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Ultrathin monolithic 3D printed optical coherence tomography endoscopy for preclinical and clinical use

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 753-762页

作者： Jiawen Li Simon Thiele Bryden C.Quirk Rodney W.Kirk Johan W.Verjans Emma Akers Christina A.Bursill Stephen J.Nicholls Alois M.Herkommer Harald Giessen Robert A.McLaughlin australian research Council centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Institute for photonics and Advanced Sensing The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Institute of Applied Optics(ITO)and research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany South australian Health and Medical research Institute(SAHMRI) AdelaideSA 5000Australia Royal Adelaide Hospital AdelaideSA 5000Australia Monash Cardiovascular research centre Monash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3168Australia th Physics Institute and research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany

Preclinical and clinical diagnostics increasingly rely on techniques to visualize internal organs at high resolution via *** endoscopic probes are necessary for imaging small luminal or delicate organs without causing trauma to ***,current fabrication methods limit the imaging performance of highly miniaturized probes,restricting their widespread *** overcome this limitation,we developed a novel ultrathin probe fabrication technique that utilizes 3D microprinting to reliably create side-facing freeform micro-optics(<130μm diameter)on single-mode *** this technique,we built a fully functional ultrathin aberration-corrected optical coherence tomography *** is the smallest freeform 3D imaging probe yet reported,with a diameter of 0.457 mm,including the catheter *** demonstrated image quality and mechanical flexibility by imaging atherosclerotic human and mouse *** ability to provide microstructural information with the smallest optical coherence tomography catheter opens a gateway for novel minimally invasive applications in disease.

关键词： smallest utilize overcome

Performance,litter quality and gaseous odour emissions of broilers fed phytase supplemented diets

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Animal Nutrition 2016年第4期2卷 288-295页

作者： Nishchal K.Sharma Mingan Choct Shu-Biao Wu Robert Smillie Natalie Morgan Amal S.Omar Nisha Sharma Robert A.Swick School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New England Poultry cooperative research centre University of New England Animal Production research Institute Agricultural Research Centre

The effect of graded levels of phytase on performance, bone characteristics, excreta/litter quality and odorant emissions was examined using 720 Ross 308 male d-old broilers. A 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments was employed with 6 replicates of 15 birds per pen. Factors were: diets-positive and negative control(PC, NC); phytase-0, 500,1,000.1,500 FTU/kg. The PC was formulated to meet the 2014 Ross 308 nutrient specifications, whereas the NC was formulated with lower Ca(-1.4 g/kg), available P(-1.5 g/kg), Na(-0.3 g/kg), dLys(-0.2 g/kg) and MEn(-0.28 MJ/kg) equivalent to nutrient matrix values for 500 FTU/kg phytase in the starter,grower and finisher periods(i.e.,downspec diet). On d 24, phytase decreased FCR by 1.6, 4.3 and 4.6 points at inclusion levels of 500.1,000 and 1,500 FTU/kg, respectively(P 0.05). Solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-GC-MS) analysis of gaseous emissions on d 39 indicated no difference in the emission of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, volatile fatty acids and phenols between treatments(P> 0.05). The results indicate that phytase has greater benefits when formulated using nutrient matrix values as compared with adding it over the top in an already nutrient sufficient diet. The later method would be expected to increase feed costs without concomitant performance benefits.

关键词： Broiler Litter quality Meat chickens Odour Performance Phytase

Assessing the impact of conceptual mineral systems uncertainty on prospectivity predictions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 182-207页

作者： Mark D Lindsay Agnieszka M.Piechocka Mark W Jessell Richard Scalzo Jeremie Giraud Guillaume Pirot Edward Cripps Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial research Organisation Mineral Resources Australian Resources Research CentreWA 6151Australia Mineral Exploration cooperative research centre Centre for Exploration TargetingSchool of Earth SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia ARC centre for Data Analytics for Resources and Environments(DARE) Perth and SydneyAustralia University of Sydney School of Mathematics and StatisticsSydneyAustralia Universitéde Lorraine GeoRessourcesCNRS54000 NancyFrance The University of Western Australia Department of Mathematics and StatisticsPerthAustralia

