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Role of intestinal ultrasound in ulcerative colitis: A systematic review

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2024年第3期12卷 42-67页

作者： Partha Pal Mohammad Abdul Mateen Kanapuram Pooja Nandhakumar Rajadurai Rajesh Gupta Manu Tandan Nageshwar Reddy Duvvuru Department of Medical gastroenterology Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabad 500082India Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Imaging Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabad 500082India

BACKGROUND Intestinal ultrasound(IUS)is an emerging,non-invasive,and highly sensitive diagnostic tool in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including ulcerative colitis(UC).Despite its potential,its adoption in clinical practice is limited due to a lack of standardization and *** To perform a comprehensive scoping review based on a systematic literature review on IUS in UC to inform current *** Ninety-nine original articles about ultrasonography in UC were identified among 7608 citations searching PubMed and EMBASE databases for systematic *** IUS can be useful as an initial diagnostic strategy in patients with suspected IBD/*** UC,IUS can predict endoscopic response,histologic healing,and steroid responsiveness in acute severe *** can predict response to biologics/small molecules(as early as 2 wk).IUS correlates well with ileocolonoscopy,but IUS could miss rectal,jejunal,and upper GI lesions in suspected IBD and colon polyps or extra-intestinal manifestations in known *** is useful in special situations(children,pregnancy,and postoperative Crohn's disease).Inter-observer agreement is acceptable and trained physicians have comparable diagnostic ***-of-care ultrasound impacted management in 40%-60%of ***-held IUS has excellent agreement with conventional *** IUS is a non-invasive,highly sensitive tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of UC,offering excellent patient ***-of-care ultrasound by IBD physicians can significantly impact clinical decision-making.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Intestinal ultrasound Inflammatory bowel disease Diagnosis Monitoring

Dietary Green Tea Extract and Antioxidants Improve Insulin Secretory Functions of Pancreatic β-Cells in Mild and Severe Experimental Rodent Model of Chronic Pancreatitis

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 53-72页

作者： Galande Sheethal Ranjeet K. Tokala Pavan Pondugala Krishna Vemula Vijayalakshmi Venkatesan Pothani Suresh Surya Satyanarayana Singh Guduru Venkat Rao Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy Mitnala Sasikala Basic Science and Translational Research Division Asian Healthcare Foundation AIG Hospitals Hyderabad India Division of Cell and Molecular Biology National institute of Nutrition Hyderabad India National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research Hyderabad India Department of Biochemistry Osmania University Hyderabad India Department of Surgical gastroenterology Asian Institute of Gastroenterology Hyderabad India Department of gastroenterology Asian Institute of Gastroenterology Hyderabad India

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive inflammatory disorder of the pancreas. It is predominantly idiopathic (with an unknown cause) in India and mostly due to alcohol in the West. Diabetes that occur secondary to chronic pancreatitis (T3c Diabetes) is often brittle, and is difficult to attain normoglycemia with conventional treatment requiring multiple doses of insulin. Mild and severe model of CP was induced in mice by repeated intraperitoneal injections of cerulein and L-arginine respectively with an intent to study islet dysfunction and develop therapeutic strategy in animal models of CP. Dietary intervention of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was tested in both the models of CP for its beneficial effects on insulin secretory functions. Pancreata collected upon euthanasia were used to study alterations in the morphology of pancreatic parenchyma and inflammation by staining with H&E and fibrotic changes by Masson’s trichrome and picrosirius staining. Insulin secretory functions of islets were evaluated to test the efficacy of the dietary intervention on β-cell functions. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed to monitor the glucose homeostasis before and after the dietary intervention. Both the models resulted in CP with dispersed acini, inflammation and fibrosis. The loss of acini and extent of fibrosis was more in L-arginine model. 2-fold improvement in glucose-stimulated insulin secretory functions of islets was observed with 0.5% EGCG dietary intervention in cerulein model of CP and 1.6-fold in L-arginine model of CP. A further improvement in insulin secretion by 3.2-fold was observed with additional dietary supplements like N-acetyl cysteine, curcumin in combination with EGCG. Our results thus demonstrate and highlight the therapeutic potential of dietary green tea (EGCG) supplementation in reversing islet dysfunction and improving glucose homeostasis in experimental chronic pancreatitis in mice.

