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Positive association between forest management, environmental change, and forest bird abundance

Forest Ecosystems 2019年第1期6卷 26-37页

作者： Ernst Detlef Schulze Dylan Craven Andrew M.Durso Jiri Reif Marcus Guderle Franz Kroiher Petra Hennig Anne Weiserbs Peter Schall Christian Ammer Nico Eisenhauer Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Biodiversity Macroecology and Biogeography Faculty of forest Science and Forest Ecology University G?ttingen Institute of Environmental Studies Faculty of ScienceCharles University Thünen-Institute for Forest Ecosystems aves-natagora Départment Etudes Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the temperate Zones University of G?ttingen German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) and Leipzig University Institute of Biology

Background: The global decrease in wildlife populations, especially birds, is mainly due to land use change and increasing intensity of land use(Parmesan and Yohe 2003). However, impacts of management tools to mitigate biodiversity loss at regional and global scales are less apparent in forest regions that have a constant forest area,and which did not suffer from habitat degradation, and where forests are sustainably managed, such as in Central Europe or the northeastern USA. A biodiversity assessment for Germany suggested, for example, that bird populations were constant(Bundesamt für Naturschutz 2015).Results: This study shows that changes in the environment and in forest management over the past 45 years have had a significant, positive effect on the abundance of non-migratory forest bird species in Central Europe. Economy(timber prices and GDP), forest management(timber harvest and mixed forest area), and environmental factors(atmospheric CO_2 concentration and nitrogen deposition) were investigated together with changes in abundances of migratory and non-migratory forest birds using partial least squares path modeling. Climate change, resulting in longer seasons and milder winters, and forest management, promoting tree diversity, were significantly positively related to the abundance of non-migratory forest birds and explained 92% of the variation in their abundance in Europe. Regionally-migrating forest birds had stable populations with large variation, while birds migrating across continents declined in recent decades, suggesting significant, contrasting changes in bird populations in Europe. In northeastern North America we also found evidence that non-migratory forests have experienced long-term increases in abundance, and this increase was related to management. The increase of populations of nonmigratory forest birds in Europe and North America is associated with an increase in structural diversity and disturbances at the landscape ***: Our

关键词： Climate change Birds Biodiversity Timber harvest Econo my Forest management

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Weather influenced nestling growth of an insectivorous but not a granivorous grassland passerine in Argentina

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 156-162页

作者： Martín Alejandro Colombo Adrian Jauregui Luciano N.Segura Laboratorio de Ecología de aves.Institute“Dr.Raúl A.Ringuelet”(ILPLA)-UNLP/CONICET Boulevard 1201437La PlataB1900Buenos AiresArgentina

Nestling growth of birds can be affected by weather *** general,it is expected that higher temper-atures favor growth by improving food availability and nestling metabolism,while rain hinders it by reducing foraging ***,most of these patterns have been described in insectivorous cavity-nesting birds in temperate *** tested these predictions in two neotropical grassland ground-nesting birds with contrasting nestling diets and therefore potentially different responses to *** measured nestlings of the Hellmayr’s Pipit(Anthus hellmayri,an insectivorous passerine)and the Grassland Yellow-Finch(Sicalis luteola,which feeds its nestlings exclusively with seeds)during three breeding seasons(2017-2020)in central-eastern *** took measurements of tarsus and body mass,modeled growth curves using nonlinear mixed-effects models,and evaluated the effects of minimum daily temperature and precipitation during the growth period and the 30 days prior to *** pipits(60 nestlings from 21 nests),minimum temperatures during the growth period were positively associated with tarsus and body mass ***,there was a positive association between precipitation during the pre-hatching period and tarsus ***,none of the weather variables analyzed had significant effects on nestling growth of finches(131 nestlings from 35 nests).Dietary contrast between species may explain the different *** activity and abundance can be affected by weather variations within the span of a breeding season,whereas seeds may depend on conditions from previous years,making the effects harder to *** with reduced asymptotic size can have reduced chances of ***,pipit populations could be impacted if they experience cold and dry conditions during their breeding season,which is of major relevance in the current context of climate change.

