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Exclosures restored the density and root colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 339-350页

作者： Emiru Birhane Kide Mogos Gebremedihin Tewodros Tadesse Mengsteab Hailemariam Negasi Solomon Department of Land Resources management and Environmental protection Mekelle UniversityPO Box 231MekelleEthiopia Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource management Norwegian University of Life SciencesPO Box 50031432ÅsNorway Department of Natural Resource Economics and management Mekelle UniversityPO Box 231MekelleEthiopia

Introduction:Exclusion of grazing animals and tree plantations were among the methods used for the restoration of degraded lands in tropical semiarid *** can foster secondary forest succession by improving soil conditions and modifying microclimate for understory *** paper compared the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)spore density,root colonization of woody plants and soil chemical properties under exclosure with increasing age,and grazing land at different slope ***:The study was conducted in northern Ethiopia from 12 exclosure sites paired each with adjacent grazing land in total from 24 sites with four treatments replicated three *** the entire study,216 plots were examined of which 108 were in exclosures and 108 in communal grazing *** were four age classes and three slope positions in each of the land *** soil and root samples were collected using nested plots measuring 100m2 from four sides of 1763 plants for spore enumeration and root *** for chemical properties were collected from the four corners and center of 5 m×5 m ***:All the 61 woody plant species that belong to 41 families were colonized by *** density and root colonization were significantly higher in exclosures as compared to grazing land and increased with increasing ages of *** slope had significantly higher spore density and root colonization than middle and upper *** chemical properties were significantly higher in the exclosure,oldest age of exclosure,and foot slope position(except P).AMF spore density and root colonization were significantly positively correlated with soil chemical ***:Exclosures are helpful to restore the AMF spore density and root colonization of woody species and soil fertility.

关键词： Spore density Root colonization Age of exclosure Slope position

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Reconstruction of hollow areas in density profiles from frequency swept reflectometry

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第6期22卷 32-40页

作者： Rennan B MORALES Stéphane HEURAUX Roland SABOT Sébastien HACQUIN Frédéric CLAIRET the Tore Supra Team United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Culham Centre for Fusion EnergyCulham Science CentreAbingdonOxonOX143DBUnited Kingdom IJL UMR CNRSUniversity of LorraineBP50840NancyF-54011France Institute of Physics University of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05315-970Brazil IRFM CEACadaracheF-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance EUROfusion programme management Unit Culham Science CentreCulham OX143DBUnited Kingdom

The standard density profile reconstruction techniques are based on the WKB approximation of the probing wave’s phase,making them unable to properly reconstruct blind areas in the cut-off frequency *** reconstruction suffers a significant immediate error that is not rapidly *** is demonstrated that even though no reflections occur inside the hollow region causing the blind area,the higher probing frequencies that propagate through it carry information that can be used to estimate its *** usually ignored full-wave effects were investigated with the use of full-wave simulations in 1 D,with special attention paid to the frequency band where they are dominant.A database of perturbation signals was simulated onfive-dimensions of parameters and an application of the database inversion was demonstrated for a magnetic island in a Tore Supra *** new adapted reconstruction scheme improved the description of the density profile inside the hollow region and also along 10 cm after it.

关键词： FM-CW reflectometry profile reconstruction reflectometry density profile hollow profile blind area

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flood-Induced Vulnerabilities and Problems Encountered by Women in Northern Bangladesh

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2013年第4期4卷 190-199页

作者： Abul Kalam Azad Khondoker Mokaddem Hossain Mahbuba Nasreen Institute of Disaster management and Vulnerability Studies (IDMVS) University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh

This study examines flood-induced vulnerabilities among women in northern *** and disadvantaged women are more vulnerable to disasters than men due to the conditions that predispose them to severe disaster *** suffer from physical injuries and are often evicted from their dwellings due to *** in finding adequate shelter,food,safe water,and fuel for cooking,as well as problems in maintaining personal hygiene and sanitation,prevent women from performing their usual roles at *** of these are problems related to women’s gender identity and social *** poor and destitute women remain unemployed during and after *** also suffer from domestic violence and are subject to harassment when taking shelter or refuge at community *** particular vulnerabilities and problems interrupt women’s mitigation efforts and adaptation capacities in disaster risk reduction.

