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Ultrasensitive Indium Phosphide Nanomembrane Wearable Gas Sensors

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS 2024年第6期7卷 209-217页

作者： Wei, Shiyu Haggren, Tuomas Li, Zhe Tan, Hark Hoe Jagadish, Chennupati Tricoli, Antonio Fu, Lan australian natl univ Res Sch Phys Ctr Excellence Transformat Meta Opt Syst Australian Res CouncilDept Elect Mat Engn Canberra ACT 2600 Australia australian natl univ Coll Sci Res Sch Chem Nanotechnol Res Lab Canberra ACT 2600 Australia univ Sydney Fac Engn Nanotechnol Res Lab Camperdown NSW 2006 Australia

Air quality is deteriorating due to continuing urbanization and industrialization. In particular, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a biologically and environmentally hazardous byproduct from fuel combustion that is ubiquitous in urban life. To address this issue, we report a high-performance flexible indium phosphide nanomembrane NO2 sensor for real-time air quality monitoring. An ultralow limit of detection of similar to 200 ppt and a fast response have been achieved with this device by optimizing the film thickness and doping concentration during indium phosphide epitaxy. By varying the film thickness, a dynamic range of values for NO2 detection from parts per trillion (ppt) to parts per million (ppm) level have also been demonstrated under low bias voltage and at room temperature without additional light activation. Flexibility measurements show an adequately stable response after repeated bending. On-site testing of the sensor in a residential kitchen shows that NO2 concentration from the gas stove emission could exceed the NO2 Time Weighted Average limit, i.e., 200 ppb, highlighting the significance of real-time monitoring. Critically, the indium phosphide nanomembrane sensor element cost is estimated at <0.1 US$ due to the miniatured size, nanoscale thickness, and ease of fabrication. With these superior performance characteristics, low cost, and real-world applicability, our indium phosphide nanomembrane sensors offer a promising solution for a variety of air quality monitoring applications.

关键词： air quality monitoring flexible III-V semiconductors nanofilm ultrathin REUSE

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Boosting Li-ion storage kinetics via constructing layered TiO2 anode

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PARTICUOLOGY 2024年第10期93卷 22-29页

作者： Hou, Jiyue Wang, Fei Zhang, Enfeng Wang, Ying Dong, Peng Wang, Yunxiao Zhang, Yiyong Li, Xue Zhang, Yingjie Kunming univ Sci & Technol Fac Met & Energy Engn Natl & Local Joint Engn Res Ctr Lithium ion Batter Kunming 650093 Peoples R China Panzhihua univ Coll Elect Informat Engn Panzhihua 617000 Peoples R China univ Wollongong Australian Inst Innovat Mat Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat Innovat Campus Squires Way Wollongong NSW 2500 Australia

Due to the typical intercalation-deintercalation mechanism, TiO 2 holds great promise as a sustainable anode for next-generation lithium -ion batteries (LIBs). However, commercial TiO 2 (C-TiO 2 ) is granular and shows slow ionic conductivity, which greatly hinders its development due to sluggish kinetics, leading to low reversible capacity and inferior rate capability. In this study, a two-dimensional layered TiO 2 (L-TiO 2 ) anode is prepared via a one-step calcination process, which can effectively shorten the lithium ions diffusion path and improve its lithium ions conductivity. We elucidated the enhanced electrochemical performance of L-TiO 2 as an anode in LIBs through pseudocapacitive acceleration of lithium ions intercalation and deintercalation using various characterization techniques, including different scan rate cyclic voltammetry tests, in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, in situ Raman spectroscopy, and in situ X-ray diffraction. In comparison to C-TiO 2 material, L-TiO 2 material showcases remarkable electrochemical performance, achieving a capacity of 166 mAh/g after 100 cycles at 0.1 C. Additionally, the lithium -ion diffusion coef ficient calculated for the L-TiO 2 is two orders of magnitude greater, underscoring its potential as a negative electrode material for LIBs. (c) 2024 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Anode MXene LayeredTiO2 ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES ANATASE TIO2 LITHIUM NANOPARTICLE PERFORMANCE

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Boron Nitride-Integrated Lithium Batteries: Exploring Innovations in Longevity and Performance

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ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS 2024年第6期7卷 13-40页

作者： Angizi, Shayan Alem, Sayed Ali Ahmad Torabian, Mahdi Khalaj, Maryam Golberg, Dmitri Pakdel, Amir McMaster univ Dept Chem Engn 1280 Main St W Hamilton ON L8S 4L7 Canada Montan univ Leoben Inst Chem Polymer Mat Otto Glockel Str 2 A-8700 Leoben Austria Politecn Milan Dept Chem Mat & Chem Engn Piazza Leonardo Vinci 32 I-20133 Milan Italy Northwestern univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Evanston IL 60208 USA Queensland univ Technol QUT Ctr Mat Sci 2 George Brisbane Qld 4000 Australia Queensland univ Technol QUT Sch Chem & Phys 2 George Brisbane Qld 4000 Australia natl Inst Mat Sci NIMS Res Ctr Mat Nanoarchitecton MANA Namiki 1 Ibaraki 3050044 Japan univ Dublin Trinity Coll Dublin Dept Mech Mfg & Biomed Engn Dublin D02PN40 Ireland

