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Effects of Bifidobacterium lactis BLa80 on fecal and mucosal flora and stem cell factor/c-kit signaling pathway in simulated microgravity rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 93-109页

作者： Ping Zhang Ying Zhu Pu Chen Tong Zhou Zhe-Yi Han Jun Xiao Jian-Feng Ma Wen Ma Peng Zang Ying Chen Graduate School Hebei North UniversityZhangjiakou 075000Hebei ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Aerospace Nutrition and Food Engineering China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing 100094China Department of Gastroenterology The Air Force Medical CenterBeijing 100142China Department of Blood Transfusion Air Force Medical CenterBeijing 100142China

BACKGROUND Simulated microgravity environment can lead to gastrointestinal motility *** pathogenesis of gastrointestinal motility disorders is closely related to the stem cell factor(SCF)/c-kit signaling pathway associated with intestinal flora and Cajal stromal ***,intestinal flora can also affect the regulation of SCF/c-kit signaling pathway,thus affecting the expression of Cajal stromal *** cells are the pacemakers of gastrointestinal *** To investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium lactis(***)BLa80 on the intestinal flora of rats in simulated microgravity and on the gastrointestinal motility-related SCF/c-kit *** The internationally recognized tail suspension animal model was used to simulate the microgravity environment,and 30 rats were randomly divided into control group,tail suspension group and drug administration tail suspension group with 10 rats in each group for a total of 28 *** tail group was given *** BLa80 by intragastric administration,and the other two groups were given water intragastric administration,the concentration of intragastric administration was 0.1 g/mL,and each rat was 1 mL/***&eosin staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in each segment of the intestine of each group,and the expression levels of SCF,c-kit,extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)and p-ERK in the gastric antrum of each group were detected by Western blotting and *** fecal flora and mucosal flora of rats in each group were detected by 16S *** Simulated microgravity resulted in severe exfoliation of villi of duodenum,jejunum and ileum in rats,marked damage,increased space between villi,loose arrangement,shortened columnar epithelium of colon,less folds,narrower mucosal thickness,reduced goblet cell number and crypts,and significant improvement after probiotic *** microgravity reduced the expressions of SCF and c-kit,and increased the express

关键词： Simulated microgravity Rat Intestinal flora Gastrointestinal motility Stem cell factor/c-kit signaling pathway

Treadmill exercise in combination with acousto-optic and olfactory stimulation improves cognitive function in APP/PS1 mice through the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-and Cygb-associated signaling pathways

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2706-2726页

作者： Biao Xiao Chaoyang Chu Zhicheng Lin Tianyuan Fang Yuyu Zhou Chuxia Zhang Jianghui Shan Shiyu Chen Liping Li Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang ProvinceChina Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province NingboZhejiang ProvinceChina

A reduction in adult neurogenesis is associated with behavioral abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer's ***,enhancing adult neurogenesis represents a promising therapeutic approach for mitigating disease symptoms and ***,nonpharmacological interventions aimed at inducing adult neurogenesis are currently *** individual non-pharmacological interventions,such as aerobic exercise,acousto-optic stimulation,and olfactory stimulation,have shown limited capacity to improve neurogenesis and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease,the therapeutic effect of a strategy that combines these interventions has not been fully *** this study,we observed an age-dependent decrease in adult neurogenesis and a concurrent increase in amyloid-beta accumulation in the hippocampus of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice aged 2-8 *** deposition became evident at 4 months,while neurogenesis declined by 6 months,further deteriorating as the disease ***,following a 4-week multifactor stimulation protocol,which encompassed treadmill running(46 min/d,10 m/min,6 days per week),40 Hz acousto-optic stimulation(1 hour/day,6 days/week),and olfactory stimulation(1 hour/day,6 days/week),we found a significant increase in the number of newborn cells(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive cells),immature neurons(doublecortin-positive cells),newborn immature neurons(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive/doublecortin-positive cells),and newborn astrocytes(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive/glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells).Additionally,the amyloid-beta load in the hippocampus *** findings suggest that multifactor stimulation can enhance adult hippocampal neurogenesis and mitigate amyloid-beta neuropathology in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 ***,cognitive abilities were improved,and depressive symptoms were alleviated in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice

关键词： acousto-optic stimulation adult neurogenesis Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice amyloid-beta deposition brain cell apoptosis cognitive impairment depression-like behavior involuntary treadmill exercise olfactory stimulation serum metabolites

Bowel preparation before colonoscopy: Consequences, mechanisms, and treatment of intestinal dysbiosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第2期31卷 13-26页

作者： Ze-Long Zheng Qing-Fan Zheng Li-Qiang Wang Yi Liu Department of Gastroenterology(Endoscopy center) China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina

The term“gut microbiota”primarily refers to the ecological community of various microorganisms in the gut,which constitutes the largest microbial community in the human *** adequate bowel preparation can improve the results of colonoscopy,it may interfere with the gut *** preparation for colonoscopy can lead to transient changes in the gut microbiota,potentially affecting an individual’s health,especially in vulnerable populations,such as patients with inflammatory bowel ***,measures such as oral pro-biotics may ameliorate these adverse *** focused on the bowel prepa-ration-induced changes in the gut microbiota and host health status,hypothesized the factors influencing these changes,and attempted to identify measures that may reduce dysbiosis,thereby providing more information for individualized bowel preparation for colonoscopy in the future.

