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南极伊利莎白公主地250年来NO_3^-浓度变化特征研究

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自然科学进展 2003年第5期13卷 513-517页

作者：张明军任贾文李忠勤秦大河孙俊英效存德康建成李军中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室兰州730000 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所兰州730000 中国极地研究所上海200129 antarctic crc and australian antarctic division Hobart 7001 Australia

利用1996～1997年中国首次南极内陆冰盖考察获得的50m雪芯资料,详细研究了南极伊利莎白公主地250年来NO_3^-浓度变化特征。结果表明:在250年尺度上,本地的NO_3^-浓度具有明显的季节变化特征。250年来,伊利莎白公主地NO_3^-浓度与太阳活... 详细信息

利用1996～1997年中国首次南极内陆冰盖考察获得的50m雪芯资料,详细研究了南极伊利莎白公主地250年来NO_3^-浓度变化特征。结果表明:在250年尺度上,本地的NO_3^-浓度具有明显的季节变化特征。250年来,伊利莎白公主地NO_3^-浓度与太阳活动没有相关关系,认为本地的NO_3^-可能主要来源于中低纬度地区的闪电和极地高空中的各种大气过程,雪冰中记录的NO_3^-浓度可能是其来源、传输路径和沉积过程的综合反映。

关键词：南极伊利莎白公主地雪芯 N03^- 浓度变化特征太阳活动传输路径大气化学

The SOOS Asian Workshop: Exploring possibilities for collaboration

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Advances in Polar Science 2014年第2期25卷 126-132页

作者： Sebastiaan Swart Jiping Liu Parli Bhaskar Louise Newman Kim Finney Michael Meredith Oscar Schofield Southern Ocean Carbon & Climate Observatory CSIR PO Box 320 Stellenbosch 7955 South Africa Department of Oceanography Marine Research Institute University of Cape Town Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences University at Albany State University of New York AlbanyNY 12222 USA National Centre for antarctic & Ocean Research Headland Sada Vasco-da-Gama Goa 403 804 India Southern Ocean Observing System International Project Office Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania australian antarctic division Channel Highway Kingston Tasmania 7050 Australia British antarctic Survey Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom Coastal Ocean Observation Laboratory Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA

The first Southern Ocean Observing System （SOOS） Asian Workshop was successfully held in Shanghai, China in May 2013, attracting over 40 participants from six Asian nations and widening exposure to the objectives and plans of SOOS. The workshop was organized to clarify Asian research activities currently taking place in the Southern Ocean and to discuss, amongst other items, the potential for collaborative efforts with and between Asian countries in $OOS-related activities. The workshop was an important mechanism to initiate discussion, understanding and collaborative avenues in the Asian domain of SOOS beyond current established eflbrts. Here we present some of the major outcomes of the workshop covering the principle themes of SOOS and attempt to provide a way forward to achieve a more integrated research community, enhance data collection and quality, and guide scientific strategy in the Southern Ocean.

关键词： Southern Ocean observing system Asia collaboration

Formation mechanism of pulse current anodized film on AZ91D Mg alloy

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第1期18卷 19-23页

作者：钱建刚王纯李荻郭宝兰宋光铃 School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing 100083 China crc for Cast Metals Manufacturing Division of Materials Engineering School of Engineering University of Queensland Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia

The kinetics of forming process of pulse current anodized film on AZ91D Mg alloy was studied by the voltage-time and thickness-time *** surface morphology,structure,elemental constitution and valences of the anodic films were analyzed by SEM,EDS,XPS and XRD *** results show that the film-forming process can be divided into four *** of a dense layer before sparking is the first *** of a porous layer accompanied with slight sparking is the second *** third stage is characterized by fast growth of the porous layer accompanied with more intensive *** fourth stage starts after the sparking process becomes even more vigorous and the pores become large.

