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The role of the Frontiers of Knowledge Awards in identifying the global leaders in ecological research

Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第5期3卷 24-28页

作者： Pablo Jauregui Monica Salomone Communications Department BBVA FoundationMadridSpain

Introduction:This paper outlines the origins and rationale of the Frontiers of Knowledge Awards,a new family of international prizes created in 2008 by the bbva Foundation of *** aim of these awards is to recognize world-class contributions in a range of scientific,technological,and artistic areas which address the central challenges of the twenty-first *** key distinguishing feature is the fact that they have incorporated amongst their categories the two fundamental fields of contemporary environmental research:Ecology and Conservation Biology and Climate ***:By documenting the winners of the Frontiers of Knowledge Awards in these two areas,as well as the reasons for which they received this recognition during their previous nine editions,we show how these prizes have helped to identify some of the leading international figures in environmental science,such as Edward ***,Daniel ***,Jane Lubchenco,and Ilkka ***:In conclusion,we suggest that this initiative contributes to the public salience of the global ecological problems which threaten the future of our *** the same time,the Frontiers of Knowledge Awards serve to highlight the fundamental importance of the pioneering scientists whose research can provide the only reliable basis on which globalpolicy makers must make informed decisions to successfully confront the environmental challenges of our time.

关键词： Ecology conservation biology climate change Awards

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Retirement and labour markets under the context of pension reform in Latin America

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Economic and Political Studies 2017年第4期5卷 475-500页

作者： David Tuesta Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria(bbva Research) MadridSpain

Latin America has been experiencing a process of pension reform for more than three *** these reforms have had some success in helping the systems achieve fiscal sustainability,they have not provided the citizens of Latin American countries with broad social protection,thus leaving a certain proportion of people without access to pensions during their old age and,in many cases,forcing them to extend their participation in the labour ***,there is a need to identify the socioeconomic factors that promote the likelihood of obtaining a pension or,conversely,of continuing to work into old *** on micro-data from the National Household Surveys of five representative Latin American countries,this paper uses a Probit model to investigate this *** on country-specific aspects,this research finds that factors such as wealth accumulated during working years,high levels of education,additional income flows,family support,and age and gender tend to define the fate of the elderly regardless of whether they are included under the social protection umbrella.

关键词： Pension retirement social security Latin America

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Pass-through Effects of Global Commodity Prices on China's Inflation:An Empirical Investigation

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China & World Economy 2008年第6期16卷 22-34页

作者： Ligang Liu Andrew Tsang Chief Economist for China Research Department Bank Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria （BBVA）Hong Kong Branch Principal Economist Research DepartmentBBVA Hong Kong Branch

The present paper uses a two-step approach to estimate the pass-through effects of changes in international commodity prices and the RMB exchange rate on domestic consumer price inflation in China. We first estimate the pass-through effects of international commodity prices on producer prices and then estimate the pass-through effects of producer price inflation on consumer price inflation. We find that a l O-percent increase in international commodity prices would lead to China＇ s producer prices increasing by 1.2 percent 3 months later, which in turn would increase China＇ s domestic inflation by 0.24 percent over the same period. However, a 10-percent appreciation of the RMB exchange rate against the US dollar would help to reduce increases in producer prices by 4.4 percent over the following 3 months, which in turn would lead to a 0. 89-percent decline in consumer price inflation over the same period. Our findings suggest that appreciation of the RMB in an environment of rising global commodity prices and a weak US dollar could be an effective instrument to help contain inflation in China.

关键词： China commodity price exchange rate pass-through

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宗教与政治:对欧洲和美国的比较分析

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开放时代 2006年第4期 23-37页

作者： Jon D.Miller Rafael Pardo 宋长青胡帆 North western University Fundacion bbva

通过对美国和欧洲共10个国家(英国、法国、德国、意大利、西班牙、丹麦、荷兰、奥地利、波兰)的16,000名成年人进行的跨国调查(2002及2003年),本文考察了当地的宗教信仰状况,着重于他们对神权、生命的实质及生命的开始等三方面的理解认... 详细信息

通过对美国和欧洲共10个国家(英国、法国、德国、意大利、西班牙、丹麦、荷兰、奥地利、波兰)的16,000名成年人进行的跨国调查(2002及2003年),本文考察了当地的宗教信仰状况,着重于他们对神权、生命的实质及生命的开始等三方面的理解认识,并进一步研究了他们的一些宗教行为(如祈祷及参与宗教活动的频率)和对宗教领袖的信任程度。本文的重点在于分析个人宗教价值观对其就新兴生化科技所持政治态度的影响。为此收集了广泛的研究数据,考察受访者对主要生化科技,如胚胎干细胞应用、转基因食品和克隆等的观点和态度。最后,使用多元回归研究模式的结构方程模型(SEM)分别描述了人们的宗教价值观、对生命的理解、年龄、性别和教育水平等几个变量对于堕胎、胚胎干细胞应用研究和安乐死等三项公共政策争论的影响。

关键词：宗教领袖政治态度欧洲宗教价值观胚胎干细胞美国结构方程模型转基因食品信仰状况信任程度

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