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Multiple Forces Driving China's Economic Development:A New Analytic Framework

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China & World Economy 2007年第3期15卷 103-120页

作者： Yahua Wang Angang Hu assistant professor at the Public Policy and management School Tsinghua University professor and director of the Center for China Studies Tsingha University

Based on economic growth theory and the World Bank＇s analytical framework relating to the quality of growth, the present paper constructs a framework that encompasses physical, international, human, natural and knowledge capital to synthetically interpret economic development. After defining the five types of capital and total capital, we analyze the dynamic changes of these types of capital in China and in other countries. The results show that since China＇ s reform and opening up, knowledge, international, human and physical capital have grown rapidly, with speeds of growth higher than that of economic growth. As the five types of capital have all increased at varying paces, the savings level of total capital in China has quadrupled in 25 years and overtook that of the USA in the 1990s. The changes in the five types of capital and total capital reveal that there are progressively multiple driving forces behind China＇ s rapid economic development. Implications for China＇s long-term economic development are thereby raised.

关键词： China's economic development five types of capital quality of growth total capital

Global Production Network and the Upgrading of China's Integrated Circuit Industry

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China & World Economy 2010年第6期18卷 109-126页

作者： Ling Chen Lan Xue assistant professor School of Public Policy and Management Tsinghua University Beijing China

Using an analytical framework of the global production network （GPN）, the present paper examines the external environment and the internal dynamics of China＇s integrated circuit （IC） industry. We analyze the transition of China＇s IC industry from a state-led integrated device manufacturers＇ model to deeper integration into the GPN. We also explore the technological sources, the upgrading dynamics as well as the positioning of different nodes of China＇s IC industry in the GPN. We conclude that the ＂East Asia model＇＂ of gradual industrial upgrading might not apply anymore in the new era of GPN. High-technology industries can now be upgraded based on a parallel evolution model. Policy implications for China＇s high-technology industrial upgrading strategies are drawn from our analysis.

关键词： global production network industrial value chain integrated circuit industry

THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEO-MORPHOLOGICAL MODELLING OF ESTUARINE WATERS

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2003年第1期18卷 1-16页

作者： Morteza.KOLAHDOOZAN,Roger A.FALCONER Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering AmirKabir University Halcrow professor of Environmental Water management Cardiff School of Engineering Cardiff University assistant professor Tehran Iran UK

Details are given herein of the development and application of a three-dimensional layer integrated numerical model to predict geo-morphological changes in estuarine waters. An Alternating Direction Implicit finite difference algorithm has been used for solving the governing differential equations, which include the conservation of mass and momentum for the hydrodynamics, the transport equation for suspended sediment fluxes and the sediment mass conservation equation for bed level changes. The model includes a modified term for the initiation of motion, which takes account of the unsteady nature of the flow. Model predictions have been compared with results of other model studies reported in the literature and also laboratory measurements, with the refined criteria for the initiation of motion for tidal currents giving improved results. Finally, the model has been applied to predict bed level changes due to suspended sediment fluxes in the Humber Estuary, UK.

关键词： Sediment transport Numerical models Geo-morphological changes Estuarine processes

Scenario of solar energy and policies in India

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 117-128页

作者： Sathish Kumar M Prity Kumari Y.A.Lad Sherin Maria Teaching assistant Symbiosis Institute of Business ManagementSymbiosis International(Deemed)UniversityNagpur440008MaharashtraIndia assistant professor and Head Department of Basic ScienceCollege of HorticultureAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand388110GujaratIndia Associate professor&Head Department of HRD&PMInternational Agribusiness Management InstituteAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand388110GujaratIndia Research assistant International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)HyderabadTelanganaIndia

Solar power is energy from the Sun that is converted into thermal or electrical ***,the USA,and India have the world’s richest solar energy *** receives solar radiation with an average intensity of 200 MW/km^(2) and 250–300 sunny days a *** solar radiation in India varies from 4 to 7 kWh/m^(2)/day,with 2300–3200 sunshine hours yearly,depending on the *** Solar Park,Jodhpur,India,is the world’s largest solar plant,with 2.25 GW of installed *** energy is the best alternative elec-tricity source used explicitly in the agricultural *** the farming sector,the consumption of solar energy has been *** major issues were the installation costs,low availability of technicians,and poor quality of *** focus on skill development equips the workforce to drive innovation,efficiency,and sustained growth in the renewable-energy *** the support of inter-national collaboration and a skilled workforce,India’s progress in solar energy development is a boon for the industry.

关键词： solar energy benefits policies challenges achievements

Classification of Growth Clubs and Convergence: Evidence from Panel Data in China, 1981-2004

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China & World Economy 2007年第5期15卷 91-106页

作者： Wei Zou Hao Zhou professor Institute for Advanced Study （IAS） the School of Economics and Management Wuhan University Wuhan China assistant professor Jinan University Guangzhou China

This paper uses provincial panel data to examine club convergence in China during 1981- 2004. We estimate the province-specific initial technology level, A（O）, and classify the Chinese economy into ＂developed club＂ and ＂underdeveloped club ＂ based on the economic characteristics of A（O）, instead of on geographical location. We find significant evidence of conditional convergence across provinces, and that the convergence speed in the developed club is faster than that in the underdeveloped club. We also find that.＂（i） human capital accumulation contributes more than physical capital does to club convergence,＂（ii） there is a positive correlation between infrastructure and growth convergence at the national level and within the developed club, while the spillover effect of infrastructure has not been developed in the developing club; and （iii） the effect of economic openness on convergence is tiny, and insignificant across and within clubs.