关键词：镁合金脉冲阴极氧化薄膜成型处理方法

Performance of broiler chickens offered nutritionally-equivalent diets based on two red grain sorghums with quantified kafirin concentrations as intact pellets or re-ground mash following steam-pelleting at65 or 97℃ conditioning temperatures

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第3期1卷 220-228页

作者： Ha H.Truong Karlie A.Neilson Bernard V.McInerney Ali Khoddami Thomas H.Roberts Sonia Yun Liu Peter H.Selle Poultry Research Foundation within the Faculty of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney australian Poultry crc University of New England australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie University Department of Plant and Food Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Environment The University of Sydney

The Liverpool Plains is a fertile agricultural region in New South Wales, Australia. Two sorghums from the2009 Liverpool Plains harvest, sorghums #3 and #5, were extensively characterised which included concentrations of kafirin and phenolic compounds plus rapid visco-analysis(RVA) starch pasting profiles. Diets based on these two sorghums were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic and were offered to male Ross 308 broiler chicks from 7 to 28 days post–hatch as either intact pellets or reground mash following steam-pelleting at conditioning temperatures of either 65 or 97°C. Thus the feeding study consisted of a 2×2×2 factorial array of dietary treatments: two sorghum varieties, two feed forms and two conditioning temperatures. Each of the eight treatments was replicated six times with six birds per replicate *** parameters included growth performance, nutrient utilisation, apparent starch and protein(N) digestibility coefficients and disappearance rates from the distal jejunum and distal ileum. Intact pellets supported higher(P <0.001) feed intakes and weight gains by 9.83 and 9.08%, respectively, than reground mash diets. Feed conversion ratios of broilers offered diets steam-conditioned at 97°C were 2.46% inferior(P <0.001) in comparison to 65°C diets and both apparent metabolizable energy(AME) and N-corrected AME(AMEn) were compromised. Broilers offered sorghum #3-based diets significantly(P <0.001) outperformed their sorghum #5 counterparts in terms of weight gain by 3.75%(1,334 versus 1,223 g/bird), FCR by 4.81%(1.524 versus 1.601), AME by 1.06 MJ(13.61 versus 12.55 MJ/kg), ME:GE ratio(ME:GE) by 4.81%(0.806 versus0.769) and AMEn by 1.03 MJ(12.38 versus 11.35 MJ/kg). The inferiority of sorghum #5 appeared to be associated with higher concentrations of kafirin(61.5 versus 50.7 g/kg) and conjugated phenolic acids,including ferulic acid(31.1 versus 25.6 mg/g). There were no significant differences in jejunal and ileal starch and protein(N) d

关键词： Broiler chickens Ferulic acid Kafirin Protein Sorghum Starch

DOCK8 regulates signal transduction events to control immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第5期14卷 406-411页

作者： Conor J Kearney Katrina L Randall Jane Oliaro Immune Defence Laboratory Cancer Immunology Division The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre East Melbourne Victoria 3002 Australia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease The John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Acton Australian Capital Territory 2601 Australia australian National University Medical School Australian National University Acton Australian Capital Territory 2605 Australia

Genetic mutations in the gene encoding DOCK8 cause an autosomal recessive form of hyper immunoglobulin E syndrome （AR-HIES）, referred to as DOCK8 deficiency. DOCK8 deficiency in humans results in the onset of combined immunodeficiency disease （CID）, clinically associated with chronic infections with diverse microbial pathogens, and a predisposition to malignancy. It is now becoming clear that DOCK8 regulates the function of diverse immune cell sub-types, particularly lymphocytes, to drive both innate and adaptive immune responses. Early studies demonstrated that DOCK8 is required for lymphocyte survival, migration and immune synapse formation, which translates to poor pathogen control in the absence of DOCK8. However, more recent advances have pointed to a crucial role for DOCK8 in regulating the signal transduction events that control transcriptional activity, cytokine production and functional polarization of immune cells. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of DOCK8 function, paying particular attention to an emerging role as a signaling intermediate to promote immune responses to diverse external stimuli.

