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Insights on advanced g‐C_(3)N_(4)in energy storage:Applications,challenges,and future

Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 22-78页

作者： Xiaojie Yang Jian Peng Lingfei Zhao Hang Zhang Jiayang Li Peng Yu Yameng Fan Jiazhao Wang Huakun Liu Shixue Dou School of nuclear technology and Chemistry&Biology Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional MaterialsHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianningChina Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute for Innovative MaterialsUniversity of WollongongNorth WollongongNew South WalesAustralia State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Institute of Energy Materials science University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina

Graphitic carbon nitride(g‐C_(3)N_(4))is a highly recognized two‐dimensional semiconductor material known for its exceptional chemical and physical stability,environmental friendliness,and pollution‐free advantages.These remarkable properties have sparked extensive research in the field of energy storage.This review paper presents the latest advances in the utilization of g‐C_(3)N_(4)in various energy storage technologies,including lithium‐ion batteries,lithium‐sulfur batteries,sodium‐ion batteries,potassium‐ion batteries,and supercapacitors.One of the key strengths of g‐C_(3)N_(4)lies in its simple preparation process along with the ease of optimizing its material structure.It possesses abundant amino and Lewis basic groups,as well as a high density of nitrogen,enabling efficient charge transfer and electrolyte solution penetration.Moreover,the graphite‐like layered structure and the presence of largeπbonds in g‐C_(3)N_(4)contribute to its versatility in preparing multifunctional materials with different dimensions,element and group doping,and conjugated systems.These characteristics open up possibilities for expanding its application in energy storage devices.This article comprehensively reviews the research progress on g‐C_(3)N_(4)in energy storage and highlights its potential for future applications in this field.By exploring the advantages and unique features of g‐C_(3)N_(4),this paper provides valuable insights into harnessing the full potential of this material for energy storage applications.

关键词： g‐C_(3)N_(4) lithium‐ion batteries lithium‐sulfur batteries potassium‐ion batteries sodium‐ion batteries supercapacitors

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Taming heat with tiny pressure

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 70-78页

作者： Kun Zhang Zhe Zhang Hailong Pan Haoyu Wang Xueting Zhao Ji Qi Zhao Zhang Ruiqi Song Chenyang Yu Biaohong Huang Xujing Li Huaican Chen Wen Yin Changlong Tan Weijin Hu Michael Wüubbenhorst Jiangshui Luo Dehong Yu Zhidong Zhang Bing Li Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics Department of Physics and AstronomyKU Leuven3001 LeuvenBelgium Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source science Center Dongguan 523803China College of Materials science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China School of Materials science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150080China australian nuclear science and technology Organisation Lucas HeightsNSW 2234Australia

Heat is almost everywhere.Unlike electricity,which can be easily manipulated,the current ability to control heat is still highly limited owing to spontaneous thermal dissipation imposed by the second law of thermodynamics.Optical illumination and pressure have been used to switch endothermic/exothermic responses of materials via phase transitions;however,these strategies are less cost-effective and unscalable.Here,we spectroscopically demonstrate the glassy crystal state of 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol(AMP)to realize an affordable,easily manageable approach for thermal energy recycling.The supercooled state of AMP is so sensitive to pressure that even several megapascals can induce crystallization to the ordered crystal,resulting in a substantial temperature increase of 48 K within 20 s.Furthermore,we demonstrate a proof-of-concept device capable of programable heating with an extremely high work-to-heat conversion effi-ciency of383.Such delicate and efficient tuning of heat may remarkably facilitate rational utilization of waste heat.

