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Sediment transport mechanisms and selective removal of soil particles under unsteady-state conditions in a sheet erosion system

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第2期37卷 151-161页

作者： Elham Sirjani Majid Mahmoodabadi Artemi Cerdà Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman departament de Geografia Universitat de València

Selective removal of particles and nutrients by water erosion is a key factor in soil erosion *** agricultural soils are located on gentle slopes where fertility is high;however,until now,the main attention on sediment transport mechanisms was paid to high-slope gradients,where soil erosion is intense,but soils are less *** the importance of sediment size distribution(SSD) and transport mechanisms under unsteady-state conditions,few studies have been done on this *** sediment concentrations in the early stages of the runoff indicate the need to deal with unsteady-state *** address this issue,sheet erosion experiments were done using a 0.2 m by 1 m tilting flume under controlled laboratory *** inflow rates(75,100,125,150,175,and 200 mL/s) were applied on two contrasting soils,including an adjacent agricultural soil and a not cultivated soil(namely Cropland soil and control soil,respectively) at two low slope gradients(1.5% and 2%).No rill formation was observed during the *** sediment-laden runoff was sampled during unsteady-state flow to determine the SSDs and sediment transport mechanisms of eroded particles for unsteadystate *** results indicated different trends in the selective removal of sediment particles depending on hydraulic conditions and soil aggregate *** contribution of suspension-saltation(SS)to the total sediment load for the Cropland and control soils varied from 22% to 68% and from 35% to 59%,respectively,while up to 78% and 65% of soil particles were transported by bed load(BL),***,SS and BL indicated a reverse trend with stream *** Cropland soil showed a single peak in the SSD at low stream powers because of the selective removal of fine particles(0.042 mm),whereas the SSD was shifted to a bimodal distribution at higher stream powers with the selective depletion of both fine(≤0.084 mm) and coarse(1.5 mm) *** control soil experienced a

关键词： Aggregate breakdown Bed load Stream power Suspension-saltation Tilting flume

How do greenhouse gas emissions vary with biofertilizer type and soil temperature and moisture in a tropical grassland?

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Pedosphere 2020年第5期30卷 607-617页

作者： Abmael da Silva CARDOSO Juliana Bega JUNQUEIRA Ricardo Andrade REIS Ana Claudia RUGGIERIAnimal Science departament College of Agricultural and Veterinarian SciencesSao Paulo State UniversityJaboticabal 14884-900(Brazil) Kenji Agricultural and Environmental Consultancy Ribeirdo Preto 14010-079(Brazil)

Greenhouse gases are known to play an important role in global *** this study,we determined the effects of selected soil and climate variables on nitrous oxide(N2O),methane(CH4),and carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions from a tropical grassland fertilized with chicken slurry,swine slurry,cattle slurry,and cattle *** N2O emissions did not differ between treatments and varied from 29.26 to 32.85 mg N m^-***,cumulative CH4 emissions were not significantly different among the treatments and ranged from 6.34 to 57.73 mg CH4 m^-*** and compost application induced CO2 emissions that were significantly different from those in the control *** CH4 conversion factors measured were 0.21%,1.39%,4.39%,and 5.07%for cattle compost,chicken slurry,swine slurry,and cattle slurry,respectively,differing from the recommendations of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC).The fraction of added Nemitted as N2O was 0.39%,which was lower than the IPCC default value of 2%.Our findings suggest that N2O emissions could be mitigated by replacing synthetic fertilizer sources with either biofertilizer or *** results indicate the following:N2O emission was mainly controlled by soil temperature,followed by soil moisture and then soil NH^"content;CH4 fluxes were mainly controlled by soil moisture and chamber headspace temperature;and CO2 fluxes were mainly controlled by chamber headspace temperature and soil moisture.

