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Experimental Study for Effect of Multi-Site Spark Ignition on dedicated Hybrid Engine Performance under High dilution Condition

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 254-267页

作者： YAN Bowen WATErS Benjamin HAINES Andrew MCGHEE Mike HU Tiegang dENG Wei PU Yongxian MA Tianyu Powertrain Engineering r&d center Chongqing Changan Automobile Co.Ltd.Chongqing 400000China Changan UK r&d Centre Limited Birmingham B377YGUnited Kingdom

In this study,a triple spark ignition scheme was first designed on a three-cylinder 1.5-L dedicated hybrid engine(dHE).On this basis,the effect of different ignition modes on engine combustion and emission characteristics was studied,especially under high dilution *** results tested at 2000 r/min and 0.8 MPa BMEP(brake mean effective pressure)show that with highly increased in-cylinder flow intensity,using only passive prechamber(PPC)has a lower lean limit than that with single central spark plug(CSP),thereby leading to slightly higher minimum fuel consumption and nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))*** side spark plugs(SSP)based on PPC can result in improved capability of lean limit extension and engine performance than ***,the improvement level is lower than that with triple spark plugs(TSP).As the excess air ratio λ increases,the advantage of PPC and PPC with SSP in improving the combustion phasing compared with CSP gradually ***,the increasing tendency of their ignition delay and combustion duration is more *** added SSP based on PPC can effectively shorten the ignition delay of leaner mixture,but the combustion duration can be only slightly *** a result,under extremely lean condition,the advantage of PPC and PPC with SSP in terms of combustion characteristics over CSP becomes much *** contrast,the TSP ignition can achieve much shorter ignition delay and combustion duration simultaneously under this *** to the highest available dilution level,the TSP ignition achieves the lowest raw NO_(x)***,it can also reduce the raw carbon monoxide(CO)and hydrocarbons(HC)emissions compared to CSP due to a more thorough combustion of the end gas *** on the excellent performance of TSP,the highest engine brake thermal efficiency(BTE)was further *** results show that with normal rON 92 fuel,the engine finally achieved 43.69% and 45.02% BTE under stochiometric mode with exhaus

关键词： dedicated hybrid engine triple spark plug scheme passive prechamber high dilution condition thermal efficiency NO_(x)emissions

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High-throughput screening and evaluation of double-linker metal–organic frameworks for CO_(2)/H_(2)adsorption and separation

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第2期34卷 408-417页

作者： Ji-Long Huang Xiu-Ying Liu Hao Chen Xiao-dong Li Jing-Xin Yu School of Physics Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China r&d center for Advanced Energy Materials Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China

The capture of CO_(2)from CO_(2)/H_(2)gas mixtures in syngas is a crucial issue for hydrogen production from steam methane reforming in industry,as the presence of CO_(2)directly affects the purity of H_(2).A combination of a high-throughput screening method and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation was utilized to evaluate and screen 1725 metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)in detail as a means of determining their adsorption performance for CO_(2)/H_(2)gas *** adsorption and separation performance of double-linker MOFs was comprehensively evaluated using eight evaluation indicators,namely,the largest cavity diameter,accessible surface area,pore occupied accessible volume,porosity,adsorption selectivity,working capacity,adsorbent performance score and percent *** optimal performance frameworks were screened to further study their single-component adsorption and binary competitive adsorption of CO_(2)/H_(2)*** CO_(2)adsorption selectivity at different CO_(2)/H_(2)feed ratios was also evaluated,which indicated their excellent adsorption and separation *** microscopic adsorption mechanisms for CO_(2)and H_(2)at the molecular level were investigated by analyzing the radial distribution function and density *** study may provide directional guidance and reference for subsequent experiments on the adsorption and separation of CO_(2)/H_(2).

关键词： metal–organic framework adsorption separation high-throughput screening grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation

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No-go guide for the Hubble tension:Late-time or local-scale new physics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 73-85页

作者： Lu Huang Shao-Jiang Wang Wang-Wei Yu CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing100190China asia Pacific center for Theoretical Physics(APCTP) Pohang37673Korea Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik(Albert-Einstein-Institut) HannoverD-30167Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover30167Germany

