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Does the provision of live black soldier fly and yellow mealworm larvae improve Muscovy duck welfare?

Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 442-455页

作者： Marta Gariglio sihem Dabbou Manuela renna Ilaria Biasato sara Bellezza Oddon Marco Meneguz raul Daniel Miazzo stefania Bergagna Elena Colombino Elisabetta Macchi Achille schiavone Department of Veterinary sciences University of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 2GrugliascoTorino(TO)10095Italy Center Agriculture Food Environment(C3A) University of TrentoVia Edmund Mach 1San Michele All’AdigeTrento(TN)38098Italy Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 2GrugliascoTorino(TO)10095Italy bef biosystems s.r.l Via Tancredi Canonico 18/CTorino(TO)10156Italy Unidad de Investigacion Aviar Produccion AvicolaFac.Agr.y Vet.Universidad Nacional de Rio CuartoCordobaArgentina Veterinary Medical research Institute for Piemonte Liguria and Valle d’AostaVia Bologna 148Torino(TO)10154Italy

Background The provision of environmental enrichments to Muscovy ducks could reduce the expression of the aggressive *** aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of black soldier fly(BsF)and yellow mealworm(YM)live larva provision on Muscovy duck performance,excreta corticosterone metabolites(ECM),behavior,and blood *** A total of 1263-day-old female Muscovy ducklings were allotted to 18 pens(6 replicates/treatment,7 birds/pen)and assigned to 3 experimental treatments:a control group fed commercial feed,and two experimental treatments fed commercial feed plus the 5%(based on the expected daily feed intake,as fed basis)of BsF and YM live larvae(BsF and YM groups,respectively).A two-phase feeding program was applied:starter(from 3 to 31 days of age)and grower-finisher(from 32 to 55 days of age).The live weight,average daily gain,average daily feed intake,and feed conversion ratio were *** consumption times were collected,and video recordings were performed during 3 periods(P)each day:the hour before(P1),during(P2),and after(P3)the larva *** were evaluated at 3,31,and ***,the total red and white blood cell counts,serum proteins,lipids,and liver and renal function serum enzymes were evaluated on 12 birds/*** The experimental treatment did not affect the growth performance of the birds(P>0.05).larva consumption times were always similar between the two insect species,except at 14–18 days of age,were BsF larvae were consumed faster than YM larvae(Prds showed less walking activity during P2,and preening behavior increased in YM birds during *** C birds increased the attack behavior over the weeks(Pring weeks 1–3 the YM group reduced the attack frequency(P1>P3;Plly,the provision of live BsF and YM larvae significantly reduced the ECM at 55 days of age and the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio(Plusions live BsF and YM larva supplementatio

关键词： Behavior Cairina moschata Environmental enrichment Hermetia illucens Poultry Tenebrio molitor Welfare

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Effect of the rearing diet on gene expression of antimicrobial peptides in Hermetia illucens(Diptera:stratiomyidae)

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Insect science 2023年第4期30卷 933-946页

作者： Valentina Candian Carlotta savio Marco Meneguz laura Gasco rosemarie Tedeschi Dipartimento di scienze Agrarie Forestali eAlimentari(DISAFA)University of TorinoGrugliascoItaly NrAE MicalisGMEUniversity of Paris SaclayJouy-en-JosasFrance laboratory of Entomology Wageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands bef biosystems TorinoItaly

Insect proteins have been proposed for human and animal food *** the health status of insects in mass rearing allows to obtain high-quality products and to avoid severe economic losses due to ***,new strategies for preserving insect health must be *** of the insect im-mune system through the diet is one such *** evaluated gene expression of two antimicrobial peptides(one defensin and one cecropin)in Hermetia illucens(l.)(Diptera:stratiomyidae)reared on different *** were performed on prepupae and 10-day-old larvae reared on cereal-and municipal organic waste-based diets and on only prepupae reared on a cereal-based diet supplemented with sunflower,corn,or soybean *** inclusion of sunflower oil at different points in the cereal-based diet was also ***,diet-driven differences in the inhibitory activity of the hemolymph were tested against Escherichia coli DH5αand Micrococcus yunnanensis HI55 using diffusion assays in solid *** showed that a municipal organic waste-based diet produced a significant overexpression of antimicrobial peptides only in *** of veg-etable oils caused an upregulation of at least one peptide,except for the corn *** expression of both genes was observed when sunflower oil was added 5 days before *** hemolymph samples showed an inhibitory activity against bacteria *** results suggest that municipal organic waste-based diet and vegetable oil-added diet may successfully impact the immune system of *** alternatives may also exist forotherspeciesofeconomic interest.

关键词： cecropin cereal defensin hemolymph organic municipal solid waste vegetable oil

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removing harvest residues from hardwood stands affects tree growth, wood density and stem wood nutrient concentration in European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and oak (Quercus spp.)