关键词： Dietary Intervention C57BL6/J Mice Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate N-Acetyl Cysteine Curcumin Chronic Pancreatitis Islets Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion

Reinforcing the management of type 1 gastric esophageal varices

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第19期30卷 2615-2617页

作者： Zain Majid Ghazi Abrar Department of gastroenterology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 75500Pakistan

Variceal bleed represents an important complication of cirrhosis,with its presence reflecting the severity of liver *** varices,though less frequently seen than esophageal varices,present a distinct clinical challenge due to its higher intensity of bleeding and associated *** upon the Sarin classification,GOV1 is the most common subtype of gastric varices seen in clinical practice.

关键词： Gastric varices Sarin classification Gastroesophageal varices Cyanoacrylate Endoscopic variceal ligation Trans jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

TL1A Promotes Fibrogenesis in Colonic Fibroblasts via the TGF-β1/Smad3 Signaling Pathway

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Current Medical Science 2024年第3期44卷 519-528页

作者： Jia SONG Dong-lei SUN Chen-yang LI Yu-xin LUO Qian LIU Yue YAO Hong ZHANG Ting-ting YANG Mei SONG Xin-li BAI Xiao-lan ZHANG Department of gastroenterology The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityHebei Key Laboratory of GastroenterologyHebei Institute of GastroenterologyHebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive DiseasesShijiazhuang050000China Department of Pediatrics The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang050000China

Objective Intestinal fibrosis is a refractory complication of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Tumor necrosis factor ligand-related molecule-1A(TL1A)is important for IBD-related intestinal fibrosis in a dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced experimental colitis *** study aimed to explore the effects of TL1A on human colonic *** A trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)-induced experimental colitis model of LCK-CD2-TL1A-GFP transgenic(Tg)or wild-type(WT)mice was established to determine the effect and mechanism of TL1A on intestinal *** human colonic fibroblast CCD-18Co cell line was treated concurrently with TL1A and human peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC)*** proliferation and activation of CCD-18Co cells were detected by BrdU assays,flow cytometry,immunocytochemistry and Western *** metabolism was tested by Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).Results The level of collagen metabolism in the TNBS+ethyl alcohol(EtOH)/Tg group was greater than that in the TNBS+EtOH/WT *** growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)and p-Smad3 in the TNBS+EtOH/Tg group were upregulated as compared with those in the TNBS+EtOH/WT *** proliferation of CCD-18Co cells was promoted by the addition of human PBMC supernatant supplemented with 20 ng/mL TL1A,and the addition of human PBMC supernatant and TL1A increased CCD-18Co proliferation by 24.4%at 24 ***1A promoted cell activation and increased the levels of COL1A2,COL3A1,and TIMP-1 in CCD-18Co *** of CCD-18Co cells with TL1A increased the expression of TGF-β1 and *** TL1A promotes TGF-β1-mediated intestinal fibroblast activation,proliferation,and collagen deposition and is likely related to an increase in the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.

关键词： tumor necrosis factor ligand-related molecule-1A fibrosis inflammatory bowel disease myofibroblasts transforming growth factor-β1

Bridging the gap:Unveiling the crisis of physical inactivity in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1261-1265页

作者： Remus Stafie Ana-Maria Singeap Adrian Rotaru Carol Stanciu Anca Trifan Department of gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine“Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania institute of gastroenterology and Hepatology “St.Spiridon”University HospitalIasi 700111Romania