关键词： emission factor methane conversion factor methane oxidation methane production capacity slurry fertilizer soil moisture

PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 polymorphisms in Brazilian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第10期12卷 792-806页

作者： Quelson Coelho Lisboa Mateus Jorge Nardelli Patrícia de Araújo Pereira Débora Marques Miranda Stephanie Nunes Ribeiro Raissa Soares Neves Costa Camila Azevedo Versiani Paula Vieira Teixeira Vidigal Teresa Cristina de Abreu Ferrari Claudia Alves Couto departament de Clínica Médica Faculty of MedicineUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130100Brazil

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is becoming the most common chronic liver disease worldwide,with significant morbidity associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Genome-wide association studies demonstrated that the variants rs738409 C/G in the PNPLA3 and rs58542926 C/T in the TM6SF2 genes are determinants of inter-individual and ethnicity-related differences in hepatic fat content and NAFLD *** To investigate PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 genotype frequency and their association with NAFLD development and progression in Brazilian *** This cross-sectional case-control study enrolled 285 individuals from the Gastroenterology and Hepatology clinics at a university hospital in *** case patients(n=148)were confirmed to have NAFLD by the identification of hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography and exclusion of other causes of liver *** to the clinical protocol,patients underwent liver biopsy when at high risk for NASH and/or advanced fibrosis(n=65).Steatohepatitis was confirmed in 54 *** who did not have biopsy indication or NASH on histology were considered to have simple steatosis(n=94).The control group(n=137)was selected among patients that attended the Intestinal Disease clinic and was composed of subjects without abnormalities on abdominal ultrasonography and normal liver biochemical *** individuals underwent PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 genotype *** PNPLA3 CC,CG and GG genotype frequencies were 37%,44%and 19%,respectively,in NAFLD patients and were 58%,31%and 10%in controls(P<0.001).In a model adjusted for gender,age,body mass index and type 2 diabetes mellitus,the G allele increased the chance of NAFLD(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.21-2.36,P=0.002)and NASH(OR=3.50,95%CI:1.84-6.64,P<0.001).The chance of NASH was even higher with GG homozygosis(OR=5.53,95%CI:2.04-14.92,P=0.001).No association was found between G allele and the features of metabolic *** histological assessment,PNPLA3 genoty

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Genetic variation Single nucleotide polymorphism Genotype Brazil Fibrosis

Inducing α-synuclein compaction: a new strategy for inhibiting α-synuclein aggregation?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第11期14卷 1897-1898页

作者： Francisca Pinheiro Salvador Ventura Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina Universitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpainDepartament de Bioquimica i Biologia MolecularUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain

Proteins might misfold during translation and folding or even once they are in their native states, due to stochastic fluctuations, destabilizing mutations or cellular stress. Aberrant protein species are usually detected and either refolded or cleared by the protein quality control machinery (Ciechanover and Kwon, 2015). When misfolded protein conformers cannot be degraded, they tend to self-assemble to form aggregates, a characteristic of many neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： inhibitingα-synuclein aggregation native states protein quality control machinery

Direct Electrochemical Determination of Glyphosate Herbicide Using a Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode Modified with Carbon Black and Niobium Nanoparticles

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2023年第4期7卷 425-434页

作者： Julia Oliveira Fernandes Cassiano Augusto Rolim Bernardino Juliana dos Santos Fernandes Claudio Fernando Mahler Bernardo Ferreira Braz Luiz Henrique Carpenter dos Santos Rodrigo JoséCorrêa Ricardo Erthal Santelli Braulio Soares Archanjo Emerson Schwingel Ribeiro Fernando Henrique Cincotto departament of Analytical Chemistry Institute of ChemistryFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-909Brazil departament of Civil Engineering COPPEFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-598Brazil National Institute of Science&Technology of Bioanalytics(INCTBio) CampinasSão Paulo 13083-862Brazil departament of Inorganic Chemistry Institute of ChemistryFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-909Brazil Unesp National Institute of Alternative Technologies for DetectionToxicological Assessment and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives(INCT-DATREM)AraraquaraSão Paulo 14800-060Brazil National Institute of Metrology Quality and TechnologyInmetroAv.Nossa Senhora das Graças50XerémDuque de Caxias 25250-020Brazil