The current global warming, coupled with the growing demand for energy in our daily lives, necessitates the development of more efficient and reliable energy storage devices. Lithium batteries (LBs) are at the forefront of emerging power sources addressing these challenges. Recent studies have shown that integrating hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanomaterials into LBs enhances the safety, longevity, and electrochemical performance of all LB components, including electrodes, electrolytes, and separators, thereby suggesting their potential value in advancing eco-friendly energy solutions. This review provides an overview of the most recent applications of h-BN nanomaterials in LBs. It begins with an informative introduction to h-BN nanomaterials and their relevant properties in the context of LB applications. Subsequently, it addresses the challenges posed by h-BN and discusses existing strategies to overcome these limitations, offering valuable insights into the potential of BN nanomaterials. The review then proceeds to outline the functions of h-BN in LB components, emphasizing the molecular-level mechanisms responsible for performance improvements. Finally, the review concludes by presenting the current challenges and prospects of integrating h-BN nanomaterials into battery research. Integrating h-BN into lithium batteries enhances safety, longevity, and mechanical integrity of battery components by mitigating dendritic growth and side reactions. Its high ionic and thermal conductivities improve lithium transference and heat management, enhancing performance and reliability. image

关键词： electrode electrolyte hexagonal boron nitride lithium battery separator METAL BATTERIES H-BN ION BATTERIES 2-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS POLYMER ELECTROLYTE HIGH-TEMPERATURE ANODES NANOSHEETS DENDRITE FUNCTIONALIZATION

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Divergence-free Hardy space on R_(+)^(N)

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Science China Mathematics 2004年第2期47卷 198-208页

作者： LOU Zengjian & Alan MclntoshInstitute of Mathematics, Shantou university, Shantou 515063, China (email: zjlou@***)Center for Mathematics and Its Applications, Mathematical Science Institute, australian National university, Inst. of Math. Shantou Univ. Shantou 515063 China Ctr. for Math. and Its Appl. Math. Sci. Inst. Australian Natl. Univ. Canberra ACT 0200 Australia

We introduce a divergence-free Hardy space Hz1,div(RN+,RN) and prove its divergence-free atomic decomposition. We also characterize its dual space and establish a 'div-curl' type theorem on R+3 with an application to ... 详细信息

关键词： divergence-free Hardy space atomic decomposition BMO.

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早期婴儿同胞接触与多发性硬化症发病风险的关系

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第6期1卷 6-6页

作者： Ponsonby A.- L. Van Der Mei I. Dwyer T. 黄卫东 natl. Ctr. for Epidemiol./Pop. Hlth. Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Dr.

Context: The “ hygiene hypothesis" has implicated sibship as a marker of infection load during early life and suggests that exposure or reexposure to infections can influence the developing immune system. Viral infection has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Abstract:Objectives: To evaluate whether exposure to infant siblings in early life is associated with the risk of MS, and to explore the possible mechanism for any apparent protective effect, including altered Epstein- Barr virus (EBV) infection patterns. Design, Setting, and Patients: Population- based case- control study in Tasmania, Australia, from 1999 to 2001 based on 136 cases of magnetic resonance imaging- confirmed MS and 272 community controls, matched on sex and year of birth. Main Outcome Measure: Risk of MS by duration of contact with younger siblings aged less than 2 years in the first 6 years of life. Results: Increasing duration of contact with a younger sibling aged less than 2 years in the first 6 years of life was associated with reduced MS risk (adjusted odds ratios [AORs]: < 1 infant- year, 1.00 [reference]; 1 to < 3 infant- years, 0.57 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.33- 0.98]; 3 to < 5 infant- years, 0.40 [95% CI, 0.19- 0.92]; ≥ 5 infantyears, 0.12 [95% CI, 0.02- 0.88]; test for trend, P=.002). A history of exposure to infant siblings was associated with a reduced IgG response to EBV among controls. Controls with at least 1 infant- year contact had a reduced risk of infectious mononucleosis and a reduced risk of very high composite EBV IgG titers (AOR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11- 0.98) compared with other controls. The inverse association between higher infant contact and MS was independent of EBV IgG titer. Conclusion: Higher infant sibling exposure in the first 6 years of life was associated with a reduced risk of MS, possibly by altering childhood infection patterns and related immune responses.

关键词：多发性硬化症发病风险感染负荷单核细胞增多症参考值接触感染病毒感染感染模式免疫反应性塔斯马尼亚

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