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research Article Local structure and magnetic properties of a nanocrystalline Mnrich Cantor alloy thin film down to the atomic scale

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Nano research 2023年第4期16卷 5626-5639页

作者： Alevtina Smekhova Alexei Kuzmin Konrad Siemensmeyer Chen Luo James Taylor Sangeeta Thakur florin radu Eugen Weschke Ana Guilherme Buzanich Bin Xiao Alan Savan Kirill V.Yusenko Alfred Ludwig Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie(HZB) Berlin D-12489Germany Institute of Solid State Physics University of LatviaRiga LV-1063Latvia Physik-Department Technische Universität MünchenGarching D-85748Germany Institut für Experimentalphysik Freie Universität BerlinBerlin 14195Germany bundesanstalt für materialforschung und-prüfung(bam) Berlin D-12489Germany Institut für Werkstoffe Ruhr-Universität BochumBochum D-44801Germany

The huge atomic heterogeneity of high-entropy materials along with a possibility to unravel the behavior of individual components at the atomic scale suggests a great promise in designing new compositionally complex systems with the desired ***,we apply multi-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy(extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAfS),Xray absorption near edge structure(XANES),and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism(XMCD))to probe the structural,electronic,and magnetic properties of all individual constituents in the single-phase face-centered cubic(fcc)-structured nanocrystalline thin film of Cr_(20)Mn_(26)fe_(18)Co_(19)Ni_(17)(at.%)high-entropy alloy on the local *** local crystallographic ordering and componentdependent lattice displacements were explored within the reverse Monte Carlo approach applied to EXAfS spectra collected at the K absorption edges of several constituents at room temperature.A homogeneous short-range fcc atomic environment around the absorbers of each type with very similar statistically averaged interatomic distances(2.54-2.55Å)to their nearest-neighbors and enlarged structural relaxations of Cr atoms were *** and XMCD spectra collected at the L2,3 absorption edges of all principal components at low temperature from the oxidized and in situ cleaned surfaces were used to probe the oxidation states,the changes in the electronic structure,and magnetic behavior of all constituents at the surface and in the sub-surface volume of the *** spin and orbital magnetic moments of fe,Co,and Ni components were quantitatively *** presence of magnetic phase transitions and the co-existence of different magnetic phases were uncovered by conventional magnetometry in a broad temperature range.

关键词： high-entropy alloys reverse Monte Carlo(rMC) element-specific spectroscopy extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAfS) X-ray magnetic circular dichroism(XMCD) magnetism

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Characterization and modeling of the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity in sintered porous silicon-aluminum nanomaterials

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Nano research 2022年第6期15卷 5663-5670页

作者： Danny Kojda Tommy Hofmann Natalia Gostkowska-Lekner Klaus Habicht Department Dynamics and Transport in Quantum Materials Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHBerlin D-14109Germany Institute of Physics and Astronomy University of PotsdamPotsdam D-14476Germany

Nanostructured silicon and silicon-aluminum compounds are synthesized by a novel synthesis strategy based on spark plasma sintering(SPS)of silicon nanopowder,mesoporous silicon(pSi),and aluminum *** interplay of metal-assisted crystallization and inherent porosity is exploited to largely suppress thermal *** and temperaturedependent thermal conductivity studies allow us to elucidate the impact of porosity and nanostructure on the macroscopic heat *** electron microscopy along with quantitative image analysis is applied to characterize the sample morphology in terms of domain size and interpore distance *** demonstrate that nanostructured domains and high porosity can be maintained in densified mesoporous silicon *** contrast,strong grain growth is observed for sintered nanopowders under similar sintering *** observe that aluminum agglomerations induce local grain growth,while aluminum diffusion is observed in porous silicon and dispersed nanoparticles.A detailed analysis of the measured thermal conductivity between 300 and 773 K allows us to distinguish the effect of reduced thermal conductivity caused by porosity from the reduction induced by phonon scattering at nanosized *** a modified Landauer/Lundstrom approach the relative thermal conductivity and the scattering length are *** relative thermal conductivity confirms the applicability of Kirkpatrick’s effective medium *** extracted scattering lengths are in excellent agreement with the harmonic mean of log-normal distributed domain sizes and the interpore distances combined by Matthiessen’s rule.