The standard model of modern cosmology might be cracked by the recent persistent hot debate on the Hubble-constant(H_(0))tension,which manifests itself as the sound-horizon(r_(s))tension or absolute-magnitude(M_(B))tension if deeming the origin of the Hubble tension from modifying the early or late Universe,*** this study,we achieve a fully model-independent constraint(fitting a model-independent global parameterization to a model-independent inverse distant ladder with a modelindependent high-redshift calibration)on late-time models with strong evidence against homogeneous new physics over theΛ-cold-dark-matter(ΛCdM)*** using this model-independent constraint to calibrate sufficiently local supernovae with corresponding late-time models extrapolated below the homogeneity scale,we find surprisingly that,although both H_(0)tension and MB tension are absent in our local Universe,a combination of H_(0)and M_(B)as the intercept a B of the magnitude-redshift relation exhibits 3~7σtension even for theΛCdM *** aBtension seems to call for local-scale inhomogeneous new physics disguised as local observational systematics.

关键词： Hubble constant inverse distance ladder local Universe

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relay Observation Scheduling of Global distributed Telescope Array Based on Integer Programming

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第1期25卷 211-227页

作者： Junhan Ju Ce Yu Yi Hu Yajie Zhang Chao Sun Jizeng Wei College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin University Technical r&d Innovation center National Astronomical Data Center National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences

Certain transients require regular observations over several days at intervals of hours or shorter,which cannot be accomplished by telescopes at a single *** deployment of globally distributed telescopes at geographic locations of different longitudes enables the periodic monitoring of transients through relay ***,the simultaneous relay observation of numerous targets requires a telescope array of multiple telescopes that can be efficiently coordinated,and an automated scheduler for the *** paper proposes IPrOS,an integer programming model relay observation scheduler for a telescope array,that accounts for the entire process of relay observation and is consistent with the practical *** introduce the integer programming mathematical model for the relay observation scheduling problem with the telescope array,upon which the scheduler is ***,we propose an algorithm to provide a comprehensive formulation of the optimization objective of minimizing cadence deviation in the *** results demonstrate that the relay observation scheduler based on the integer programming model can effectively address the telescope array relay observation *** shows superiority over a scheduler with non-specific consideration of relay observation in the modeling and a scheduler based on greedy thought.

关键词： methods: data analysis surveys techniques: miscellaneous telescopes

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Optimizing canopy-spacing configuration increases soybean yield under high planting density

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Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 233-245页

作者： Li, ruidong Xu, Cailong Wu, Zongsheng Xu, Yifan Sun, Shi Song, Wenwen Wu, Cunxiang Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National soybean Industrial Technology R & D Center Beijing 100081 China

dense cropping increases crop yield but intensifies resource competition, which reduces single plant yield and limits potential yield growth. Optimizing canopy spacing could enhance resource utilization, support crop morphological development and increase yield. Here, a three-year study was performed to verify the feasibility of adjusting row spacing to further enhance yield in densely planted soybeans. Of three row-spacing configurations (40–40, 20–40, and 20–60 cm) and two planting densities (normal 180,000 plants ha−1 and high 270,000 plants ha−1). The differences in canopy structure, plant morphological development, photosynthetic capacity and their impact on yield were analyzed. row spacing configurations have a significant effect on canopy transmittance (CT). The 20–60 cm row spacing configuration increased CT and creates a favorable canopy light environment, in which plant height is reduced, while branching is promoted. This approach reduces plant competition, optimizes the developments of leaf area per plant, specific leaf area, leaf area development rate, leaf area duration and photosynthetic physiological indices (Fv/Fm, ETr, Pn). The significant increase of 11.9%–34.2% in canopy apparent photosynthesis (CAP) is attributed to the significant optimization of plant growth and photosynthetic physiology through CT, an important contributing factor to yield increases. The yield in the 20–60 cm treatment is 4.0% higher than in equidistant planting under normal planting density, but 5.9% under high density, primarily driven by CAP and pod number. These findings suggest that suitable row spacing configurations optimize the light environment for plants, promote source-sink transformation in soybeans, and further improve yield. In practice, a 20–60 cm row spacing configuration could be employed for high-density soybean planting to achieve a more substantial yield gain. © 2024 Crop Science Society of China and In

关键词： Canopy transmittance Planting density row-spacing configuration Soybean Yield

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New insight into the origin and evolution of the flora and fauna of Hainan Island,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 52-61页

作者： Hua ZHU center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYunnan International Joint Laboratory of Southeast Asia Biodiversity ConservationYunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian ElephantsMengla666303China

