by introducing separate

关键词： Transportation Signal strategy Roundabout Road safety VISSIM microsimulation Congestion

Full blended blade and endwall design of a compressor cascade

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2021年第11期34卷 79-93页

作者： Tongtong MENG Guang YANG Ling ZHOU Lucheng JI School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Poly Technologies inc. Beijing 100010China institute for Aero Engine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In the current state-of-the-art,high-loss flow in the endwall significantly influences compressor ***,the control of endwall corner separation in compressor blade rows is important to *** on the previous research of the Blended Blade and End Wall(BBEW)technique,which can significantly reduce corner separation,in combination with a nonaxisymmetric endwall,the full-BBEW technique is proposed in this study to further reduce the separation in endwall *** princ.ple of the unchanged axial passage area is considered to derive the geometric method for this *** models are further classified based on different geometric characteristics of this technique:the BBEW model,inc.ining-Only End Wall(IOEW)model,and full-BBEW *** most effective design of each model is then found by performing several optimizations at the design point and related numerical investigations over the entire operational *** with the prototype,the total pressure loss coefficient decreases by 7%–9%in the optimized full-BBEW at the design ***,the aerodynamic blockage coefficient over the entire operational range decreases more than the other models,which shows its positive effect for *** approach has a larger decrease at negative inc.dence angles where the intersection of the boundary layer plays an important role in corner *** analysis shows that the blended blade profile enlarges the dihedral angle and creates a span-wise pressure gradient to move low momentum fluid towards the ***,the inc.ining hub geometry accelerates the accumulated flow in the corner downstream by inc.easing the pressure ***,though losses in the mainstream grow,especially for large inc.dences,the full-BBEW technique effectively reduces the separation in corners.

关键词： Aerodynamics Blended Blade and End Wall(BBEW) Corner separation Endwall profiling Flow control Turbomachinery

Continual few-shot patch-based learning for anime-style colorization

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第4期10卷 705-723页

作者： Akinobu Maejima Seitaro Shinagawa Hiroyuki Kubo Takuya Funatomi Tatsuo Yotsukura Satoshi Nakamura Yasuhiro Mukaigawa The research and Development Division OLM DigitalInc.Advanced Research GroupIMAGICA GROUPTokyo 1540023Japan Division of Information Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNara Institute of Science and TechnologyNara 6300192Japan Graduate School of Informatics Chiba UniversityChiba 2638522Japan

The automatic colorization of anime line drawings is a challenging problem in production *** advances in deep neural networks have addressed this problem;however,collectingmany images of colorization targets in novel anime work before the colorization process starts leads to chicken-and-egg problems and has become an obstacle to using them in production *** overcome this obstacle,we propose a new patch-based learning method for few-shot anime-style *** learning method adopts an efficient patch sampling technique with position embedding according to the characteristics of anime line *** also present a continuous learning strategy that continuously updates our colorization model using new samples colorized by human *** advantage of our method is that it can learn our colorization model from scratch or pre-trained weights using only a few pre-and post-colorized line drawings that are created by artists in their usual colorization ***,our method can be easily inc.rporated within existing production *** quantitatively demonstrate that our colorizationmethod outperforms state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： anime colorization few-shot learning continuous learning strategy

Multi-coefficient eigenmode operation—breaking through 10°/h open-loop bias instability in wideband aluminum nitride piezoelectric BAW gyroscopes

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第1期9卷 149-159页

作者： Zhenming Liu Haoran Wen Farrokh Ayazi School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30308USA StethX Microsystems inc. AtlantaGA30308USA