关键词： Finches Grassland birds Neotropical birds Pipits Precipitation Temperature

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West Meets East——Observations on Integrative Medicine in Rheumatology from the USA

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2008年第3期14卷 165-166页

作者： H.Ralph Schumacher University of Pennsylvania VA Medical Center151 KUniversity & Woodland AvesPhiladelphiaPA 19104U.S.A.

Integrating concepts and methods from Asia into standard academic Western medicine has been felt to offer important potential advantages. Western medicine methods of objective systematic evaluation can also offer pote... 详细信息

关键词： West Meets East Observations on Integrative Medicine in Rheumatology from the USA

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Effects of the availability of floral resources and neighboring plants on nectar robbery in a specialized pollination system

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Current Zoology 2022年第5期68卷 541-548页

作者： Júlia Mendonça Almeida Caio César Corrêa Missagia Maria Alice Santos Alves Graduação Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro(UNIRIO)CEPAvenida Pasteur458Rio de Janeiro 22290-240Brazil Departamento de Ecologia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e EvoluçãoInstituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes(IBRAG)Laboratório de Ecologia de Aves e ComportamentoUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro(UERJ)Rua São Francisco Xavier524 Rio de JaneiroRJCEPRio de Janeiro 20550-011Brazil Departamento de Ecologia IBRAGLaboratório de Ecologia de Aves UERJ.Rua São Francisco Xavier524 Rio de JaneiroRJCEPRio de Janeiro 20550-011Brazil

Many plants pollinated by nectar-foraging animals have to maintain a balance between legitimate visitor attraction strategies and mechanisms that minimize illegitimate *** study investigated how floral display and neighboring species composition influences nectar robbing by hummingbirds in the tropical ornithophilous herb Heliconia *** tested the role of inflorescence display,flower abundance,and neighboring species in the reduction of nectar robbing in *** results indicate that nectar robbing hummingbird activity was higher in moderately large inflorescence displays and that the frequency of nectar robbing in *** decreases with increased flower abundance and the presence of neighboring plant *** non-ornithophilous plants decreased the frequency of nectar robbing in *** flowers to a greater extent than ornithophilous *** results suggest that nectar robbing hummingbirds are attracted to similar conditions that attract legitimate visitors and that spatial aggregation and mixed-species displays may represent a mechanism to dilute nectar robbing effects at an individual level.

关键词： Brazilian Atlantic forest density floral antagonists Heliconiaceae

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Annual variation of adult survival of a south-temperate House Wren population in Argentina

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 229-237页

作者： Gustavo J.Fernandez Mariana E.Carro Paulo E.Llambías Grupo de Investigacion en Ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestre INIBIOMA-CONICETAsentamiento Universitario San Martín de los Andes(AUSMA)Universidad Nacional Del ComahuePasaje de la Paz 235(8370)San Martín de los AndesNeuquenArgentina Grupo de Investigacion de Biología de aves IADIZA CCT-MendozaUniversidad Nacional de CuyoAvenida RuizLeal s/n Parque General San Martin5500MendozaArgentina

Identifying factors affecting the survival of individuals is essential for understanding the evolution of life-history traits and population *** numerous studies on this subject in north-temperate environments,there is a lack of equivalent studies at similar latitudes in the ***,we used a 14-year dataset of capture,banding,and resighting to estimate the annual variation in the apparent adult survival probability of a south-temperate population of House Wrens(Troglodytes aedon bonariae).We evaluated temporal variation in sur-vival and the effect of environmental(climatic)and demographic variables(adult abundance,total number of fledglings produced during each breeding season)on survival *** found that the probability of adult survival decreased as the abundance of breeding adults *** density-dependent effect could be related to the resident lifestyle of southern House Wrens,which could determine an intense competition for territories and resources that ultimately would affect their survival.