关键词： thermal conductivity mesoporous silicon porosity spark plasma sintering nanoscale modeling

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Mussel-inspired multifunctional coating for bacterial infection prevention and osteogenic induction

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第9期68卷 160-171页

作者： Mingjun Li Christoph Schlaich Jianguang Zhang Ievgen S.Donskyi Karin Schwibbert frank Schreiber Yi Xi Jorg radnik Tanja Schwerdtle rainer Haag Center for Health Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China Institut fur Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universitat BerlinBerlin 14195Germany Division Biodeterioration and reference Organisms Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing(BAM)Berlin 12205Germany Division of Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing(BAM)Berlin 12205Germany Institute of Nutritional Science Department of Food ChemistryUniversity of PotsdamNuthetal D-14558Germany

Bacterial infection and osteogenic integration are the two main problems that cause severe complications after surgeries. In this study, the antibacterial and osteogenic properties were simultaneously introduced in biomaterials, where copper nanoparticles(Cu NPs) were generated by in situ reductions of Cu ions into a mussel-inspired hyperbranched polyglycerol(MI-h PG) coating via a simple dip-coating *** hyperbranched polyglycerol with 10 % catechol groups’ modification presents excellent antifouling property, which could effectively reduce bacteria adhesion on the surface. In this work, polycaprolactone(PCL) electrospun fiber membrane was selected as the substrate, which is commonly used in biomedical implants in bone regeneration and cardiovascular stents because of its good biocompatibility and easy post-modification. The as-fabricated Cu NPs-incorporated PCL membrane [PCL-(MI-h PG)-Cu NPs]was confirmed with effective antibacterial performance via in vitro antibacterial tests against Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus), Escherichia coli(E. coli), and multi-resistant E. coli. In addition, the in vitro results demonstrated that osteogenic property of PCL-(MI-h PG)-Cu NPs was realized by upregulating the osteoblast-related gene expressions and protein activity. This study shows that antibacterial and osteogenic properties can be balanced in a surface coating by introducing Cu NPs.

关键词： Mussel-inspired coating CuNPs Multi-resistant bacteria Antibacterial Antifouling Osteogenesis

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Influence of Bi on the thermoelectric properties of SrTiO_(3-d)

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Journal of Materiomics 2019年第1期5卷 88-93页

作者： Cong Chen Mohamed Bousnina fabien Giovannelli fabian Delorme Universite de Tours CNRSINSA CVLGREMAN UMR 7347IUT de Blois15 rue de la chocolaterieCS 290341029Blois CedexFrance bundesanstalt für materialforschung und eprüfung(bam) Unter den Eichen 8712205BerlinGermany

The thermoelectric properties of Sr1-xBixTiO_(3-δ)(0≤x≤0.07)have been *** ceramics of Sr1-xBixTiO_(3-δ) and Sr0.95TiO_(3-δ) have been prepared by solid-state reaction and conventional sintering in air followed by annealing in a reducing *** and SEM analyses show that the rutile TiO_(2 i)n Sr_(0.95)TiO_(3) formed after sintering becomes Magneli phase of TinO_(2n-1) after ***,Bi resolves from Sr1-xBixTiO_(3 )after annealing,resulting in the formation of Sr1-xBixTiO_(3-δ)/Bi/TinO_(2n-1) *** increasing Bi content in Sr1-xBixTiO_(3-δ),the electrical conductivity increases while the absolute values of the Seebeck coefficient decrease as a result of increasing carrier *** thermal conductivity of SrTiO_(3-δ) is reduced by doping Bi up to x=*** ZT~0.13 is obtained in Sr0.93Bi0.07TiO_(3-δ) at 1000 K.

关键词： Thermoelectrics SrTiO_(3) Composite Bi Magneli phase

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Commission for the Management ＆ Application of Geoscience Information （CGI）

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Episodes 2006年第3期29卷 231-233页

作者： Dr. Kristine Asch Ian Jackson bundesanstalt fiir Geowissenschafien und rohstoffe （federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural resources） Stilleweg 2 D - 30655 Hannover Germany British Geological Survey Kingsley Dunham Centre Keyworth Nottingham NG12 5GG UK

An introduction to CGI Information in general and digital information in particular, underpins all of the IUGS strategic objectives. CGI is helping to address a growing need to improve the quality and range of both information content and the applications that are used to acquire, analyse, process and disseminate geoscience data. It will do this by the exchange of knowledge and best practice and the support for standards. CGI is a new （strictly speaking, re-activated） Commission, founded by the lUGS in late 2002 following the demise of an earlier information Commission, COGEOINfO. Early tasks for CGI were to establish its objectives, set up its structure and modus operandi, elect its Council and establish a web presence. The new Commission was formally ratified by the IUGS at the IGC in florence in 2004 and also held its first full Open Meeting there.