关键词： floods disaster injuries

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Self-assembly of differentiated dental pulp stem cells facilitates spheroid human dental organoid formation and prevascularization

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第3期16卷 287-304页

作者： Fei Liu Jing Xiao Lei-Hui Chen Yu-Yue Pan Jun-Zhang Tian Zhi-Ren Zhang Xiao-Chun Bai School of Basic Medical Sciences Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Health management Guangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhou 510317Guangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Zhuhai People’s Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina Centre of Reproduction Development and AgingFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao 999078China Department of Stomatology Guangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhou 510317Guangdong ProvinceChina Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Cell Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The self-assembly of solid organs from stem cells has the potential to greatly expand the applicability of regenerative *** cells can self-organise into microsized organ units,partially modelling tissue function and *** pulp organoids have been used to recapitulate the processes of tooth development and related ***,the lack of vasculature limits the utility of dental pulp *** To improve survival and aid in recovery after stem cell transplantation,we demonstrated the three-dimensional(3D)self-assembly of adult stem cell-human dental pulp stem cells(hDPSCs)and endothelial cells(ECs)into a novel type of spheroid-shaped dental pulp organoid in vitro under hypoxia and conditioned medium(CM).METHODS During culture,primary hDPSCs were induced to differentiate into ECs by exposing them to a hypoxic environment and *** hypoxic pretreated hDPSCs were then mixed with ECs at specific ratios and conditioned in a 3D environment to produce prevascularized dental pulp *** biological characteristics of the organoids were analysed,and the regulatory pathways associated with angiogenesis were *** The combination of these two agents resulted in prevascularized human dental pulp organoids(Vorganoids)that more closely resembled dental pulp tissue in terms of morphology and ***-cell RNA sequencing of dental pulp tissue and RNA sequencing of Vorganoids were integrated to analyse key regulatory pathways associated with *** biomarkers forkhead box protein O1 and fibroblast growth factor 2 were identified to be involved in the regulation of *** In this innovative study,we effectively established an in vitro model of Vorganoids and used it to elucidate new mechanisms of angiogenesis during regeneration,facilitating the development of clinical treatment strategies.

关键词： Human dental pulp stem cells Prevascularized organoids Integrated analyses Angiogenesis Forkhead box protein O1

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Effect of rangeland rehabilitation on the herbaceous species composition and diversity in Suswa catchment,Narok County,Kenya

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 427-435页

作者： N.J.Ombega S.M.Mureithi O.K.Koech A.N.Karuma C.K.K.Gachene Department of Land Resource management and Agricultural Technology(LARMAT) University of NairobiP.O Box 29053Nairobi 00625Kenya Sustainable Land management(SLM)Agro-Pastoral Project Kenya NairobiKenya

Introduction:Land degradation is a serious environmental problem of our *** Kenya,it is estimated that 30%of the total land mass is severely *** catchment within Narok County is a good example with gullies of over 25 m deep and 30 m *** response to the increasing land degradation in the area,the Sustainable Land management(SLM)project rehabilitated the catchment through establishment of soil and water conservation structures such as cutoff drains,semicircular bunds,and water retention *** the various rehabilitation approaches carried out,little research has been done to ascertain their effect on successful vegetation *** coupled with the fact that many restoration approaches have failed in East Africa and Kenya in particular gave drive to the *** objective of this study was to determine the effects of rangeland rehabilitation on herbaceous species composition and diversity in a severely degraded ***:To assess the diversity of aboveground herbaceous layer in the rehabilitated and degraded areas along a slope(upper,middle,and lower),line transect and quadrat count methods were *** each slope position,three 100-m-long transects were placed across the hill parallel to one another 30 m apart using a *** species hit,the closest species to the hit,and hits on bare ground were *** the same transects,1-m2 quadrats were placed 25 m apart and aboveground biomass determined by the use of the destructive *** the determination of species richness,diversity,relative abundance,percentage cover,and species composition,the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was *** collected on vegetation attributes was subjected to analysis of variance(ANOVA)using Genstat and Tukey’s HSD post hoc used in means separation where F values were ***:The results showed that percent cover(74.67%),aboveground biomass(1459 kg/ha),relative abundance,richness,composition,and diversity of perennial grass