关键词： Annual variation CJS Density-dependence Survival Troglodytes aedon bonariae

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Demographic and behavioral responses of the White-winged Dove to human disturbances during winter in northwestern Mexico

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Avian Research 2022年第4期13卷 437-444页

作者： Ruben Ortega-Alvarez Jovani Le on-Aguilar Antonio Isain Contreras-Rodríguez Gustavo Casta neda de los Santos Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad(IIES)-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Campus MoreliaAntigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 8711Col.San Jose de la HuertaMoreliaMichoacan58190Mexico Programa de aves Urbanas(PAU) Los MochisSinaloaMexico Quirino Mendoza#320 Colonia del CarmenXochimilcoCiudad de Mexico16720Mexico Departamento de Educacion Ambiental Jardín Bot anico Benjamin Francis JohnstonSinaloaMexico

The simultaneous study of demography and behavior might provide a more comprehensive understanding about animal responses to anthropogenic *** White-winged Dove(Zenaida asiatica)is a frequent dweller of urban and agricultural habitats in North America,Central America,and the ***,research on the species is heavily biased to the *** analyzed the response of the species to human disturbances during winter across an urban-agricultural landscape in northwestern Mexico through a demographic and behavioral *** modeled the effect of disturbance types(pedestrians,cars,pavement and building cover)on the density of the ***,we investigated if surveillance behavior varied across the landscape by estimating and comparing perching proportion among land uses(urban grey areas,urban green areas,cropfields,shrublands).We did not detect the species within cropfields,possibly because food resources were not available for the dove during winter in this land *** cover limited species’density,as it might reduce the surface of the preferred feeding substrates of the *** and building cover increased the density of the species,as they might provide food and shelter for the dove,*** behavior peaked in urban grey areas,whereas it dropped in urban green *** on threat levels,threat type,and protective cover among land uses might in-fluence such behavioral *** approach contributes to the knowledge of the species and demonstrates that both demographic and behavioral cues provide complementary evidence for analyzing the impact of human disturbances on animals.

关键词： Agriculture Density Perch Sinaloa Urbanization Zenaida asiatica

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石油泄漏对暴风海燕群体的短期影响(英文)

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动物学报 2006年第6期52卷 1042-1048页

作者： Ainara AZKONA I■igo ZUBEROGOITIA Jose Antonio MART■NEZ Jon ETXEZARRETA Agurtzane IRAETA I■aki CASTILLO Jabier ZABALA Sonia HIDALGO Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi Zorroagagaina Kalea 11.20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Estudios Medioambientales Icarus S.L. Apdo 106.48940 Leioa Bizkaia SpainSociedad para el Estudio de las Aves Rapaces(SEAR) Karl Marx 15 4°F 48950 Erandio Bizkaia Spain C/Juan de la Cierva 43 E-03080 El Campello Alicante Spain Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi Zorroagagaina Kalea 11.20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi Zorroagagaina Kalea 11.20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Sociedad para el Estudio de las Aves Rapaces(SEAR) Karl Marx 15 4°F 48950 Erandio Bizkaia Spain Sociedad para el Estudio de las aves Rapaces(SEAR) Karl Marx 15 4°F 48950 Erandio Bizkaia Spain

2002年11月原油泄漏前后,我们对伊比利亚半岛比斯开湾内的Aketx岛上的暴风海燕(Hydrobatespelagicus)进行了监测。1993 -2005年期间,利用雾网法调查了暴风海燕的数量,并通过直接观察法来统计雏鸟出飞率。在石油泄漏前,暴风海燕的种群数... 详细信息