关键词： Bowel preparation Colonoscopy Microbiota Inflammatory bowel disease Probiotics

The emerging role of nitric oxide in the synaptic dysfunction of vascular dementia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 402-415页

作者： Xiaorong Zhang Zhiying Chen Yinyi Xiong Qin Zhou Ling-Qiang Zhu Dan Liu Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research center JiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina center for Cognitive Science and Transdisciplinary Studies Jiujiang UniversityJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic MedicineTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

With an increase in global aging,the number of people affected by cerebrovascular diseases is also increasing,and the incidence of vascular dementia-closely related to cerebrovascular risk-is increasing at an epidemic ***,few therapeutic options exist that can markedly improve the cognitive impairment and prognosis of vascular dementia *** in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurological disorders,synaptic dysfunction is recognized as the main reason for cognitive *** oxide is one of the ubiquitous gaseous cellular messengers involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous ***,nitric oxide has been implicated in regulating synaptic plasticity and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular *** review introduces in detail the emerging role of nitric oxide in physiological and pathological states of vascular dementia and summarizes the diverse effects of nitric oxide on different aspects of synaptic dysfunction,neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,and blood-brain barrier dysfunction that underlie the progress of vascular ***,we propose that targeting the nitric oxide-sGC-cGMP pathway using certain specific approaches may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular dementia.

关键词： endoplasmic reticulum stress endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene therapy nitric oxide NO-sGC-cGMP pathway synaptic dysfunction vascular dementia

Loss-of-function mutations of microRNA-142-3p promote ASH1L expression to induce immune evasion and hepatocellular carcinoma progression

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 126-145页

作者： Xing-Hui Yu Yan Xie Jian Yu Kun-Ning Zhang Zhou-Bo Guo Di Wang Zhao-Xian Li Wei-Qi Zhang Yu-Ying Tan Li Zhang Wen-Tao Jiang School of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjin 300192China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer Tianjin First Center HospitalTianjin 300192China Department of Liver Transplantation Tianjin First Center HospitalTianjin 300192China First Central Clinical School Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300192China

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has been a pervasive malignancy throughout the world with elevated *** therapeutic targets are beneficial to treat and predict the ***,the exact molecular mechanisms leading to the progression of HCC are still *** has shown that the microRNA-142-3p level decreases in HCC,whereas bioinformatics analysis of the cancer genome atlas database shows the ASH1L expression increased among liver tumor *** this paper,we will explore the effects and mechanisms of microRNA-142-3p and ASH1L affect the prognosis of HCC patients and HCC cell bioactivity,and the association between *** To investigate the effects and mechanisms of microRNA-142-3p and ASH1L on the HCC cell bioactivity and prognosis of HCC *** In this study,we grouped HCC patients according to their immunohistochemistry results of ASH1L with pathological tissues,and retrospectively analyzed the prognosis of HCC ***,explored the roles and mechanisms of microRNA-142-3p and ASH1L by cellular and animal experiments,which involved the following experimental methods:Immunohistochemical staining,western blot,quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction,flow cytometric analysis,tumor xenografts in nude mice,*** statistical methods involved in this study contained t-test,one-way analysis of variance,theχ^(2)test,the Kaplan-Meier approach and the log-rank *** In this study,we found that HCC patients with high expression of ASH1L possess a more recurrence rate as well as a decreased overall survival ***1L promotes the tumorigenicity of HCC and microRNA-142-3p exhibits reduced expression in HCC tissues and interacts with ASH1L through targeting the ASH1L 3′untranslated ***,microRNA-142-3p promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation,invasion,and migration of HCC cell lines in vitro via *** the exploration mechanism,we found ASH1L may promote an immunosuppressive mi

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma MicroRNA-142-3p ASH1L Immune evasion Tumor immune microenvironment Apoptosis

Passive activity enhances residual control ability in patients with complete spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2337-2347页

作者： Yanqing Xiao Mingming Gao Zejia He Jia Zheng Hongming Bai Jia-Sheng Rao Guiyun Song Wei Song Xiaoguang Li Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Evaluation China Rehabilitation Research CenterBeijingChina Cardiac center Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina The State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Engineering China Rehabilitation Science InstituteBeijingChina

Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury ***,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these muscles may not effectively engage any of the remaining neurons in the descending pathway.A previous study unexpectedly found that a brief clinical round of passive activity significantly increased volitional muscle activation,as measured by surface *** this study,we further explored the effect of passive activity on surface electromyographic signals during volitional control tasks among individuals with complete spinal cord *** patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury were *** electromyography data from eight major leg muscles were acquired and compared before and after the passive activity *** results indicated that the passive activity led to an increased number of activated volitional muscles and an increased frequency of *** the cumulative root mean square of surface electromyography amplitude for volitional control of movement showed a slight increase after passive activity,the difference was not statistically *** findings suggest that brief passive activity may enhance the ability to initiate volitional muscle activity during surface electromyography tasks and underscore the potential of passive activity for improving residual motor control among patients with motor complete spinal cord injury.