关键词： Rehabilitation Land degradation Slope,Herbaceous layer Biodiversity

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Flash flood Risk Assessment and Driving Factors:A Case Study of the Yantanxi River Basin,Southeastern China

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第2期13卷 291-304页

作者： Liutong Chen Zhengtao Yan Qian Li Yingjun Xu Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster Ministry of EducationFaculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency management Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of National Safety and Emergency management Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

In the context of climate change,the impact of extreme precipitation and its chain effects has intensified in the southeastern coastal region of China,posing a serious threat to the socioeconomic development in the *** study took tropical cyclones–extreme precipitation–flash floods as an example to carry out a risk assessment of flash floods under climate change in the Yantanxi River Basin,southeastern *** obtain the flash flood inundation characteristics through hydrologic–hydrodynamic modeling,the study combined representative concentration pathway(RCP)and shared socioeconomic pathway(SSP)scenarios to examine the change of flash flood risk and used the geographical detector to explore the driving factors behind the *** results show that flash flood risk in the Yantanxi River Basin will significantly increase,and that socioeconomic factors and precipitation are the main driving *** the RCP4.5-SSP2 and RCP8.5-SSP5 scenarios,the risk of flash floods is expected to increase by 88.79%and 95.57%,*** main drivers in the case study area are GDP density(q=0.85),process rainfall(q=0.74),asset density(q=0.68),and population density(q=0.67).The study highlights the influence of socioeconomic factors on the change of flash flood disaster risk in small river *** findings also provide a reference for regional planning and construction of flood control facilities in flash flood-prone areas,which may help to reduce the risk of flash floods.

关键词： Asset values China Climate change Extreme precipitation Flash flood risk Geographical detector Tropical cyclones

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Consumers’experiences and preferences for plant-based meat food:Evidence from a choice experiment in four cities of China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第1期22卷 306-319页

作者： WANG Ge Madison T PLASTER Bai Yun-li LIU Cheng-fang China Center for Agricultural Policy School of Advanced Agricultural SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871P.R.China Yenching Academy Peking UniversityBeijing 100871P.R.China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101R.P.China United Nations Environment programme–International Ecosystem management Partnership Beijing 100101R.P.China

This paper examined consumers’experiences in and preferences for plant-based meat(PBM)food and their respective correlates,based on data from an online survey of 579 consumers in four major cities in China in early *** first described consumers’experiences in consuming and purchasing PBM food and their correlates,and then analyzed consumer preferences using hypothetical choice *** experiment offered consumers various options to purchase burgers made from PBM or animal-based meat(ABM),combined with different countries of origin(COO),taste labels,and *** data showed that respondents hold overall positive attitudes toward PBM food;85 and 82%of respondents reported experience in eating and purchasing PBM food,*** than half of them ate PBM food because they wanted to try new food(58%),or were interested in healthy food(56%).Income,religion,and dietary restrictions were significantly correlated with consumers’experiences in PBM food *** from the Random Parameter Logit Model based on the hypothetical choice experiment data showed that 79%of respondents chose PBM burgers and were willing to pay an average of 88 CNY for a PBM *** also found that 99.8 and 83%of respondents are willing to buy burgers made in China and those with a taste label,with a willingness to pay(WTP)of 208 and 120 CNY,*** heterogeneity test revealed that females and those with at least a bachelor’s degree,higher income,religious beliefs,and dietary restrictions are more likely to buy PBM burgers than their counterparts.