2002年11月原油泄漏前后,我们对伊比利亚半岛比斯开湾内的Aketx岛上的暴风海燕(Hydrobatespelagicus)进行了监测。1993 -2005年期间,利用雾网法调查了暴风海燕的数量,并通过直接观察法来统计雏鸟出飞率。在石油泄漏前,暴风海燕的种群数量亦存在年际波动,天气变化和食物丰盛度可能是引起这一现象的根本原因。在2003年,繁殖个体的身体条件较前些年差,繁殖对的数量和雏鸟成活率也有所下降。2004年繁殖对的数量明显少于2003年,繁殖个体的身体状况稍强于2003年,且所有卵都孵化成功。2005年的种群数量已经回升到石油泄漏前的水平,几乎所有配对的暴风海燕都能成功繁殖,亲鸟的身体条件也恢复到了石油泄漏前的水平。值得注意的是,这一群体中幼年个体的数量仍在减少,表明石油污染对种群数量的影响仍然存在,确定污染物在体内积累对这些海鸟所造成的影响将是下一步研究的重点。

关键词：暴风海燕石油泄漏

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Trophic niche changes associated with the eradication of invasive mammals in an insular lizard: an assessment using isotopes

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Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 211-219页

作者： Sara F.NUNES Mario MOTA-FERREIRA Marta SAMPAIO Joana ANDRADE Nuno OLIVEIRA Rui REBELO Ricardo ROCHA Faculty of Sciences Centre for EcologyEvolution and Environmental ChangesUniversity of LisbonLisbon1749-016Portugal CIBI0-lnBI0 Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic ResourcesUniversity of PortoVairao4485-661Portugal CIBI0-lnBI0 Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic ResourcesInstitute of AgronomyUniversity of LisbonLisbon1349-017Portugal Sociedade Portuguesa Para o Estudo das aves Av.Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro873°AndarLisboa1070-062Portugal

Invasive species are a major threat to island biodiversity,and their eradications have substantially contributed to the conservation of island ***,the consequences of eradications on the trophic ecology of native taxa are largely ***,we used the eradication of invasive black rats Rattus rattus and European rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus from the Berlenga Island,in the western coast of Portugal,as a whole-ecosystem experiment to investigate the effects of the eradication of invasive mammals on the trophic niche and body dimensions of the island-restricted Berlenga wall lizard Podarcis carbonelli berlengensis over a 2-year *** results suggest an expansion of the isotopic niche and an intensification of the sexual dimorphism of the lizard following mammal ***,we found considerable variability in isotopic niche across the island and detected evidence of sex-specific and season-modulated nutritional requirements of this threatened *** findings support that the eradication of 2 of the planets most problematic invasive vertebrates led to changes in the lizard trophic niche and sexual dimorphism in just 2 *** suggests that the ecological pressuresfor example,prey availability and habitat structureto which lizards are exposed have substantially changed *** study emphasizes the scientific value of island eradications as experiments to address a wide range of ecological questions and adds to the increasing body of evidence supporting substantial conservation gains associated with these restoration interventions.

关键词： food-webs invasive species eradication Oryctolagus cuniculus Podarcis carbonelli berlengensis Rattus rattus

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Evaluation of curcumin and copper acetate against Salmonella Typhimurium infection,intestinal permeability,and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 1019-1030页

作者： Anaisa ALeyva-Diaz Daniel Hernandez-Patlan Bruno Solis-Cruz Bishnu Adhikari Young Min Kwon Juan D.Latorre Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco Benjamin Fuente-Martinez Billy M.Hargis Raquel Lopez-Arellano Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y ZootecniaUNAM04510 Ciudad de MexicoMexico Laboratorio 5:LEDEFAR Unidad de Investigacion MultidisciplinariaFacultad de Estudios Superiores(FES)CuautitlanUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico(UNAM)54714 Cuautitlan IzcalliMexico Department of Poultry Science Center of Excellence for Poultry ScienceUniversity of Arkansas1260 W.MaplePOSC 0-114FayettevilleAR 72704USA Centro de Ensenanza Investigacion y Extension en Produccion AvicolaFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y ZootecniaUNAMCiudad de MexicoMexico