The origin of the biota of Hainan Island,China,remains a fundamental scientific *** studies on the biota,geological tectonics,and paleomagnetism proposed that during the Eocene,Hainan Island connected Vietnam and Guangxi,and then moved to the southeast to reach its present *** review mainly discusses its biota origin from molecular phylogeny and palaeobotanical *** formation and evolution of the biological groups of Hainan Island were identified via research on their genomes,phylogeny,and molecular *** research showed that the genera and species that appeared and diverged early in their evolution(i.e.,before the Miocene)can be explained by the land connection between Hainan Island,Vietnam,and Guangxi during the *** to Southeast asian tectonic theory,in the Middle Miocene(at about 15 million years ago),Hainan Island had moved to its present *** population and genetic divergence of species with late divergence times(after 15 Ma)can be reasonably explained by the close proximity(or land connection)between Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula,enabling genetic communication between Hainan Island and the Chinese mainland,but have exceptional *** have been obtained through palaeobotanical studies,showing that in the Eocene-Oligocene period,southwest China and Hainan Island had subtropical vegetation and ***,the fossil group in southeast China(in Maoming,near present-day Hainan Island)in the Late Eocene indicated a tropical rainforest vegetation and *** suggests that in the Paleogene,Hainan Island may have been located near or on the southwest border of Guangxi and northern Vietnam,rather than in its present *** floristic division of the flora of Hainan Island basically presents a northeast-southwest inclined distribution *** pattern can be explained by the counterclockwise rotation of Hainan Island during its movement to the southeast as prop

关键词： Molecular phylogeny Biogeography Paleobotany Origin of flora and fauna Hainan Island of China

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Integrating well logs, 3d seismic, and earthquake data for comprehensive prediction of 3d in-situ stress orientations: A case study from the Weiyuan area in the Sichuan Basin, China

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Petroleum Science 2025年第1期22卷 210-221页

作者： Huan Cao Yang Zhao Hai-Chao Chen Le-Le Zhang Cheng-Gang Xian Ji-dong Yang Lu Liu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum resources and Engineering and Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute China University of Petroleum (Beijing) department of Geophysics China University of Petroleum (East China) Aramco Beijing research center Aramco Asia

determining the orientation of in-situ stresses is crucial for various geoscience and engineering applications. Conventional methods for estimating these stress orientations often depend on focal mechanism solutions(FMSs) derived from earthquake data and formation micro-imager(FMI) data from well ***, these techniques can be costly, depth-inaccurate, and may lack spatial coverage. To address this issue, we introduce the use of three-dimensional(3d) seismic data(active sources) as a lateral constraint to approximate the 3d stress orientation field. recognizing that both stress and fracture patterns are closely related to seismic velocity anisotropy, we derive the orientation of azimuthal anisotropy from multi-azimuth 3d seismic data to compensate for the lack of spatial stress orientation information. We apply our proposed workflow to a case study in the Weiyuan area of the Sichuan Basin, China, a region targeted for shale gas production. By integrating diverse datasets, including 3d seismic, earthquakes, and well logs, we develop a comprehensive 3d model of in-situ stress(orientations and magnitudes). Our results demonstrate that the estimated anisotropy orientations from 3d seismic data are consistent with the direction of maximum horizontal principal stress(SHmax) obtained from FMIs. We analyzed 12earthquakes(magnitude > 3) recorded between 2016 and 2020 for their FMSs and compressional axis(Paxis) orientations. The derived SHmax direction from our 3d stress model is 110°ES(East-South), which shows excellent agreement with the FMSs(within 3.96°). This close alignment validates the reliability and precision of our integrated method for predicting 3d SHmax orientations.

关键词： In-situ stress orientation SHmax Azimuthal velocity anisotropy Focal source mechanism Formation micro-imager

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Ultralow-Vertical-Current Magnetization Switching Effect in an All Van der Waals 2d Heterostructure

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Chinese Physics Letters 2025年第2期42卷 239-248页

作者： Hao Wu Li Yang Gaojie Zhang Wen Jin Jie Yu Bichen Xiao Ahmed Annas Wenfeng Zhang Haixin Chang center for Joining and Electronic Packaging State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mold TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Wuhan National High Magnetic Field center and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Shenzhen r&d center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518000China

