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Effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on cytokines in adolescents with subthreshold depression:a randomized controlled study

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第9期19卷 2036-2040页

作者： Xiaoyue Li Tao Liu Xuan Mo Runhua Wang Xueyan Kong Robin Shao Roger S.Mclntyre Kwok-Fai So Kangguang Lin Department of Affective Disorders The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital)GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit Poul Hansen Family Centre for DepressionUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Department of Psychiatry University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation TorontoCanada Ministry of Education Joint International research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation institute University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Strong evidence has accumulated to show a correlation between depression symptoms and inflammatory responses.Moreover,anti-inflammatory treatment has shown partial effectiveness in alleviating depression symptoms.Lycium barbarum polysaccharide(LBP),derived from Goji berries,exhibits notable antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.In our recent double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial,we found that LBP significantly reduced depressive symptoms in adolescents with subthreshold depression.It is presumed that the antidepressant effect of LBP may be associated with its influence on inflammatory cytokines.In the double-blinded randomized controlled trial,we enrolled 29 adolescents with subthreshold depression and randomly divided them into an LBP group and a placebo group.In the LBP group,adolescents were given 300 mg/d LBP.A 6-week follow up was completed by 24 adolescents,comprising 14 adolescents from the LBP group(15.36±2.06 years,3 men and 11 women)and 10 adolescents from the placebo group(14.9±1.6 years,2 men and 8 women).Our results showed that after 6 weeks of treatment,the interleukin-17A level in the LBP group was lower than that in the placebo group.Network analysis showed that LBP reduced the correlations and connectivity between inflammatory factors,which were associated with the improvement in depressive symptoms.These findings suggest that 6-week administration of LBP suppresses the immune response by reducing interleukin-17A level,thereby exerting an antidepressant effect.

关键词： adolescents cytokines efficacy Goji berry inflammatory responses interleukin-17A Lycium barbarum polysaccharide randomized controlled study subthreshold depression

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Identific tion of quantitative trait loci and associated candidate genes for pregnancy success in Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 162-170页

作者： Quinn A.Hoorn Gabriel A.Zayas Eduardo E.Rodriguez Laura M.Jensen Raluca G.Mateescu Peter J.hansen Department of Animal Sciences Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Programand the Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3083Australia

Background In beef cattle, more than 50% of the energy input to produce a unit of beef is consumed by the female that produced the calf. Development of genomic tools to identify females with high genetic merit for reproductive function could increase the profitability and sustainability of beef production.Results Genome-wide association studies(GWAS) were performed using a single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction approach on pregnancy outcome traits from a population of Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers. Furthermore, a validation GWAS was performed using data from another farm. Heifers were genotyped with the Bovine GGP F250 array that contains 221,077 SNPs. In the discovery population, heifers were bred in winter breeding seasons involving a single round of timed artificial insemination(AI) followed by natural mating for 3 months. Two phenotypes were analyzed: pregnancy outcome to first-service AI(PAI;n = 1,481) and pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season(PEBS;n = 1,725). The heritability was estimated as 0.149 and 0.122 for PAI and PEBS, respectively. In the PAI model, one quantitative trait locus(QTL), located between 52.3 and 52.5 Mb on BTA7, explained about 3% of the genetic variation, in a region containing a cluster of γ-protocadherin genes and SLC25A2. Other QTLs explaining between 0.5% and 1% of the genetic variation were found on BTA12 and 25. In the PEBS model, a large QTL on BTA7 was synonymous with the QTL for PAI, with minor QTLs located on BTA5, 9, 10, 11, 19, and 20. The validation population for pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season were Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers bred by natural mating. In concordance with the discovery population, the large QTL on BTA7 and QTLs on BTA10 and 12 were identified.Conclusions In summary, QTLs and candidate SNPs identified were associated with pregnancy outcomes in beef heifers, including a large QTL associated with a group of protocadherin genes. Confirmation of these associations with larger populations could lead to the develo

关键词： Beef cattle Fertility GWAS QTL

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Malaria epidemiology and stratification of incidence in the malaria elimination setting in Harari Region,Eastern Ethiopia

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第6期9卷 102-103页

作者： Endashaw Esayas Asefa Tufa Fekadu Massebo Abdulhamid Ahemed Ibssa Ibrahim Dereje Dillu Eyuel Asemahegn Bogale Solomon Yared Kebede Deribe 不详 Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases research Directorate Armauer Hansen Research InstituteAddis AbabaEthiopia