The past two decades have seen a rapid adoption of artificial intelligence methods applied to mineral exploration. More recently, the easier acquisition of some types of data has inspired a broad literature that has examined many machine learning and modelling techniques that combine exploration criteria,or ’features’, to generate predictions for mineral prospectivity. Central to the design of prospectivity models is a ’mineral system’, a conceptual model describing the key geological elements that control the timing and location of economic mineralisation. The mineral systems model defines what constitutes a training set, which features represent geological evidence of mineralisation, how features are engineered and what modelling methods are used. Mineral systems are knowledge-driven conceptual models, thus all parameter choices are subject to human biases and opinion so alternative models are ***, the effect of alternative mineral systems models on prospectivity is rarely compared despite the potential to heavily influence final predictions. In this study, we focus on the effect of conceptual uncertainty on Fe ore prospectivity models in the Hamersley region, Western Australia. Four important considerations are tested.(1) Five different supergene and hypogene conceptual mineral systems models guide the inputs for five forest-based classification prospectivity models model.(2) To represent conceptual uncertainty, the predictions are then combined for prospectivity model comparison.(3)Representation of three-dimensional objects as two-dimensional features are tested to address commonly ignored thickness of geological units.(4) The training dataset is composed of known economic mineralisation sites(deposits) as ’positive’ examples, and exploration drilling data providing ’negative’sampling locations. Each of the spatial predictions are assessed using independent performance metrics common to AI-based classification methods and subjected to geological pl

关键词： Uncertainty Modelling Prospectivity Economic geology Geological plausibility Forest-based classification

Conversion coatings of Mg-alloy AZ91D using trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ionic liquid

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第8期55卷 1598-1607页

作者： HOWLETT P. C. GRAMET S. LIN J. EFTHIMIADIS J. CHEN X. B. BIRBILIS N. FORSYTH M. ARC centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin Univerxlty Burwood Campus Burwood Victoria 3125 Australia CAST cooperative research centre Department of Materials Engineering Monash University Melbourne Victoria 3800 Australia

This work reveals the performance of a trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([P6,6,6,14][NTf2]) ionic liquid (IL) conversion coating upon AZ91D. Such conversion coatings represent a novel avenue for chromate replacement. An optimization of coating performance was pursued by careful alloy pretreatment to generate a surface on which the coating performs best, as the AZ91 substrate is distinctly different from pure or dilute Mg alloys. The results reveal that a functional conversion coating can be achieved, retarding anodic dissolution kinetics, causing a significant decrease in corrosion rate. The coating efficacy is closely tied to the pretreatment performed, which dictates both the microstructural and electrochemical heterogeneity of the surface. The resulting coatings were found to contain MgxFx and phosphonium cation related components, the proportions of which were dependent on the pretreatment.

关键词： AZ91D corrosion conversion coating ionic liquid pretreatment

Two-photon reduction： a cost-effective method for fabrication of functional metallic nanostructures

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2017年第3期60卷 25-41页

作者： Sahar Tabrizi YaoYu Cao Han Lin BaoHua Jia centre for Micro-photonics Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Victoria 3122 Australia

Metallic nanostructures have underpinned plasmonic-based advanced photonic devices in a broad range of research fields over the last decade including physics, engineering, material science and bioscience, The key to realizing functional plasmonie resonances that can manipulate light at the optical frequencies relies on the creation of conductive metallic structures at the nanoscale with low structural defects. Currently, most plasmonic nanostructures are fabricated either by electron beam lithography （EBL） or by focused ion beam （FIB） milling, which are expensive, complicated and time-consuming. In comparison, the direct laser writing （DLW） technique has demonstrated its high spatial resolution and cost-effectiveness in three-dimensional fabrication of micro/nanostrucmres. Furthermore, the recent breakthroughs in superresolution nanofabrication and parallel writing have significantly advanced the fabrication resolution and throughput of the DLW method and made it one of the promising future nanofabrication technologies with low-cost and scalability. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the state-of-the-art DLW fabrication technology for nanometer scale metallic structures. The fabrication mechanisms, different material choices, fabrication capability, including resolution, conductivity and structure surface smoothness, as well as the characterization methods and achievable devices for different applications are presented. In particular, the development trends of the field and the perspectives for future opportunities and challenges are provided at the end of the review. It has been demonstrated that the quality of the metallic structures fabricated using the DLW method is excellent compared with other methods providing a new and enabling platform for functional nanophotonic device fabrication.