关键词： DOCK8 immunodeficiency lymphocytes NK Cells signal transduction

Monogenic deficiency in murine intestinal Cdc42 leads to mucosal inflammation that induces crypt dysplasia

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 413-429页

作者： Dongsheng Zhang Wenjuan Tang Haitao Niu William Tse Hai-Bin Ruan Helmut Dolznig Thomas Knosel Friedrich Karl-Heinz Madeleine Themanns Jiang Wang Mingquan Song Lee Denson Lukas Kenner Richard Moriggl Yi Zheng Xiaonan Han division of Hematology and Oncology Division of Cancer BiologyDepartment of MedicineMetroHealth Medical Center(MHMC)Case Western Reserve University(CWRU)School of MedicineClevelandOH 44109USA Cancer Genomics and Epigenomics Program Case Comprehensive Cancer CenterCase Western Reserve University(CWRU)ClevelandOH 44106USA division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center(CCHMC)CincinnatiOH 45229USA Children’s Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai 201102China School of Medicine Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China Laboratory Animal Science(ILAS) Chinese Academy of Medical Science(CAMS)and Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)Beijing 100006China Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMI 55455USA Institute of Medical Genetics Medical University of ViennaVienna 1040Austria Institute of Pathology Ludwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich 80539Germany Institute of Biochemistry II University Hospital JenaJena 07743Germany Laboratory Animal Pathology University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVienna 1210Austria Department of Pathology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221USA Department of Gastroenterology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266005China Department of Pathology Medical University of ViennaVienna 1040Austria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research Vienna 1090Austria Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1040Austria Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVienna 1210Austria division of Experimental Hematology CCHMCCincinnatiOH 45229USA

CDC42 controls intestinal epithelial(IEC)stem cell(IESC)*** aberrant CDC42 initiates intestinal inflammation or neoplasia is *** utilized models of inflam-matory bowel diseases(IBD),colorectal cancer,aging,and IESC injury to determine the loss of intestinal Cdc42 upon inflammation and *** specimens were collected to determine the levels of CDC42 in IBD or colorectal ***42 floxed mice were crossed with Villin-Cre,Villin-CreERT2 and/or Lgr5-eGFP-IRES-CreERT2,or Bmi1-CreERT2 mice to generate Cdc42 deficient ***,colitis,aging,and intestinal organoid were used to evaluate CDC42 upon mucosal inflammation,IESC/progenitor regenerative capacity,and IEC *** studies revealed that increased CDC42 in colorectal cancer correlated with lower survival;in contrast,lower levels of CDC42 were found in the inflamed IBD *** Cdc42 depletion significantly reduced Lgr5+IEsCs,increased progenitors'hyperplasia,and induced mucosal inflammation,which led to crypt *** Cdc42 depletion markedly enhanced irra-diation-or chemical-induced *** or inhibition of Cdc42 reduced colonic Lgr5+IESC *** conclusion,depletion of Cdc42 reduces the IESC regeneration and IEC repair,leading to prolonged mucosal *** monogenic loss of Cdc42 in-duces mucosal inflammation,which could result in intestinal neoplasia in the context of aging.

关键词： Cell divisioncycle 42(CDC42) Colitis Colorectal cancer(crc) Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) Intestinal epithelial cell(IEC) Intestinal epithelial stem cell(IESC) Irradiation

Molecular insights into clinical trials for immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer:Unravelling challenges and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1815-1835页

作者： Samantha Sharma Naresh Singh Anita Ahmed Turk Isabella Wan Akshay Guttikonda Julia Lily Dong Xinna Zhang Mateusz Opyrchal Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States division of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