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 147-159页

作者： sanjoy roy Jean-Michel leban Bernhard Zeller Gregory van der Heijden Arnaud reichard Marie-Christine Gehin Philippe santenoise laurent saint-Andre INrAE BEFF-54000 NancyFrance IGN Laboratoire de l’Inventaire ForestierNancyF-54000France Universite de lorraine AgroParisTechINRAESILVAF-54000 NancyFrance

Background:Higher exportation of harvest residues from forests due to increased demand for woody biomass,has reportedly diminished soil mineral resources and may lead to degraded tree nutrition as well as ***,as nutrients become less available in the soil,the remobilization of nutrients in biomass tissues(plant internal cycling)helps sustain tree *** study aims to quantify the impact of removing Harvest residues and litter(rHrl)during five years on tree growth,wood density,and stem wood nutrient concentrations in young beech and oak forest ***:Our study found that,rHrl significantly decreased tree growth ring width by 14%,and wood density by 3%,in beech trees,in near bark *** also significantly reduced nutrient concentration in near bark and near pith areas of both studied ***,Na and s were found lower by 44%,76%,and 56%,respectively,in near bark area of beech *** near bark area of oak trees,K,Ca,Mg,Na,s,and Fe were lower by 20%,25%,41%,48%,41%,and 16%,respectively.K and Mg concentrations decreased more strongly in near pith area compared to near bark area suggesting internal translocation of these two ***:In beech trees,wood density proved to be an important factor while quantifying the effect of removing harvest residuals on tree growth and *** nutrient loss intensified the remobilization of nutrients con-tained in older tree rings(close to the pith)towards newly formed rings(close to bark).In our study,in beech trees,K was found to be the most recycled major *** results demonstrate the potential of such analysis for providing valuable insight into the effect of rHrl in premature stands on the physiological adaptive strategies of trees and an indication of soil fertility status.

关键词： Harvest residues Fagus sylvatica Quercus petraea Dendroecology Dendrochemistry radial growth Wood density Tree growth ring width Translocation

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soil chemical fertility change over four decades in the Morvan Mountains and influence of tree species (Burgundy, France)

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第4期9卷 460-474页

作者： Margaux Clesse Arnaud legout Jacques ranger Bernd Zeller Gregory van der Heijden INrAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance

Background: Intensive silvicultural practices and the planting of monospecific forests of coniferous, that are more productive compared to hardwoods may threaten over the mid to long-term the sustainability of soil chemical fertility of forest ecosystems, and are a major concern for forest managers and ***: We investigated the tree species effect(Quercus sessiliflora smith, Fagus sylvatica l., Picea abies Karst.,Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco., Abies nordmanniana spach. and Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. laricio Poiret var. corsicana) on the change over time of soil chemical properties and nutrient pool sizes in the mineral and organic layers of the soil during the 45 years after the plantation of the Breuil-Chenue common garden experiment(Burgundy,France). The organic and mineral soil layers down to 70-cm depth were sampled in the different monospecific plots in 1974, 2001 and ***: Exchangeable Ca and Mg pools and soil pH increased on average over time in the 0–70 cm soil profile in most stands. However, in the topsoil layers(0–15 cm), the decrease of pH, the increase of exchangeable acidity over time under the coniferous stands and the decrease of exchangeable K pools in most stands highlighted that soil acidification is still on-going at Breuil-Chenue site but the intensity of this process depends on the tree ***, three groups of species could be distinguished: i) Nordmann fir(Abies nordmanniana spach.)/Norway spruce(Picea abies Karst.) where acidolysis and chelation occurred, resulting in the most pronounced pH decrease in the topsoil, ii) Douglas fir(Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco.)/laricio pine(Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. laricio Poiret var. corsicana) where acidification caused by elevated nitrification rates is probably currently compensated by larger weathering and/or atmospheric depositions fluxes, and iii) oak(Quercus sessiliflora smith)/beech(Fagus sylvatica l.) where soil acidification was less intense. Counterintuitively, soil a

关键词： Nutrient pools Tree species Acidification Podzolisation recovery Ecosystem services

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rNA-seq analysis reveals the critical role of the novel lnc rNA BIANCr in intramuscular adipogenesis through the ErK1/2 signaling pathway

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 917-935页

作者： Xinhao Ma Xinran Yang Dianqi Zhang Wenzhen Zhang Xiaoyu Wang Kuncheng Xie Jie He Chugang Mei linsen Zan College of Animal science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100People’s Republic of China Xi’an Dairy Cow Breeding Center Xi’an Agriculture and Rural BureauXi’anShaanxi 712100People’s Republic of China National Beef Cattle Improvement Center Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100People’s Republic of China