关键词： two photon photoreduction metallic nanostructures nanofabrication plasmonics

Photon-pair generation in a quadratically nonlinear parity-time symmetric coupler

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photonics research 2018年第4期6卷 I0006-I0009页

作者： DIANA A.ANTONOSYAN ALEXANDER S.SOLNTSEV ANDREY A.SUKHORUKOV Nonlinear Physics centre Research School of Physics and Engineering Australian National University School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences University of Technology Sydney

Integrated nonlinear waveguide structures enable generation of quantum entangled photons. We describe theoretically the effects of spatially inhomogeneous loss on the creation of photon pairs through spontaneous parametric down-conversion in quadratically nonlinear directional couplers, where photons experience effective parity-time(PT) symmetric potential due to the presence of optical loss in one of the waveguides. We show that for losses below the PT-breaking threshold, the quantum photon states can be flexibly tuned similarly to conservative couplers, whereas for stronger losses, the correlations between two waveguide modes are suppressed. We also formulate a quantum-classical correspondence with sum-frequency generation for fast evaluation of device *** results can be applied for the design of quantum plasmonic circuits.

关键词：非线性波导结构量子光子通讯技术

Capacity of Old Trees to Respond to Environmental Change

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1355-1364页

作者： Nathan G.Phillips Thomas N.Buckley David T.Tissue centre for Plant and Food Science University of Western Sydney Department of Geography and Environment Boston University Department of Biology Sonoma State University School of Biological Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South Wales Bushfire cooperative research centre

Atmospheric carbon dioxide [CO2] has increased dramatically within the current life spans of long-lived trees and old forests. Consider that a 500-year-old tree in the early twenty-first century has spent 70% of its life growing under preindustrial levels of [CO2], which were 30% lower than current levels. Here we address the question of whether old trees have already responded to the rapid rise in [CO2] occurring over the past 150 years. In spite of limited data, aging trees have been shown to possess a substantial capacity for increased net growth after a period of post-maturity growth decline. Observations of renewed growth and physiological function in old trees have, in some instances, coincided with Industrial Age increases in key environmental resources, including [CO2], suggesting the potential for continued growth in old trees as a function of continued global climate change.

关键词： carbon dioxide hydraulic limitation old growth stomata tree rings.

Ultrastructure of the gastro intestinal tract of healthy Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica) using light and scanning electron microscopy

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 378-387页

作者： Ngare Wilkinson Ivan Dinev William J.Aspden Robert J.Hughes Ingrid Christiansen James Chapman Sheeana Gangadoo Robert J.Moore Dragana Stanley Central Queensland University Institute for Future Farming Systems Poultry cooperative research centre University of New England Armidale Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Trakia University South australian research and Development Institute Pig and Poultry Production Institute School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences University of Adelaide School of Science RMIT University Department of Microbiology Monash University

The Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica) are popular both as an alternative protein source and as a model of choice for scientific research in several disciplines. There is limited published information on the histological features of the intestinal tract of Japanese quail. The only comprehensive reference is a book published in 1969. This study aims to fill that niche by providing a reference of general histological features of the Japanese quail, covering all the main sections of the intestinal tract. Both light and scanning electron microscope(SEM) images are presented. Results showed that the Japanese quail intestinal tract is very similar to that of the chicken with the exception of the luminal koilin membrane of the gizzard. Scanning electron microscopic photomicrographs show that in the Japanese quail koilin vertical rods are tightly packed together in a uniform manner making a carpet-like appearance. This differs in chicken where the conformations of vertical rods are arranged in clusters.

关键词： Japanese quail Coturnix japonica Histology Microscopy Scanning electron microscopy Gastrointestinal tract

Perovskite-based low-cost and high-efficiency hybrid halide solar cells

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photonics research 2014年第5期2卷 111-120页

作者： Jiandong Fan Baohua Jia Min Gu centre for Micro-photonics Faculty of ScienceEngineering and TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVictoria 3122Australia

A cost-effective and high-throughput material named perovskite has proven to be capable of converting 15.9%of the solar energy to electricity,compared to an efficiency of 3.8%that was obtained only four years *** has already outperformed most of the thin-film solar cell technologies that researchers have been studying for ***,the architecture of perovskite solar cells has been simplified from the traditional dye-sensitized solar cells to planar-heterojunction solar ***,the performance of perovskite in solar cells has attracted intensive attention and ***,many transformative steps will be put forward over the coming few *** this review,we summarize the recent exciting development in perovskite solar cells,and discuss the fundamental mechanisms of perovskite materials in solar cells and their structural *** addition,future directions and prospects are proposed toward high-efficiency perovskite solar cells for practical applications.

关键词： perovskite halide simplified