In this editorial we comment on the article titled“Inflammatory bowel diseases patients suffer from significant low levels and barriers to physical activity:The BE-FIT-IBD study”published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroen-terology 2023;29(41):*** bowel diseases(IBD)are emerging as a significant global health concern as their incidence continues to rise on a global scale,with detrimental impacts on quality of *** many advances have been made regarding the management of the disease,physical inactivity in these patients represents an underexplored issue that may hold the key for further and better understanding the ramifications of *** pain,fatigue,and fear of exacerbating symptoms promotes physical inactivity among IBD patients,while the lack of clear guidelines on safe exercise regimens contributes to a norm of physical *** activity(PA)is accepted to have a positive effect on disease outcomes and quality of life,while inactivity exacerbates comorbidities like cardiovascular disease and mental health ***“BE-FIT-IBD”study,focusing on PA levels and barriers in IBD patients of Southern Italy,revealed that a significant proportion(42.9%)were physically *** lack of PA is attributed to barriers such as fear of flare-ups and misconceptions about exercise exacerbating the *** study also highlighted the need for better communication between healthcare providers and patients regarding the benefits of PA and safe incorporation into ***,physical inactivity may also contribute to disability in IBD patients,having a great impact on employment *** note is the fact that IBD also comes with an important psychological burden with relevant evidence suggesting that regular PA can improve mood,reduce anxiety,and enhance mental ***“BE-FIT-IBD”study advocated for the integration of PA into IBD management,emphasizing the bidirectional link between PA and *** exe

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Physical activity Disability Psychological burden Body composition Quality of life

Chronic hepatitis B:Prevent,diagnose,and treat before the point of no return

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第10期16卷 1151-1157页

作者： Sudheer Marrapu Ramesh Kumar Department of gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India

Hepatitis B remains a significant global health challenge,contributing to substantial morbidity and *** 254 million people world-wide live with Chronic hepatitis B(CHB),with the majority of cases occurring in sub-Saharan Africa and the Western Pacific ***,only about 13.4%of the individuals infected with this disease have been diagnosed,and awareness of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection status is as low as 1%in sub-Saharan *** 2022,CHB led to 1.1 million deaths *** World Health Organization(WHO)has set a target of eliminating hepatitis B as a public health concern by 2030;however,this goal appears increasingly unattainable due to multiple *** challenges include low vaccination coverage;a large number of undiagnosed cases;a low proportion of patients eligible for treatment under current guidelines;limited access to healthcare;and the costs associated with lifelong *** of HBV can yield significant clinical benefits within a long window of ***,the benefits of therapy are markedly diminished when the disease is detected at the advanced cirrhosis *** editorial aim to highlight the current challenges in hepatitis care and the necessary steps to achieve the WHO's hepatitis elimination goals for 2030.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus Cirrhosis Decompensation Hepato-cellular carcinoma

The outcomes and safety of patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography combining a single-use cholangioscope and a single-use duodenoscope:A multicenter retrospective international study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 71-76页

作者： Alessandro Fugazza Matteo Colombo Michel Kahaleh V.Raman Muthusamy Bick Benjamin Wim Laleman Carmelo Barbera Carlo Fabbri Jose Nieto Abed Al-Lehibi Mohan Ramchandani Amy Tyberg Haroon Shahid Avik Sarkar Dean Ehrlich Stuart Shermand Cecilia Binda Marco Spadaccini Andrea Iannone Kareem Khalaf Nageshwar Reddy Andrea Anderloni Alessandro Repici Division of gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSVia Manzoni 5620089RozzanoMilanoItaly gastroenterology Rutgers Robert Wood JohnsonNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases University of CaliforniaLos Angeles School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Division of Digestive and Liver Disorders Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospitals LeuvenKU Leuven3000 LeuvenBelgium U.O.C.di Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva Ospedale Giuseppe MazziniASL TeramoItaly gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit Forlì-Cesena HospitalsAUSL RomagnaForlì-CesenaItaly Borland Groover Clinic JacksonvilleFloridaUSA Department of gastroenterology and Hepatology King Fahad Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia asian institute of gastroenterology HyderabadIndia Section of gastroenterology Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of BariBari 70124Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityVia Rita Levi Montalcini 420090Pieve EmanueleMilanItaly