Glyphosate is a herbicide that has been widely used worldwide and is used in agricultural areas to control weeds and unwanted *** sensors developed from different nanomaterials have high efficiency,excellent cost-benefit,and fast analysis time for detecting traces of environmental *** study aimed to produce an electrochemical sensor with disposable screen-printed electrodes based on carbon black modified with niobium nanoparticles to determine glyphosate in aqueous *** morphology,structure and electrochemical performance of the sensor were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and cyclic *** pulse voltammetry in BR buffer solution at pH 5.0 allowed the generation of a method to quantify glyphosate concentration in a linear range of 5.90-172.30μmol/L(1.00-29.13μg/mL),with a limit of detection calculated at 3.07μmol/L(0.52μg/mL).The method efficiently quantified glyphosate in real water samples and showed no interference from K^(+),Na^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)ions or thiamethoxam,imidacloprid and carbendazim pesticides.

关键词： Glyphosate Electrochemical sensor Carbon black Niobium nanoparticles

Morphological,physiological and biochemical traits of Cordia trichotoma under phosphorous application and a water-retaining polymer

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 855-865页

作者： Álvaro Luís Pasquetti Berghetti Maristela Machado Araujo Luciane Almeri Tabaldi Felipe Turchetto Suelen Carpenedo Aimi Daniele Guarienti Rorato Carina Marchezan Adriana Maria Griebeler Felipe Manzoni Barbosa Gustavo Brunetto Department of Forest Science Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaBrazil Department of Soil Science Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaBrazil Biology departament Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaBrazil

The application of phosphorus(P)and a waterretaining polymer to the soil can increase the availability of P for Cordia trichotoma,having a positive effect on the *** objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics of *** plants were cultivated in a red argisol and treated with 120,240 and 360 kg P2O5 ha^(−1)and no phosphorous addition as a control,in the presence(5 g L^(−1)per seedling)and absence of a water-retaining *** months after planting,survival,height,stem diameter,shoot and root dry matter,leaf area,photosynthetic pigment concentration,chlorophyll a fluorescence,acid phosphatase enzyme activity(APase)and P in tissues and soil were *** polymer had no effect on survival and the other *** addition of P increased growth,dry matter production,photosynthetic pigment concentrations,the use of light energy and maximum quantum yield of photosystem *** cultivated in soil with 240 kg P2O5 ha^(−1)application had 4.7 and 5.4 times more shoot and root dry matter,respectively,than control *** dosage also showed 52.1%greater photochemical energy use than the control *** cultivated without the addition of P showed higher activity of the APase enzyme.

关键词： Fluorescence Louro-Pardo Morphological traits Phosphate nutrition Photosynthetic apparatus

Impact of co-infections with enteric pathogens on children suffering from acute diarrhea in southwest China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 534-546页

作者： Shun-Xian Zhang Yong-Ming Zhou Wen Xu Li-Guang Tian Jia-Xu Chen Shao-Hong Chen Zhi-Sheng Dang Wen-Peng Gu Jian-Wen Yin Emmanuel Serrano Xiao-Nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Parasite and Vector Biology Ministry of Health of ChinaWHO Collaborating Center for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease control and Prevention KunmingPeople’s Republic of China Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies Departamento de BiologíaUniversidade de AveiroAveiroPortugal Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia AnimalsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain

Background:Acute diarrhea is a global health problem,resulting in high morbidity and mortality in *** has been suggested that enteric pathogen co-infections play an important role in gastroenteritis,but most research efforts have only focused on a small range of species belonging to a few pathogen *** study aimed to assess the impact of co-infections with a broad range of enteric pathogens on children aged below five years who suffer from acute diarrhea in southwest ***:A total of 1020 subjects(850 diarrhea cases and 170 healthy controls)were selected from four sentinel hospitals in Kunming,Yunnan province,southwest China,from June 2014 to July *** specimens were collected to detect five virus(rotavirus group A,RVA;norovirus,NoV;Sapovirus,SaV;astrovirus,As;and adenovirus,Ad),seven bacterial(diarrheagenic Escherichia coli,DEC;non-typhoidal Salmonella,NTS;Shigella spp.;Vibrio cholera;Vibrio parahaemolyticus;Aeromonas spp.;and Plesiomonas spp.),and three protozoan(Cryptosporidium spp.,Giardia lamblia,and Blastocystis hominis,***)species using standard microbiologic and molecular *** were analyzed using the partial least square regression technique and chi-square ***:At least one enteric pathogen was detected in 46.7%(n=397)of acute gastroenteritis cases and 13.5%(n=23)of healthy controls(χ^(2)=64.4,Pcontrols(3.1%vs.0.5%,OR=4.7,95%CI:1.01–112.0).Single infection with NoV GII was not associated with diarrhea(4.4%vs.3.5%,OR=1.2,95%CI:0.5–3.3).Single infections with bacterial species were not *** prevalence of co-infections with two enteric pathogens in diarrhea cases was higher than in asymptomatic children(20.1%vs.5.3%,P<0.05).RVA-NoV GII was the most common co-infection in symptomatic children(4.4%),with it aggravating the