关键词： complete spinal cord injury cycle training epidural electrical stimulation motor training passive activity physiological state spinal cord circuit surface electromyography volitional control task

Exosomes:the next-generation therapeutic platform for ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1221-1235页

作者： Wenjing Yin Hongyin Ma Yang Qu Jiaxin Ren Yingying Sun Zhen-Ni Guo Yi Yang Stroke center Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Neuroscience Research center Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

Current therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke fall short of the desired objective of neurological functional ***,there is an urgent need to develop new methods for the treatment of this *** are natural cell-derived vesicles that mediate signal transduction between cells under physiological and pathological *** have low immunogenicity,good stability,high delivery efficiency,and the ability to cross the blood–brain *** physiological properties of exosomes have the potential to lead to new breakthroughs in the treatment of ischemic *** rapid development of nanotechnology has advanced the application of engineered exosomes,which can effectively improve targeting ability,enhance therapeutic efficacy,and minimize the dosages *** in technology have also driven clinical translational research on *** this review,we describe the therapeutic effects of exosomes and their positive roles in current treatment strategies for ischemic stroke,including their antiinflammation,anti-apoptosis,autophagy-regulation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,and glial scar formation reduction ***,it is worth noting that,despite their significant therapeutic potential,there remains a dearth of standardized characterization methods and efficient isolation techniques capable of producing highly purified *** optimization strategies should prioritize the exploration of suitable isolation techniques and the establishment of unified workflows to effectively harness exosomes for diagnostic or therapeutic applications in ischemic ***,our review aims to summarize our understanding of exosome-based treatment prospects in ischemic stroke and foster innovative ideas for the development of exosome-based therapies.

关键词： blood–brain barrier electroacupuncture engineering exercise exosomes ischemic stroke mesenchymal stem cells microglia neuroprotection stents

Recent progress in the applications of presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography imaging in parkinsonism

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 93-106页

作者： Yujie Yang Xinyi Li Jiaying Lu Jingjie Ge Mingjia Chen Ruixin Yao Mei Tian Jian Wang Fengtao Liu Chuantao Zuo Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias Ministry of EducationDepartment of Medical GeneticsShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Neurology National Research Center for Aging and MedicineNational Center for Neurological Disordersand State Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Nuclear Medicine&PET center National Center for Neurological Disordersand National Clinical Research Center for Aging and MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina International Human Phenome Institutes(Shanghai) ShanghaiChina Human Phenome Institute Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Nowadays,presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography,which assesses deficiencies in dopamine synthesis,storage,and transport,is widely utilized for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of *** review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest developments in the application of presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography imaging in disorders that manifest *** conducted a thorough literature search using reputable databases such as PubMed and Web of *** criteria involved identifying peer-reviewed articles published within the last 5 years,with emphasis on their relevance to clinical *** findings from these studies highlight that presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography has demonstrated potential not only in diagnosing and differentiating various Parkinsonian conditions but also in assessing disease severity and predicting ***,when employed in conjunction with other imaging modalities and advanced analytical methods,presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography has been validated as a reliable in vivo *** validation extends to screening and exploring potential neuropathological mechanisms associated with dopaminergic *** summary,the insights gained from interpreting these studies are crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of preclinical investigations and clinical trials,ultimately advancing toward the goals of neuroregeneration in parkinsonian disorders.

关键词： aromatic amino acid decarboxylase brain imaging dopamine transporter Parkinson’s disease parkinsonism positron emission tomography presynaptic dopaminergic function vesicle monoamine transporter type 2

Toward understanding the role of genomic repeat elements in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 646-659页

作者： Zhengyu An Aidi Jiang Jingqi Chen Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina MOE Frontiers center for Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation center ShanghaiChina

Neurodegenerative diseases cause great medical and economic burdens for both patients and society;however, the complex molecular mechanisms thereof are not yet well understood. With the development of high-coverage sequencing technology, researchers have started to notice that genomic repeat regions, previously neglected in search of disease culprits, are active contributors to multiple neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we describe the association between repeat element variants and multiple degenerative diseases through genome-wide association studies and targeted sequencing. We discuss the identification of disease-relevant repeat element variants, further powered by the advancement of long-read sequencing technologies and their related tools, and summarize recent findings in the molecular mechanisms of repeat element variants in brain degeneration, such as those causing transcriptional silencing or RNA-mediated gain of toxic function. Furthermore, we describe how in silico predictions using innovative computational models, such as deep learning language models, could enhance and accelerate our understanding of the functional impact of repeat element variants. Finally, we discuss future directions to advance current findings for a better understanding of neurodegenerative diseases and the clinical applications of genomic repeat elements.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease ataxia deep learning long-read sequencing neurodegeneration neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson's disease repeat element structural variant