Background:Interest in the use of natural feed additives as an alternative to antimicrobials in the poultry industry has increased in recent years because of the risk of bacterial *** of the most studied groups are polyphenolic compounds,given their advantages over other types of additives and their easy potentiation of effects when complexes are formed with metal ***,the objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of dietary supplementation of copper acetate(CA),curcumin(CR),and their combination(CA-CR)against Salmonella Typhimurium colonization,intestinal permeability,and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens through a laboratory Salmonella infection *** recovery was determined on day 10 post-challenge by isolating Salmonella in homogenates of the right cecal tonsil(12 chickens per group)on Xylose Lysine Tergitol-4(XLT-4)with novobiocin and nalidixic *** integrity was indirectly determined by the fluorometric measurement of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-d)in serum samples from blood obtained on d 10 *** ***,microbiota analysis was performed using the content of the left caecal tonsil of 5 chickens per group by sequencing V4 region of 16S rRNA ***:The results showed that in two independent studies,all experimental treatments were able to significantly reduce the *** colonization in cecal tonsils(CT,P<0.0001)compared to the positive control(PC)***,only CA-CR was the most effective treatment in reducing *** counts in both independent ***,the serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-d)concentration in chickens treated with CR was significantly lower when compared to PC(P=0.0084),which is related to a decrease in intestinal permeability and therefore intestinal *** effect of dietary treatments in reducing Salmonella was further supported by the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences using Li

关键词： Broiler chickens Copper acetate Curcumin Intestinal permeability Microbiota composition Salmonella Typhimurium

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人类休闲活动对森林鸟类群落无有害影响(英文)

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动物学报 2007年第1期53卷 54-63页

作者： David PALOMINO Luis M.CARRASCAL rea de Estudio y Seguimiento de aves Sociedad Espaola de OrnitologíaC/Melquiades Biencinto 3428053 MadridSpain Dept.of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology National Museum of Natural SciencesCSIC.C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 228006 MadridSpain

我们对西班牙马德里森林深处(未受到人类干扰)、森林小路沿线(间或有徒步旅行者经过)以及森林野餐区(有较持久干扰)的鸟类进行了调查,以查明人类休闲活动对该地区鸟类群落的分布和多度的影响。结合样方法对以上3类区域鸟类群落的总体特... 详细信息

我们对西班牙马德里森林深处(未受到人类干扰)、森林小路沿线(间或有徒步旅行者经过)以及森林野餐区(有较持久干扰)的鸟类进行了调查,以查明人类休闲活动对该地区鸟类群落的分布和多度的影响。结合样方法对以上3类区域鸟类群落的总体特征(如:鸟类的多度、物种的丰富度和多样性)、不同鸟类群体的特征(如:鸦科鸟类的多度,营巢或者取食集团的特征)、各鸟种的多度等参数进行了比较。结果表明:小路沿线和野餐区样方内鸟类的多度和物种丰富度比森林深处更高,已查明14种鸟类的多度在人为干扰区域比森林深处高,只有5种鸟类的多度在森林深处更高一些;在树冠层筑巢的鸟类、在树干和地面觅食的鸟类及鸦科鸟类在休闲活动区有更高的多度;地巢性鸟类在休闲区的多度较低,这种差别尤以阔叶落叶林中加明显。而森林小路的鸟类群落结构与森林内部非常相似,说明人类休闲活动对这些林区鸟类群落的影响更多缘自野餐。原因是野餐区常常具有以下特点:具有高大的乔木、中层植被稀疏、有较多的洞和缝隙以及野餐后会遗留下一些垃圾。以上结论与研究的预期目标正好相反,人类的这些休闲活动可能会降低地巢性鸟类的适宜度,但是对大多数鸟的类栖息地没有不利影响。

关键词：森林鸟类人类休闲活动干扰效应群落模式营巢/觅食资源集团

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