关键词： Co-infection Diarrhea Bacteria Virus Intestinal protozoa Children Severity Kunming Yunnan China

Bovine Leukemia Virus Gene Segment Detected in Human Breast Tissue

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2013年第1期3卷 84-90页

作者： Mesa Giovanna Ulloa Juan Carlos Uribe Ana María María Fernanda Gutierrez Environmental and Applied Science University UDCA Bogotá Colombia Microbiology departament Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogotá Colombia Pathology departament Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogotá Colombia

Background: Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) is known by infections in bovine cattle and produce, in 30% of infected animals, persistent lymphocytosis significantly impacts the beef industry. It has been proposed that this virus could be transmitted to humans and be present in cases of breast cancer. Aim: to determine the presence of 380 bp of gag gene segment of BLV in paraffin-embedded breast tissue. Study Design: control-case study. Methodology: 106 tissue samples were collected. 53 were cancer positive samples and 53 were negative samples for this pathology. After dewaxing tissues, DNA was extracted, amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis was done in order to verify BLV gene segment, presence and origin. Results: 43 samples were positive (40.5%) for BLV segment. In the case group this segment was found in 35.8% of the samples and in the control group, BLV presented in 45.2% of the samples. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed BLV presence and had shown a high homology between amplified gene sequences obtained from human breast tissues and those coming from bovine cattle with leukosis reported by GenBank. Conclusion: The presence of BLV genes in humans and its location in breast tissue can be confirmed, however, it should be clarified as a possible promoter of malignancy processes on this tissue.

关键词： Breast Cancer Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV)

The Influence of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)on Oil Release Behavior of Polylactide-Based Composites Filled with Linseed Cake

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第4期8卷 347-363页

作者： Olga Mysiukiewicz Mateusz Barczewski Joanna Szulc Division of Polymer Processing Institute of Material TechnologyPoznan University of TechnologyPoznan61-138Poland departament of Food Industry Technology and Engineering Faculty of Chemical Technology and EngineeringUTP University of Science and TechnologyBydgoszcz85-326Poland

In order to limit the negative impact of industry on natural environment,ecological alternatives to conventional polymers are being *** of the most popular“green”polymers is polylactide,which can also be successfully applied as a matrix of *** application of ground linseed cake as a filler for polylactide-based composites is in line with the idea of Circular Economy,and moreover it provides a modifying effect on the polymer by increasing its crystallinity and reducing its *** effect is caused by the presence of linseed oil which can be released to the polymeric matrix in a non-controlled *** order to control the miscibility of the oil and the polymer,we modified the filler particles with poly(vinyl alcohol)before introducing it to the *** concluded that poly(vinyl alcohol),which does not mix with oil,encapsulated the active ingredients inside the filler *** evaluated the mechanical properties of the composites containing 5,10,20 and 30 wt%of the filler in a static tensile stress and by means of dynamic mechanical thermal *** and thermal properties were tested using differential scanning calorimetry as well as thermogravimetric ***’microstructure was evaluated by Scanning Electron *** was found that modifying the oil-rich filler with poly(vinyl alcohol)helps to reduce its release to the matrix and thus limits the plasticizing effect of linseed *** result was in accordance with our hypothesis.

关键词： Polylactide poly(vinyl alcohol) waste filler oil release