The manipulation of magnetization and spin polarization using electrical currents represents a fundamental breakthrough in *** has formed the foundation for data storage and next-generation computing ***-transfer torque(STT)and spin-orbit torque(SOT)have emerged as prominent mechanisms in current-driven magnetization ***,these approaches typically require critical current densities in the range of 10^(6) to 10^(9) A·cm^(-2),resulting in significant heat generation during data writing ***,we report the discovery of an ultralow-vertical-current magnetization switching effect in a van der Waals ferromagnetic/ferroelectric heterostructure based on the modulation of the critical magnetic field(H_(C))using small vertical currents,with a critical current density as low as 1.81A·cm^(-2) and an average effective field(H_(eff)/J_(C))as high as 150.3mT·A^(-1)·cm^(2).This unique magnetization switching effect with ultralow-critical-vertical-current densities typically six to nine orders of magnitude lower than those of the STT and SOT provides a new transformative and viable pathway for developing next-generation spintronic and quantum technologies.

关键词： magnetization critical typically

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Study on the Fluid-Solid Coupling Seepage of the deep Tight reservoir Based on 3d digital Core Modeling

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Energy Engineering 2025年第2期122卷 537-560页

作者： Haijun Yang Zhenzhong Cai Hui Zhang Chong Sun Jing Li Xiaoyu Meng Chen Liu Chengqiang Yang PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company Korla841000China CNPC r&d center for Ultra-deep Complex reservoir Exploration and development Korla841000China National Key Laboratory of deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China Structure and Shipping department Offshore Oil Engineering(Qingdao)Co.Ltd.Qingdao266520China

deep tight reservoirs exhibit complex stress and seepage fields due to varying pore structures,thus the seepage characteristics are significant for enhancing oil *** study conducted triaxial compression and permeability tests to investigate the mechanical and seepage properties of tight sandstone.A digital core of tight sandstone was built using Computed Tomography(CT)scanning,which was divided into matrix and pore phases by a pore equivalent diameter threshold.A fluid-solid coupling model was established to investigate the seepage characteristics at *** results showed that increasing the confining pressure decreased porosity,permeability,and flow velocity,with the pore phase becoming the dominant seepage *** and large pores closed first under increasing pressure,resulted in a steep drop in ***,permeability slightly decreased under high confining pressure,which followed a first-order exponential *** velocity increased with seepage *** the damage mainly occurred in stress-concentration regions under low seepage *** behavior followed linear darcy flow,the damage emerged at seepage entrances under high pressure,which decreased rock elastic modulus and significantly increased permeability.

关键词： digital core fluid-solid coupling pore structure microscopic seepage

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Constructing donor–Acceptor‑Linked COFs Electrolytes to regulate Electron density and Accelerate the Li^(+)Migration in Quasi‑Solid‑State Battery

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 456-471页

作者： Genfu Zhao Hang Ma Conghui Zhang Yongxin Yang Shuyuan Yu Haiye Zhu Yongjiang Sun Hong Guo School of Materials and Energy International Joint Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials of Yunnan ProvinceYunnan UniversityKunming 650091People’s Republic of China Yunnan Yuntianhua Co. LtdR&D CenterKunming 650228People’s Republic of China Southwest United Graduate School Kunming 650091People’s Republic of China

regulation the electronic density of solid-state electrolyte by donor–acceptor(d–A)system can achieve highly-selective Li^(+)transportation and conduction in solid-state Li metal *** study reports a high-performance solid-state electrolyte thorough d–A-linked covalent organic frameworks(COFs)based on intramolecular charge transfer *** other reported COFbased solid-state electrolyte,the developed concept with d–A-linked COFs not only achieves electronic modulation to promote highly-selective Li^(+)migration and inhibit Li dendrite,but also offers a crucial opportunity to understand the role of electronic density in solid-state Li metal *** introduced strong electronegativity F-based ligand in COF electrolyte results in highlyselective Li^(+)(transference number 0.83),high ionic conductivity(6.7×10^(-4)S cm^(−1)),excellent cyclic ability(1000 h)in Li metal symmetric cell and high-capacity retention in Li/LiFePO_(4)cell(90.8%for 300 cycles at 5C)than substituted C-and N-based *** is ascribed to outstanding d–A interaction between donor porphyrin and acceptor F atoms,which effectively expedites electron transferring from porphyrin to F-based ligand and enhances Li^(+)***,we anticipate that this work creates insight into the strategy for accelerating Li^(+)conduction in high-performance solid-state Li metal batteries through d–A system.

关键词： Electronic modulation engineering donor-acceptor-linked covalent organic frameworks Quasi-solid-state Li metal battery

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