Colorectal cancer(crc)is a complex disease with diverse etiologies and clinical *** considerable progress in development of crc therapeutics,challenges remain regarding the diagnosis and management of advanced stage metastatic crc(mcrc).In particular,the five-year survival rate is very low since mcrc is currently rarely *** the past decade,cancer treatment has significantly improved with the introduction of cancer immunotherapies,specifically immune checkpoint *** aimed at blocking immune checkpoints such as PD-1,PD-L1,and CTLA-4 target inhibitory pathways of the immune system,and thereby enhance anti-tumor *** therapies thus have shown promising results in many clinical trials alone or in *** efficacy and safety of immunotherapy,either alone or in combination with crc,have been investigated in several clinical *** trials,including KEYNOTE-164 and CheckMate 142,have led to Food and Drug Administration approval of the PD-1 inhibitors pembrolizumab and nivolumab,respectively,for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic microsatellite instability-high or deficient mismatch repair ***,these drugs benefit only a small percentage of patients,with the benefits of immunotherapy remaining elusive for the vast majority of crc *** this end,primary and secondary resistance to immunotherapy remains a significant issue,and further research is necessary to optimize the use of immunotherapy in crc and identify biomarkers to predict the *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical trials involving immune checkpoint inhibitors in *** underlying rationale,challenges faced,and potential future steps to improve the prognosis and enhance the likelihood of successful trials in this field are discussed.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Immune checkpoint inhibitors Clinical trials Immunotherapy Microsatellite instability Microsatellite stability DNA mismatch repair

Optimization of colorectal cancer screening strategies: New insights

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第28期30卷 3361-3366页

作者： Magie Tamraz Najib Al Ghossaini Sally Temraz Department of Nutrition and Public Health Holy Spirit University of KaslikJounieh 446Lebanon Department of Internal Medicine Ain Wazein Medical VillageChouf 1503Lebanon Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hematology/OncologyAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirut 11072020Lebanon

In this editorial,we discuss the article by Agatsuma et *** concentrate specifically on the current routinely used screening tests recommended by society guidelines and delve into the significance of early diagnosis of colorectal cancer(crc)and its substantial impact on both incidence and mortality *** is highly recommended,and an early diagnosis stands out as the most crucial predictor of survival for crc ***,it is essential to identify and address the barriers hindering adherence to screening measures,as these barriers can vary among different ***,we focus on screening strategy optimization by selecting high-risk *** with comorbidities who regularly visit hospitals have been diagnosed at an early stage,showing no significant difference compared to patients undergoing regular *** finding highlights the importance of extending screening measures to include patients with comorbidities who do not routinely visit the hospital.

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms Early diagnosis Barriers to adherence Cancer screening guidelines Screening tests

东南极洲Lambert冰川流域半个多世纪以来气候变化特征

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兰州大学学报（自然科学版） 2001年第1期37卷 97-101页

作者：张明军李忠勤秦大河效存德杨惠安康建成李军中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所甘肃兰州730000 中国极地研究所上海200129 antarctic crc and australian antarctic division

通过对 1 996/ 1 997年中国首次南极内陆冰盖考察获得的东南极洲 Lambert冰川流域东侧50 m雪芯 ,顶部 1 3 m的δ1 8O资料的分析和积累率的恢复 ,首次揭示了 Lambert冰川流域东侧半个多世纪以来的气候变化特征 ,即半个多世纪以来气候变... 详细信息

通过对 1 996/ 1 997年中国首次南极内陆冰盖考察获得的东南极洲 Lambert冰川流域东侧50 m雪芯 ,顶部 1 3 m的δ1 8O资料的分析和积累率的恢复 ,首次揭示了 Lambert冰川流域东侧半个多世纪以来的气候变化特征 ,即半个多世纪以来气候变化的总趋势为气温升高、降水增加 .而Lambert冰川流域西侧雪芯资料表明 ,本地区半个多世纪以来气温变化趋势不明显 ,降水明显减少 ,说明整个 Lambert冰川流域 2 0世纪 40年代以来气候变化有明显的区域差异性 .同时研究了Lambert冰川流域东西两侧稳定同位素比率和温度的关系 .

关键词： Lambert冰川流域气温东南极洲气候变化稳定同位素比率