关键词： illumination thermal rational

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Development of a scintillating-fiber-based beam monitor for the coherent muon-to-electron transition experiment

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nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 156-164页

作者： Yu Xu Yun-Song Ning Zhi-Zhen Qin Yao Teng Chang-Qing Feng Jian Tang Yu Chen Yoshinori Fukao Satoshi Mihara Kou Oishi School of Physics Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China High Energy Accelerator Research organization(KEK) Ibaraki 305‑0801Japan Department of Physics Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

The coherent muon-to-electron transition(COMET)experiment is a leading experiment for the coherent conversion of μ^(-)N→e^(-)N using a high-intensity pulsed muon beamline,produced using innovative slow-extraction techniques.Therefore,it is critical to measure the muon beam characteristics.We set up a muon beam monitor(MBM),where scintillating fibers woven in a cross shape were coupled to silicon photomultipliers to measure the spatial profile and timing structure of the extracted muon beam for the COMET.The MBM detector was tested successfully with a proton beamline at the China Spallation Neutron Source and took data with good performance in the commissioning run.The development of the MBM,including its mechanical structure,electronic readout,and beam measurement results,are discussed.

关键词： Beam instrumentation Profile monitor Scintillating fiber Silicon photomultipliers

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Aberration correction for deformable-mirror-based remote focusing enables high-accuracy whole-cell super-resolution imaging

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 821-832页

作者： WEI SHI YINGCHUAN HE JIANLIN WANG LULU ZHOU JIANWEI CHEN LIWEI ZHOU ZEYU XI ZHEN WANG KE FANG YIMING LI Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Single-molecule localization microscopy(SMLM)enables three-dimensional(3D)investigation of nanoscale structures in biological samples,offering unique insights into their organization.However,traditional 3D super-resolution microscopy using high numerical aperture(NA)objectives is limited by imaging depth of field(DOF),restricting their practical application to relatively thin biological samples.Here,we developed a unified solution for thick sample super-resolution imaging using a deformable mirror(DM)which served for fast remote focusing,optimized point spread function(PSF)engineering,and accurate aberration correction.By effectively correcting the system aberrations introduced during remote focusing and sample aberrations at different imaging depths,we achieved high-accuracy,large DOF imaging(~8μm)of the whole-cell organelles[i.e.,nuclear pore complex(NPC),microtubules,and mitochondria]with a nearly uniform resolution of approximately 35 nm across the entire cellular volume.

关键词： enable mirror resolution

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Synthesis of hierarchical mesoporous Ln_(2)Ti_(2)O_(7)(Ln=Y,Tb-Yb)pyrochlores and uranyl sorption properties

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2022年第18期113卷 22-32页

作者： Linggen Kong Inna Karatchevtseva Tao Wei Nicholas Scales australian nuclear science and technology Organisation Lucas Heights NSW2234Australia

Mesoporous structured metal oxides exhibit many active applications.However,the synthesis of crystalline metal oxides with a ternary composition while maintaining satisfactory pore features is challeng-ing.Typically,high temperatures are required which inhibit control of pore structure properties including surface area,pore volume,and pore size.Herein,the synthesis of ternary metal oxides Ln_(2)Ti_(2)O_(7)pos-sessing pyrochlore crystal structure is achieved using a novel technique which combines‘soft’and hard colloid templating strategies.The formed materials are of submicron size and composed of∼25-30 nm product‘building blocks’with good chemical and phase stability.The polycrystalline powders have a high specific surface area(up to 70 m^(2)·g^(-1))and pore volume(∼0.35 cm^(3)·g^(-1))which result in a good adsorp-tion capacity(U uptake closing to 60 mg·g^(-1)).Remarkably,the material exhibits a significant portion of mesopores(mainly 10-40 nm)which facilitate fast adsorption of the cations due to high accessibility.The synthetic methodology described herein produces highly homogenous powders and can be applied to other compositions and structures.