Background long non-coding rNAs(lncrNAs)regulate numerous biological processes,including *** on adipogenesis will assist in the treatment of human metabolic diseases and improve meat quality in livestock,such as the content of intramuscular fat(IMF).However,the significance of lncrNAs in intramuscular adipogenesis remains *** research aimed to reveal the lncrNAs transcriptomic profiles in the process of bovine intramuscular adipogenesis and to identify the lncrNAs involved in the adipogenesis of bovine intramuscular *** In this research,a landscape of lncrNAs was identified with rNA-seq in bovine intramuscular adipocytes at four adipogenesis stages(0 d,3 d,6 d,and 9 d after differentiation).A total of 7035 lncrNAs were detected,including 3396 novel *** on the results of differential analysis,co-expression analysis,and functional prediction,we focused on the bovine intramuscular adipogenesis-associated long non-coding rNA(BIANCr),a novel lncrNA that may have an important regulatory *** knockdown of BIANCr inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of intramuscular ***,BIANCr knockdown inhibited intramuscular adipogenesis by regulating the ErK1/2 signaling *** This study obtained the landscape of lncrNAs during adipogenesis in bovine intramuscular *** plays a crucial role in adipogenesis through the ErK1/2 signaling *** results are noteworthy for improving beef meat quality,molecular breeding,and metabolic disease research.

关键词： Adipogenesis BIANCr Bovine Intramuscular adipocyte lncrNAs

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Eight decades of compositional change in a managed northern hardwood landscape

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第3期10卷 398-410页

作者： Mark J.Ducey Olivia l.Fraser Mariko Yamasaki Ethan P.Belair William B.leak University of New Hampshire Department of Natural Resources and the Environment114 James HallDurhamNH03824USA U.s.D.A.Forest service White Mountain National Forest71 White Mountain DriveCamptonNH03223USA U.s.D.A.Forest service Northern Research Station271 Mast RoadDurhamNH03824USA The Nature Conservancy Natural Climate SolutionsAfrica Regional Portland Office45 Exchange StSuite 303PortlandME04101USA

We analyzed over 8 decades of change in forest composition(represented by species proportion of basal area)and size class from more than 400 permanent plots located on the Bartlett Experimental Forest in the White Mountains of New *** data represent one of the longest-term landscape-scale records of forest change based on permanent plots in North *** analyzed the plots based on elevation class,land type indicating assumed successional direction(grouped into coniferous and deciduous),and inventory period within managed and unmanaged portions of the *** ongoing shift from small-to large-diameter stems is clear across all species,in response to the overall aging of the forest following exploitative harvesting in the 19th *** compositional changes include a continuing decline in shade-intolerant species(paper birch and aspen),along with the mid-tolerant yellow *** increase in red maple abundance through the early 1990s has leveled off or *** shade-tolerant species,increases in beech and red spruce were largely consistent with assumed land type on unmanaged plots,but heavy marking against diseased beech on managed plots restricted increase of that *** maple declined in abundance except where silvicultural intervention helped maintain *** contrast,eastern hemlock showed a continuing expansion at all elevations below 600 *** data continue to show little or no evidence of upward migration of species,despite evidence of recent regional change in ***,the bef is poised for substantial changes when emerald ash borer and hemlock woolly adelgid,both of which are known to infest nearby areas,do arrive.

关键词： Northern hardwoods succession stand dynamics silviculture

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Dissecting the Native Architecture and Dynamics of Cyanobacterial Photosynthetic Machinery

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Molecular Plant 2017年第11期10卷 1434-1448页

作者： selene Casella Fang Huang David Mason Guo-Yan Zhao Giles N. Johnson Conrad W. Mullineaux lu-Ning liu Institute of Integrative Biology University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZB UK Centre for Cell Imaging University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZB UK College of life science Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China school of Earth and Environmental sciences University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT UK school of Biological and Chemical sciences Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK

The structural dynamics and flexibility of cell membranes play fundamental roles in the functions of the cells, i.e., signaling, energy transduction, and physiological adaptation. The cyanobacterial thylakoid membrane represents a model membrane that can conduct both oxygenic photosynthesis and respiration simultaneously. In this study, we conducted direct visualization of the global organization and mobility of photosynthetic complexes in thylakoid membranes from a model cyanobacterium, synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, using high-resolution atomic force, confocal, and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. We visualized the native arrangement and dense packing of photosystem I （PsI）, photosystem II （PslI）, and cytochrome （Cyt） befwithin thylakoid membranes at the molecular level. Furthermore, we func- tionally tagged PsI, PslI, Cyt bef, and ATP synthase individually with fluorescent proteins, and revealed the heterogeneous distribution of these four photosynthetic complexes and determined their dynamic features within the crowding membrane environment using live-cell fluorescence imaging. We characterized red light-induced clustering localization and adjustable diffusion of photosynthetic complexes in thylakoid membranes, representative of the reorganization of photosynthetic apparatus in response to environmental changes. Understanding the organization and dynamics of photosynthetic membranes is essential for rational design and construction of artificial photosynthetic systems to undarpin bioenergy development. Knowledge of cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes could also be extended to other cell membranes, such as chloroplast and mitochondrial membranes.