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基于便携式坐标测量机的大齿轮测量方法

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光学精密工程 2013年第7期21卷 1763-1770页

作者：林虎 frank Hrtig Karin Kniel 石照耀北京工业大学机械工程与应用电子技术学院 Physikalisch-Technische bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 38116 BraunschweigGermany

针对目前便携式坐标测量机测量大齿轮的采样策略和评定算法存在的不足,设计了两种特殊的辅助标尺-渐开线标尺及螺旋线标尺。利用设计的两种标尺在大齿轮齿面上对齿廓及螺旋线的测量点进行标注,开展了齿轮的在位重复性测量的实验研究。... 详细信息

针对目前便携式坐标测量机测量大齿轮的采样策略和评定算法存在的不足,设计了两种特殊的辅助标尺-渐开线标尺及螺旋线标尺。利用设计的两种标尺在大齿轮齿面上对齿廓及螺旋线的测量点进行标注,开展了齿轮的在位重复性测量的实验研究。利用关节臂坐标测量机及激光跟踪仪测量系统在德国计量研究院研制的1m外径齿轮样板上开展了测量实验,采用INVOLUTE pro对采样数据点进行评定,给出了测量结果及测量不确定度。测量实验表明,基于新的齿轮测量方法,关节臂坐标测量机比激光跟踪仪测量系统测量结果更为精确,测试结果与标定值最大相差8.16μm。实验结果验证了提出方法的有效性,为便携式坐标测量机在大齿轮测量领域的应用提供了依据。

关键词：大齿轮测量便携式坐标测量机大齿轮样板

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在滑动的聚合物界面上原位研究摩擦学过程

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摩擦学学报 1988年第3期 189-196页

作者： Horst Czichos,鄂吉胜 bundesanstalt fr Materialprfung(bam) federal Institute for Materials research and Teshng)Berlin—Oahlem

对热塑性聚合物与光学透明盘滑动时的摩擦学界面过程进行了显微研究,用电视记录,像处理技术进行分析。发现了导致磨损的不同机理(例如,粘着转移,划痕的形成,微粒的产生等),这取决于聚合物类型和摩擦条件。理论估算和显微观察揭示了聚合... 详细信息

对热塑性聚合物与光学透明盘滑动时的摩擦学界面过程进行了显微研究,用电视记录,像处理技术进行分析。发现了导致磨损的不同机理(例如,粘着转移,划痕的形成,微粒的产生等),这取决于聚合物类型和摩擦条件。理论估算和显微观察揭示了聚合物的转移取决于聚合物受剪切时的屈服强度与额定界面应力之比,并且能够确定在界面上的聚合物磨粒尺寸的分布。

关键词：聚合物 PTfE 转移膜大分子化合物聚合物材料磨损微粒摩擦学原位研究

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德国北部二氧化碳储存候选场地的大背斜构造区域调查、选址和地质特征

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水文地质工程地质技术方法动态 2010年第5期 1-11页

作者： robert Meyer 葛秀珍（翻译）何雪洲（校对） bundesanstalt fu r Geowissenschaflen und rohstoffe （BGr） Stilleweg 2 30655 Hannover 不详

工业革命以来，迅速发展的科学技术和工业生产给人类的生活带来了巨大的变化，人类能够更加自由的利用和支配自然。特别是煤、石油和天然气等化石燃料大规模地开发利用，极大地提高了人类的生活水平。人们在享用这些化石燃料及其衍生产... 详细信息