关键词： Porous ternary metal oxides Dual template synthesis Lanthanide titanate Pyrochlore Uranium adsorption

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三方CrTe的磁结构和反常热膨胀

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金属学报 2024年

作者：任卫军安萌高飞罗小华李昺张志东王进威中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院 australian nuclear science and technology Organisation New Illawarra Road

很多二元Cr-Te化合物具有NiAs结构,其中金属Cr原子出现不同程度的有序缺位。Cr5Te8有三方和单斜2种结构,本工作采用粉末X射线和中子衍射结合Rietveld全谱拟合,确定了用自助溶剂生长的三方Cr5Te8单晶具有P3m1晶体结构,a=0.3900 nm,c=0.59... 详细信息

很多二元Cr-Te化合物具有NiAs结构,其中金属Cr原子出现不同程度的有序缺位。Cr5Te8有三方和单斜2种结构,本工作采用粉末X射线和中子衍射结合Rietveld全谱拟合,确定了用自助溶剂生长的三方Cr5Te8单晶具有P3m1晶体结构,a=0.3900 nm,c=0.5986 nm。粉末中子衍射实验揭示它是磁矩沿c方向的共线铁磁化合物,a方向具有小的负热膨胀,c方向显示正常热膨胀。以最低温3.3 K为参考温度点,在3.3～300 K温度范围内,a方向平均热膨胀系数为-10.7×10-6K-1,c方向平均膨胀系数为52.4×10-6K-1。[101]、[302]和[201]取向的Cr5Te8具有近零热膨胀,具备应用前景。Cr5Te8的反常热膨胀与其磁有序没有明显关联,可能与晶格中存在大量的Cr空位有关。

关键词：粉末中子衍射负热膨胀磁结构

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三方Cr5Te8的磁结构和反常热膨胀

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金属学报 2024年第8期 1150-1154页

作者：任卫军安萌高飞罗小华李昺张志东王进威中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院 australian nuclear science and technology Organisation

很多二元Cr-Te化合物具有NiAs结构，其中金属Cr原子出现不同程度的有序缺位。Cr5Te8有三方和单斜2种结构，本工作采用粉末X射线和中子衍射结合Rietveld全谱拟合，确定了用自助溶剂生长的三方Cr5Te8单晶具有■晶体结构，点阵参数a=0.3900... 详细信息

很多二元Cr-Te化合物具有NiAs结构，其中金属Cr原子出现不同程度的有序缺位。Cr5Te8有三方和单斜2种结构，本工作采用粉末X射线和中子衍射结合Rietveld全谱拟合，确定了用自助溶剂生长的三方Cr5Te8单晶具有■晶体结构，点阵参数a=0.3900 nm,c=0.5986 nm。粉末中子衍射实验揭示Cr5Te8是磁矩沿c方向的共线铁磁化合物，a方向具有小的负热膨胀，c方向显示正常热膨胀。以最低温3.3 K为参考温度点，在3.3～300 K温度范围内，a方向平均热膨胀系数为-10.7×10-6K-1,c方向平均膨胀系数为52.4×10-6K-1。[101]、[302]和[201]取向的Cr5Te8具有近零热膨胀，具备应用前景。Cr5Te8的反常热膨胀与其磁有序没有明显关联，可能与晶格中存在大量的Cr空位有关。

关键词：粉末中子衍射负热膨胀磁结构

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Aberrant protamination in sperm correlates to anomalous nuclear and cytoplasmic architectures in infertile males with sperm dysmorphology

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 183-188页

作者： Huan Jiang Chu-Jie Huang Department of Reproductive Endocrinology Longgang District Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City(Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College)Shenzhen 518172China Institute of Reproductive Immunology College of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

Aberrant sperm protamination is linked to sperm dysmorphology and nuclear chromatin condensation.Yet,its effects on sperm cytoplasmic maturation remain largely unexplored.The relationships of protamines,sperm morphology,DNA damage,and cytoplasmic remodeling were illustrated in this study to provide fresh perspectives on the mechanisms of male infertility.A total of 205 infertile males were allocated into 5 groups according to the percentage of spermatozoa exhibiting abnormal morphology within their samples.Sperm concentration,motility,abnormal sperm morphology,cytoplasmic droplets(CDs),and excess residual cytoplasm(ERC)were analyzed according to the World Health organization manual(2010).Sperm nuclear vacuoles(NVs)were determined by propidium iodide(PI)staining.Sperm protamine expressions(P1 and P2)were detected by western blot.DNA damage was measured by acridine orange test(AOT)to calculate the proportion of sperm with single-strand DNA breaks(SSBs).Our data showed that sperm concentration and motility in infertile males significantly decreased with the severity of abnormal sperm morphology(both P<0.01).P1 level,P1/P2 ratio,and SSB rate increased with the severity of sperm dysmorphology,whilst the P2 level decreased(all P