关键词： plant-based meat(PBM) choice experiment consumers’preference willingness to pay

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Review of the status of urban flood monitoring and forecasting in TC region

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2022年第2期11卷 103-119页

作者： Jinping Liu Hyo-Seob Cho Sazali Osman Hyeon-Gyo Jeong Kwonmin Lee UNESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committe Seccretarist MacaoChina Han River flood Control Office Ministry of EnvironmentSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Irrigation and Drainage Ministry of Natural Resources and WaterPutrajayaMalaysia Department of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

With the impacts of rapid urbanization and climate change,the urban flood has increasingly become a major hazard risk faced by human being in recent *** catastrophic urban flood events appear every year in the world,especially in Asia and Pacific region due to its geographical composition,density population and un-even economic and social *** reduce the urban flood risk and enhance the resilience of vulnerable communities,especially coastal communities,the Members of ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee(TC)have made their great efforts including engineering and non-engineering measures based on their different national *** a key part of non-engineering measures,it is recognized that improving urban flood monitoring and forecasting is a measure with high benefit related to cost on urban flood risk *** recent years,TC Members enhanced their capacity building on urban flood monitoring,forecasting and simulation,inundation mapping,*** order to enhance the technical cooperation and exchange on this aspect,Typhoon Committee Working Group on Hydrology(WGH)conducted two projects on“Urban flood Risk management in Typhoon Committee Area(UFRM)”and“Operation System for Urban flood Forecasting and Inundation Mapping(OSUFFIM)”in the past *** paper generally reviewed the situation and causes of urban flood in TC region;briefly summarized the progresses and shortages on urban flood monitoring and forecasting in TC Members;and initially discussed the areas to be enhanced in future for improvement of urban flood monitoring,forecasting and simulation,and inundation mapping with up-to-date development of weather radar and satellite monitoring,image-based monitoring,information technology(IT),Internet of Things(IoT),big data and artificial intelligence(AI).

关键词： Urban flood Monitoring Forecasting

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Spatial Variation of Dissolved Nutrient and Heavy Metal Concentrations in River Bed Sediments as Influenced by Land-Use Patterns in Ogun-Osun River Basin, Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第11期4卷 1203-1212页

作者： Adebayo Oke Abimbola Sangodoyin Kayode Are Ayodele Adelana Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Department Faculty of Technology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Obafemi Awolowo University Institute of Agricultural Research and Training Land and Water Resources Management Programme Moor Plantation Ibadan Nigeria

Evaluation of levels and spatial characteristics of dissolved nutrients and heavy metals in the river bed sediment within a basin are critical to understanding the extent of land-use impact on the river systems. Surface river bed sediments across eight rivers in the Ogun-Osun River Basin in Nigeria were collected and analyzed for Total N, , Total P, Total organic carbon, Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn and Cr. Pollution Load Index (PLI), Accumulation Factor (AF) and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) were used to identify the impact of the pollutants and also define the spatial variation across the basin. The pollution load indices of heavy metals were moderately high ranging from 0.41 - 0.60, while AFs were 0.43 - 2.00 and 0.61 - 1.29 for heavy metals and nutrients from upstream to downstream in the rivers systems, respectively. The HCA identified 7 distinct spatial patterns describing pollutant input from the land-use in the basin. Although, heavy metals contents were low in relation to the background values, and the potential for redistribution and secondary pollution was high hence, there was need to impose checks on the activities across agricultural, urban and grazing land-uses that had impact negatively on the river systems in the basin.

关键词： Ogun-Osun Bed Sediment Pollution Accumulation Factor Hierarchical Clustering Analysis

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Improving the BER performance of turbo codes with short frame size based on union bound

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High Technology Letters 2015年第3期21卷 309-314页

作者：邵霞 Li Ping Zhang Weidang Department of Information Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power Department of Information management Shengda Trade Economics & Management College of Zhengzhou School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University

timizing the formula, the energy for every bit of the codeword is optimized to achieve the minimum BER at high SNR region. At last, an adjustable parameter is employed to compensate the degrada- tions of BER at low and moderate SNR regions. Case studies indicate that the improvements of BER for turbo codes with short frame size are significant at a wide range of SNR

关键词： channel coding bit error rate (BER) energy allocation turbo code

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