Background: Duodenoscope-related multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO) infections raise concerns. Disposable duodenoscopes have been recently introduced in the market and approved by regulatory agencies with the aim to reduce the risk of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) associated infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of procedures performed with single-use duodenoscopes in patients with clinical indications to single-operator cholangiopancreatoscopy. Methods: This is a multicenter international, retrospective study combining all patients who underwent complex biliopancreatic interventions using the combination of a single-use duodenoscope and a single-use cholangioscope. The primary outcome was technical success defined as ERCP completion for the intended clinical indication. Secondary outcomes were procedural duration, rate of cross-over to reusable duodenoscope, operator-reported satisfaction score(1 to 10) on performance rating of the single-use duodenoscope, and adverse event(AE) rate. Results: A total of 66 patients(26, 39.4% female) were included in the study. ERCP was categorized according to ASGE ERCP grading system as 47(71.2%) grade 3 and 19(28.8%) grade 4. The technical success rate was 98.5%(65/66). Procedural duration was 64(interquartile range 15-189) min, cross-over rate to reusable duodenoscope was 1/66(1.5%). The satisfaction score of the single-use duodenoscope classified by the operators was 8.6 ± 1.3 points. Four patients(6.1%) experienced AEs not directly related to the single-use duodenoscope, namely 2 post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP), 1 cholangitis and 1 ***: Single-use duodenoscope is effective, reliable and safe even in technically challenging procedures with a non-inferiority to reusable duodenoscope, making these devices a viable alternative to standard reusable equipment.

关键词： Single-operator cholangioscopy Single-use duodenoscope Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Indeterminate biliary stricture Difficult biliary stones

Corrigendum to ‘A novel STK11 gene mutation (c.388dupG,***130Glyfs∗33) in a Peutz-Jeghers family and evidence of higher gastric cancer susceptibility associated with alterations in STK11 region aa 107–170’ [Gene Dis (9) (2022) 288–291]

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 1082-1083页

作者： Giovanna Forte Filomena Cariola Katia De Marco Andrea Manghisi Filomena Anna Guglielmi Raffaele Armentano Giuseppe Lippolis Pietro Giorgio Cristiano Simone Vittoria Disciglio Medical Genetics National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital Castellana Grotte Bari 70013 Italy Histopathology Unit National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital Castellana Grotte Bari 70013 Italy Department of General Surgery National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital Castellana Grotte Bari 70013 Italy gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital Castellana Grotte Bari 70013 Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO) Medical Genetics University of Bari Aldo Moro Piazza Umberto I Bari 70124 Italy

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes:Emerging evidence of benefit of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors agonists and incretin-based therapies

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第2期14卷 38-50页

作者： Subhodip Pramanik Partha Pal Sayantan Ray Department of Endocrinology Neotia Getwel Multispecialty HospitalSiliguri 734010West BengalIndia Department of Medical gastroenterology Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabad 500082India Department of Endocrinology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswarBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a global epidemic,affecting more than half of the people living with type 2 diabetes(T2D).The relationship between NAFLD and T2D is bidirectional and the presence of one perpetuates the other,which significantly increases the hepatic as well as extrahepatic *** recently,there was no approved pharmacological treatment for NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitits(NASH).However,there is evidence that drugs used for diabetes may have beneficial effects on *** sensitizers acting through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)modulation act on multiple levels of NAFLD ***(PPARγ agonist)and saroglitazar(PPARα/γagonist)are particularly beneficial and recommended by several authoritative bodies for treating NAFLD in T2D,although data on biopsyproven NASH are lacking with the *** data on elafibanor(PPARα/δ agonist)and Lanifibranor(pan PPAR agonist)are *** the other hand,incretin therapies based on glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)receptor agonists(GLP-1RA)and dual-and triple-hormone receptor co-agonists reported impressive weight loss and may have anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic ***-1 RAs have shown beneficial effects on NAFLD/NASH and more studies on potential direct effects on liver function by dual-and triple-agonists are ***,the long-term safety of these therapies in NAFLD needs to be *** efforts among healthcare providers such as primary care doctors,hepatologists,and endocrinologists are warranted for selecting patients for the best possible management of NAFLD in T2D.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Type 2 diabetes Evidence PPAR agonists Incretin-based therapies