In this paper,a modification to the eigenmode operation of resonant gyroscopes is *** multi-coefficient eigenmode operation can improve cross-mode isolation due to electrode misalignments and imperfections,which is one of the causes of residual quadrature errors in conventional eigenmode operations.A 1400µm annulus aluminum nitride(AlN)on a silicon bulk acoustic wave(BAW)resonator with gyroscopic in-plane bending modes at 2.98 MHz achieves a nearly 60 dB cross-mode isolation when operated as a gyroscope using a multi-coefficient eigenmode *** as-born frequency mismatches in multiple devices are compensated by physical laser *** demonstrated AlN piezoelectric BAW gyroscope shows a large open-loop bandwidth of 150 Hz and a high scale factor of 9.5 nA/°/s on a test board with a vacuum *** measured angle random walk is 0.145°/√h,and the bias instability is 8.6°/h,showing significant improvement compared to the previous eigenmode AlN BAW *** results from this paper prove that with multi-coefficient eigenmode operations,piezoelectric AlN BAW gyroscopes can achieve a noise performance comparable to that of their capacitive counterpart while having the unique advantage of a large open-loop bandwidth and not requiring large DC polarization voltages.

关键词： mode loop operations

Improvement of decentralized random decrement technique for data processing in wireless sensor network

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2016年第3期15卷 627-635页

作者： Liu Chengyin Xu Chunchuan Teng Jun School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School Underground Systems Inc. 84 Business Park DriveArmonk

The Random Decrement Technique （RDT）, based on decentralized computing approaches implemented in wireless sensor networks （WSNs）, has shown advantages for modal parameter and data aggregation identification. However, previous studies of RDT-based approaches from ambient vibration data are based on the assumption of a broad-band stochastic process input excitation. The process normally is modeled by filtered white or white noise. In addition, the choice of the triggering condition in RDT is closely related to data communication. In this project, research has been conducted to study the nonstationary white noise excitations as the input to verify the random decrement technique. A local extremum triggering condition is chosen and implemented for the purpose of minimum data communication in a RDT-based distributed computing strategy. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed technique is capable of minimizing the amount of data transmitted over the network with accuracy in modal parameters identification.

关键词： RDT decentralized computing wireless sensor networks nonstationary

Superfunctional high-entropy alloys and ceramics by severe plastic deformation

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Rare Metals 2023年第10期42卷 3246-3268页

作者： Parisa Edalati Masayoshi Fuji Kaveh Edalati Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry Nagoya Institute of TechnologyTajimi507-0071Japan Advanced Ceramics research Center Nagoya Institute of TechnologyTajimi507-0071Japan WPI International institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy research(WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu UniversityFukuoka819-0395Japan Mitsui Chemicals Inc.—Carbon Neutral Research Center(MCI-CNRC)Kyushu UniversityFukuoka819-0395Japan

High-entropy alloys and ceramics containing at least five princ.pal elements have recently received high attention for various mechanical and functional *** application of severe plastic deformation(SPD),particularly the high-pressure torsion method,combined with the CALPHAD(calculation of phase diagram) and first-princ.ples calculations resulted in the development of numerous superfunctional high-entropy materials with superior properties compared to the normal functions of engineering *** article reviews the recent advances in the application of SPD to developing superfunctional high-entropy *** superfunctional properties inc.ude(ⅰ) ultrahigh hardness levels comparable to the hardness of ceramics in high-entropy alloys,(ⅱ) high yield strength and good hydrogen embrittlement resistance in high-entropy alloys;(ⅲ) high strength,low elastic modulus,and high biocompatibility in high-entropy alloys,(ⅳ) fast and reversible hydrogen storage in high-entropy hydrides,(ⅴ) photovoltaic performance and photocurrent generation on high-entropy semiconductors,(ⅵ) photocatalytic oxygen and hydrogen production from water splitting on high-entropy oxides and oxynitrides,and(ⅶ)CO_(2) photoreduction on high-entropy *** findings introduce SPD as not only a processing tool to improve the properties of existing high-entropy materials but also as a synthesis tool to produce novel high-entropy materials with superior properties compared with conventional engineering materials.

关键词： Multi-princ.pal element alloys(MPEAs) High-entropy alloys(HEAs) High-entropy ceramics(HECs) High-entropy oxides(HEOs) Ultrafine-grained(UFG)microstructure High-pressure torsion(HPT)