关键词： club convergence Kernel density initial technology level

Key networks to create disaster resilient Smart Cities Mission: A case for remodeling India’s Smart Cities Mission to include disaster resilience

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Resilient Cities and Structures

Resilient Cities and Structures 2024年第4期3卷 52-62页

作者： Yamini Meduri R.Singh Geetha Manoharan assistant professor ICFAI Business SchoolICFAI Foundation for Higher EducationIndia Research Scholar SR UniversityIndia assistant professor School of BusinessSR UniversityIndia

Amidst a concerning surge in urban losses attributed to disasters,this research paper explores the intricate relationship between urban development,disaster mitigation,and resilience emphasizing the significance of addressing disaster vulnerability in urban settings,where a substantial portion of the population faces risks stemming from high population density,limited resilience,and inadequate coping *** study advocates for the integration of disaster resilience principles into the Smart Cities Mission of India,placing particular emphasis on the necessity of developing infrastructure,establishing early warning systems,and fostering community engagement to bolster urban ***,the paper draws comparisons and parallels between the components of smart cities,mitigation strategies,and disaster resilience,illuminating their interconnectedness and potential *** conclusion,the study recommends the incorporation of essential network elements to establish a Smart Cities Mission that is resilient to disasters,ultimately aiming to safeguard urban communities from the adverse impacts of future calamities.

关键词： Disaster resilience Smart city mission Disaster mitigation Disaster management

Editors＇ Words： Introduction to the Special Issue

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China & World Economy 2017年第5期25卷 1-3页

作者： Giovanni B. Andornino Giorgio Prodi assistant professor Department of Culture Politics and Society University of Torino Italy Associate professor Department of Economics and Management Ferrara University Italy

The Belt and Road Initiative （BRI） is increasingly regarded as Beijing＇s most ambitiousforeign policy proposition since Deng Xiaoping set China on a path of reform, openingup and maintaining a low profile in international affairs in the early 1980s. While it isstill in the process of being fully articulated, the BRI may be viewed as an overarchingpolitical vision conferring strategic quality to a set of policy streams that aim to advancetransregional multilayered connectivity across Eurasia and Africa, and thereby establisha dynamic of development cross-acceleration between these regions and China.

关键词：中国与世界经济英文版

Histologic evaluation of bone healing of adjacent alveolar sockets grafted with bovineand porcine-derived bone:a comparative case report in humans

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2017年第2期4卷 125-128页

作者： Renzo Guarnieri Patricia DeVilliers Maurizio Grande Luigi Vito Stefanelli Stefano Di Carlo Giorgio Pompa Adjunct professor Department of Dental and Maxillofacial SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity La SapienzaRomeItaly Adjunct assistant professor of Pathology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Private Dental Implant Practice RomaItaly assistant professor Department of Dental and Maxillofacial SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity La SapienzaRomeItaly professor director Department of Dental and Maxillofacial SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity La SapienzaRomeItaly.

To evaluate and compare histomorphometrically the bone response to two xenografts,one bovine and the other porcine,grafted in adjacent extraction sockets in a *** this case report,two adjacent maxillary premolars were extracted,and the sockets were filled with two different xenogeneic bone substitutes(first premolar with bovine bone,and second premolar with porcine bone)to counteract post-extraction volume *** 6 months bone core specimens were harvested during the placement of implants at the regenerated ***,for the bovine xenograft the percentage of newly formed bone(osteoid)was 26.85%,the percentage of the residual graft material was 17.2%and the percentage of connective tissue 48.73%,while for the porcine xenograft,newly formed bone(osteoid)represented 32.19%,residual graft material was 6.57%and non-mineralized connective tissue was 52.99%.Histological results indicated that both biomaterials assessed in this study as grafts for socket preservation technique are biocompatible and *** bone derived demonstrated to be less resorbable than porcine bone *** xenogenic biomaterials did not interfere with the normal bone reparative processes.

关键词： socket preservation bovine bone-derived porcine bone-derived histology

Financial Development,Economic Growth and Adaptive Efficiency:A Comparison between China and Pakistan

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China & World Economy 2008年第6期16卷 97-111页

作者： Ying Ma Abdul Jalil professor Centre for Economic Development Research Wuhan University Wuhan China assistant director Research Department State Bank ofPakistan Karachi Pakistan

The strong economic growth in China is difficult to reconcile with its inefficient financial system. The puzzle of China＇s financial development and growth can be explained through a dynamic criterion of adaptive efficiency, rather than through allocative efficiency. Using the framework of an autoregressive distributed lag model, the present paper tests the hypothesis that the GDP growth rate is dependent on financial development along with other variables in China and Pakistan. The hypothesis cannot be rejected in both cases. However, the results show that economic growth has a negative relationship with credit to the private sector in China. We conclude that financial development is a source of China＇s high growth rate and that the banking system is still under an evolutionary process, involving the pursuit of social objectives instead of the sole objective of profit maximization. Our results provide some implications for other developing countries like Pakistan.

关键词： adaptive efficiency financial development growth