工业革命以来，迅速发展的科学技术和工业生产给人类的生活带来了巨大的变化，人类能够更加自由的利用和支配自然。特别是煤、石油和天然气等化石燃料大规模地开发利用，极大地提高了人类的生活水平。人们在享用这些化石燃料及其衍生产品带来生活便利的同时，其过度使用和依赖也带来了潜在的能源危机，同时也造成了以二氧化碳为主的温室气体的大量排放。大量的事实表明，这些温室气体的超量排放是全球气候变暖和全球极端气候事件频发的诱因之一。为了降低二氧化碳大量排放对全球环境和人类生活的影响，减排已经成为全球当务之急。为应对这一挑战，二氧化碳地质储存是极具发展潜力的减缓温室气体排放的技术之一。二氧化碳地质储存的实施，无疑将有助于遏制全球气候变化等危险的趋势。本文报告了德国东北部储存二氧化碳潜在的海岸场地（咸水含水层）的区域性筛选、选择和地质特征。本研究的目的是确定和调查候选储存场地，其储存总量约400Mt二氧化碳。现代的褐煤发电厂，在生产期限内，要生产这个量的二氧化碳大约需要40年。本文评价了德国东北部，三叠系、侏罗系和白垩系的几个成水含水层的区域产状、储存潜力和基本储水性能。同时还评价了等级评分、涉及的不同标准。从许多确认的候选位置中选择了Schweinrivh背斜构造支撑的三叠系最上层和侏罗系最下层的咸水含水层。根据地质场地的特点，包括构造地质调查和3D含水层建模，Schweinrich构造似乎是储存大规模工业二氧化碳比较适合的位置。为了证明储存二氧化碳场址构造的完整性和确保长期的安全性，需要进一步状耿数据（新井和3D地震）和调查。

关键词：德国二氧化碳储存场地储存量咸水含水层德国北部盆地

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焊接中热裂纹现象

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国外科技新书评介 2006年第7期 7-7页

作者： Th．博林豪斯（编） H．赫罗尔德（编）庞铭 bam bundesanstalt für materialforschung und-prüfung Germany Institut fur füge-und Strahltechnik Fakultat für Maschinenbau Otto-von-Guerieke-UniversitatGermany （ Eds. ）中国科学院力学研究所博士生

在焊接过程中，避免热裂纹是一个主要的研究热点。最新采用的焊接方法是通过增加热裂纹的敏感性来控制裂纹，如采用电弧焊接奥氏体不锈钢时，接头处就不会产生裂纹。目前还没有完全了解清楚焊接中的热裂纹产生机理，虽然已经开发出一些... 详细信息

在焊接过程中，避免热裂纹是一个主要的研究热点。最新采用的焊接方法是通过增加热裂纹的敏感性来控制裂纹，如采用电弧焊接奥氏体不锈钢时，接头处就不会产生裂纹。目前还没有完全了解清楚焊接中的热裂纹产生机理，虽然已经开发出一些软件来预测焊接母材和填充材料的抗热裂纹性，但是，由于不同的软件预测出的结果不一样，导致用软件模拟很难预测真实的焊接情况。本书收集了8个国家有关焊接热裂纹研究的最新进展，读者从中可以了解到各国对于焊接热裂纹产生机制的不同见解。

关键词：焊接过程裂纹现象焊接热裂纹软件预测奥氏体不锈钢焊接方法电弧焊接产生机理填充材料软件模拟

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Dimensional characterization of cadmium selenide nanocrystals via indirect fourier transform evaluation of small-angle X-ray scattering data

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Nano research 2019年第11期12卷 2849-2857页

作者： Julian Cedric Porsiel Bilal Temel Alfred Schirmacher Egbert Buhr Georg Garnweitner Institute for Particle Technology(iPAT) Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweig38104Germany Physikalisch-Technische bundesanstalt Braunschweig Braunschweig38116Germany Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweig38106Germany

The correlation of single-particle imaging and absorption spectroscopy made the development of sizing curves possible and enabled rapid size determination of semiconductor nanocrystals based solely on optical *** increasing demand and production of such materials has resulted in a question of comparability between existing models and adequate volume-weighted size-determining measurement ***-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS)is a well-established method for obtaining nanostructural information from particle systems while operating sample quantities up to a commercial scale with a large amount of statistically based *** work utilizes laboratory SAXS to characterize cadmium selenide nanocrystals with band edge energies between 1.97 and 3.08 *** evaluation of the scattering patterns is based on an indirect fourier transformation(IfT),while dimensional parameters are derived from the model-free pair distance distribution functions(Dmode and Dg),as well as the modeled volume(Dv)and number(Dn)-weighted size-density *** find that comparable data from D̅n agree well with existing X-ray diffraction(XrD)and with transmission electron microscopy(TEM)results described in literature;this qualifies SAXS as an equivalent integral characterization *** based on an estimate,the radius of gyration yields equivalent accurate ***,corresponding volume-weighted data are shown that can be useful when transferring information to other *** parametrization represents the largest estimated size of the sample and implies that particles interact and deviate from the spherical morphology,whereas Dv demonstrates results not considering such effects.A full set of the parameters discussed quantifies the quality of a sample.

关键词： quantum dots small angle scattering indirect fourier transform transmission electron microscopy optical absorption spectroscopy particle size distribution

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