关键词： abnormal sperm morphology excess residual cytoplasm male infertility protamines sperm DNA damage sperm nuclear vacuoles

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Thin-film flow technology in controlling the organization of materials and their properties Special Collection:Distinguished australian Researchers

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 115-129页

作者： Clarence Chuah Xuan Luo Javad Tavakoli Youhong Tang Colin L.Raston Flinders Institute for Nanoscale science and technology College of Science and EngineeringFlinders UniversityAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Centre for Health Technologies School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia

Centrifugal and shear forces are produced when solids or liquids rotate.Rotary systems and devices that use these forces,such as dynamic thin-film flow technology,are evolving continuously,improve material structure-property relationships at the nanoscale,representing a rapidly thriving and expanding field of research high with green chemistry metrics,consolidated at the inception of science.The vortex fluidic device(VFD)provides many advantages over conventional batch processing,with fluidic waves causing high shear and producing large surface areas for micro-mixing as well as rapid mass and heat transfer,enabling reactions beyond diffusion control.Combining these abilities allows for a green and innovative approach to altering materials for various research and industry applications by controlling small-scale flows and regulating molecular and macromolecular chemical reactivity,self-organization phenomena,and the synthesis of novel materials.This review highlights the aptitude of the VFD as clean technology,with an increase in efficiency for a diversity of top-down,bottom-up,and novel material transformations which benefit from effective vortex-based processing to control material structure-property relationships.

关键词： material nanoscale structure-property relationship thin film flow technology vortex fluidic device

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Mechanical properties,thermal conductivity and defect formation energies of samarium immobilization in Gd_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7):First-principles study and irradiation experiment

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第3期41卷 422-433,I0004页

作者： Yuhao Wang Jiahu Ouyang Tao Wei Gui Cao Zhanguo Liu Zhaoying Ding Yujin Wang Yaming Wang Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural-Functional Integration Materials&Green Manufacturing technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China nuclear Fuel Cycle Research Theme Australian Nuclear Science and Technology OrganisationLocked Bag 2001Kirrawee DCNSW2232Australia

A density functional theory(DFT)study was employed to investigate the mechanical property,thermal conductivity,Debye temperature,electronic structure and defect chemistry of(Gd_(1-x)Sm_(x))_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7).All the(Gd_(1-x)Sm_(x))_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7) compounds exhibit an excellent structural and mechanical stability(Gd_(0.25)Sm_(0.75))_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7) has the lowest Young’s modulus of 213.7 GPa,the largest Possion’s ratio of 0.292,the lowest Debye temperature of 491.8 K and the lowest thermal conductivity.The calculated thermal conductivities of(Gd_(1-x)Sm_(x))_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7) are 1.17-1.21 W/(m·K)by the Clark’s model and 1.32-1.36 W/(m·K)by the Cahall’s model,respectively.The formation energies of O vacancies at 48f site are negative,which increase with the Sm content,however,the formation energies of O vacancies at 8b site are almost invariable.In addition,Sm partly occupying the Gd-site reduces distinctly the formation energies of defects such as A-site vacancies,cation antisite defects,anion Frenkel pairs of oxygen at 8b site and cation interstitials,which suggests that Sm-doped Gd_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7),especially equimolar GdSmZr_(2)O_(7),has a better irradiation tolerance.After the 16 MeVTa-ion irradiation at a fluence of 1×10^(14) or 2×10^(14) ions/cm^(2),the crystal structure of GdSmZr_(2)O_(7) transforms from pyrochlore to a defect fluorite without obvious amorphous phase.

关键词： Pyrochlores First-principles calculations Mechanical properties Defect formation energies Ion irradiation Rare earths

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