关键词： cyanobacteria thylakoid membrane atomic force microscopy photosynthesis fluorescence imaging protein dynamics

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Thermodynamic and Phase Diagram Modeling of CsF-MF4（M=U, Th） systems

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Chemical research in Chinese Universities 2017年第3期33卷 454-459页

作者： lI Xiang WANG Kun XIE Mengya WU Zhu XIE leidong shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 P. R. China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 R R. China Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2V4 Canada College of sciences Shanghai University Shanghai 200072 P. R. China shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 P. R. China

Phase diagrams for the CsF-UF4 and CsF-ThF4 systems were modeled in the present work through computational thennodynamics. The associate solution model with various complex species（CsMFs, Cs2MF6 and Cs3MF7; M=Th, U） was used to thermodynamically describe the binary molten salts. A total of ten intermediate phases were treated as stoichiometric compounds with their Gibbs energies modeled according to the Neumann-Kopp rule. All these model parameters were optimized by the least squares procedure until good coincidence was achieved between the calculated results and most of the experimental data. The derived thermodynamic parameters will be merged into the multicomponent CsF-liF-bef2-ThF4-UF4 database for analyzing physicochemical behavior of CsF in the fuel salt of the molten salt breeder reactor.

关键词： Molten salt Metal fluoride Thermodynamic and phase diagram modeling

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Thermodynamic Evaluation of NaF-MFn（M=Be, U, Th） systems for Molten salt reactor

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Chemical research in Chinese Universities 2018年第3期34卷 457-463页

作者： WU shuang lI Xiang ZHANG Peng AN Xuehui XIE leidong shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 P. R. China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China

The phase diagrams of NaF-bef2, NaF-ThF4 and NaF-UF4 systems were assessed based on thermodynamic principles, and diverse thermodynamic models were adapted to different systems. Associate solution model （AsM） was used to describe the Gibbs energies of liquid phase of the NaF-bef2 system, whereas other systems（NaF-ThF4 and NaF-UF4） were treated with the substitutional solution model（ssM） and intermediate compounds were described as stoichiometric compounds according to the Neumann-Kopp rule. All the thermodynamic model parameters were optimized by the least squares procedure until good coincidence was achieved between the calculated results and the experimental data. The derived thermodynamic parameters will be merged into the NaF-bef2-ThF4-UF4 database to develop the thorium molten salt reactor（TMsr） project.

关键词： Molten salt Thermodynamic modeling Phase diagram

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Tree diversity and nectar composition affect arthropod visitors on extrafloral nectaries in a diversity experiment

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 201-212页

作者： Michael staab Joel Methorst Jan Peters Nico Blüthgen Alexandra-Maria Klein Faculty of Environment and Natural resources Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape EcologyUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacher Straße 479106 FreiburgGermany Institute of Ecology Leuphana University of LüneburgScharnhorststraße 121335 LüneburgGermany Ecological Network Group Department of BiologyTechnical University DarmstadtSchnittspahnstraße 1064287 DarmstadtGermany

Aims Plants with extrafloral nectaries(EFNs)are common in tropical and subtropical habitats and,despite many other arthropods also forage for EFN,most studies solely focused on the defense mutualisms between EFN plants and *** study aims at a quantitative assessment of the entire arthropod community that visits EFN trees to compare visitor communities between different tree species to disentangle the mechanisms that may drive EFN visitor community *** also test for tree diversity effects on EFN visitors,as it is unknown if local tree species richness.r.lates to the abundance and species richness of arthropods foraging for *** We sampled EFN-visiting arthropods in the experimental tree species richness gradient of the bef-China Experiment,the currently largest forest diversity experiment in the world,and tested if tree species richness affects EFN visitors and if visitor community composition differs between EFN tree *** a second step,we analyzed the EFN of Ailanthus altissima and Triadica cochinchinensis,the two EFN tree species with highest visitor abundance,for sugars and amino acids(AA)to test if tree species-specific differences in nectar chemistry translate to differing visitor ***,we conducted a choice experiment using different artificial nectar solutions to test if nectar quality affects foraging decisions of ants,the most frequent EFN visitors in our study *** Findings EFN trees in young successional forests in subtropical south-East China are visited by a diverse assemblage of arthropods including ants,beetles,flies,and *** ants accounted for about 75%of all individuals,non-ant visitors were by far more species *** abundance and species richness declined with increasing tree species richness,suggesting a resource dilution effect,because plots with more tree species had proportionally less EFN tree individuals and thus lower nectar *** altissima and ***

关键词： amino acids bef-China choice experiment formicidae HPlC chemical analysis

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