Background: Ethiopia has shown notable progress in reducing the burden of malaria over the past two decades.Because of this progress,the country has shifted efforts from control to elimination of malaria.This study was conducted to analyse the malaria epidemiology and stratification of incidence in the malaria elimination setting in eastern Ethiopia.Methods:: A retrospective study was conducted to analyse the epidemiology of malaria by reviewing the district health office data from 2013 to 2019 in Harari Region.In addition,three years of sub-district level malaria data were used to stratify the malaria transmission intensity.Malaria interventions(Long-lasting insecticidal nets[LLIN]and indoor residual spraying[IRS])employed were reviewed to analyse the intervention coverage at the Regional level.Descriptive statistics were used to show the malaria transmission in terms of years,season and species of the malaria parasite.Incidence rate per 1000 population and death rate per 1000000 population at risk were computed using the total population of each year.Results: In the Harari Region,malaria incidence showed a more pronounced declining trend from 2017 to 2019.Plasmodium falciparum,P.vivax and mixed infections accounted for 69.2%,30.6%and 0.2%of the cases,respectively.There was an increment in malaria intervention coverage and improved malaria diagnosis.In the year 2019 the coverage of LLIN and IRS in the Region were 93.4%and 85.1%respectively.The annual malaria incidence rate dropped from 42.9 cases per 1000 population in 2013 to 6.7 cases per 1000 population in 2019.Malaria-related deaths decreased from 4.7 deaths per 1000000 people annually in 2013 to zero,and there have been no deaths reported since 2015.The malaria risk appears to be heterogeneous and varies between districts.A higher number of malaria cases were recorded in Erer and Jenella districts,which constitute 62%of the cases in the Region.According to the sub-district level malaria stratification,there was shrinkage in the malaria transmission map and

关键词： Malaria elimination Epidemiology Incidence Harari region Ethiopia Interventions Sub-district Stratification

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Transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation identifies regulators of osteoclast activity

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Bone research 2024年第1期12卷 180-198页

作者： Morten S.hansen Kaja Madsen Maria Price Kent Søe Yasunori Omata Mario M.Zaiss Caroline M.Gorvin Morten Frost Alexander Rauch Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory(KMEB) Department of EndocrinologyOdense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of Clinical research Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Clinical Cell Biology Pathology Research UnitDepartment of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark institute of Metabolism and Systems research(IMSR)and Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism(CEDAM)University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors(COMPARE) Universities of Birmingham and NottinghamBirmingham B152TTUK Department of Molecular Medicine University of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of Orthopedic Surgery Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan Department of Internal Medicine 3 Rheumatology and ImmunologyFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie(DZI) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Steno Diabetes Center Odense Odense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark

Enhanced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity contribute to the development of osteoporosis,which is characterized by increased bone resorption and inadequate bone formation.As novel antiosteoporotic therapeutics are needed,understanding the genetic regulation of human osteoclastogenesis could help identify potential treatment targets.This study aimed to provide an overview of transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation.Osteoclasts were differentiated from CD14+monocytes from eight female donors.RNA sequencing during differentiation revealed 8980 differentially expressed genes grouped into eight temporal patterns conserved across donors.These patterns revealed distinct molecular functions associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis susceptibility genes based on RNA from iliac crest biopsies and bone mineral density SNPs.Network analyses revealed mutual dependencies between temporal expression patterns and provided insight into subtype-specific transcriptional networks.The donor-specific expression patterns revealed genes at the monocyte stage,such as filamin B(FLNB)and oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1(OLR1,encoding LOX-1),that are predictive of the resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts.The expression of differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors was strong during osteoclast differentiation,and these receptors are associated with bone mineral density SNPs,suggesting that they play a pivotal role in osteoclast differentiation and activity.The regulatory effects of three differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors were exemplified by in vitro pharmacological modulation of complement 5 A receptor 1(C5AR1),somatostatin receptor 2(SSTR2),and free fatty acid receptor 4(FFAR4/GPR120).Activating C5AR1 enhanced osteoclast formation,while activating SSTR2 decreased the resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts,and activating FFAR4 decreased both the number and resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts.In conclusion,we report the occurrence of transcriptional

关键词： osteoclast programming identif

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Characterization and determinant factors of critical illness and in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cohort of 1,792 patients in Kenya

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Biosafety and Health 2022年第5期4卷 330-338页

作者： Isinta M Elijah Endawoke Amsalu Xuening Jian Mingyang Cao Eric K Mibei Danvas O Kerosi Francis G Mwatsahu Wei Wang Faith Onyangore Youxin Wang Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China armauer hansen research institute Ministry of HealthAddis Ababa 1005Ethiopia University of Kabianga School of Health SciencesKericho 2030-20200Kenya Medical Genetics Laboratory School of Life ScienceCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Environmental Health and Disease Control School of Public HealthJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyNairobi 62000–00200Kenya Centre for Precision Medicine Edith Cowan UniversityPerth WA 6027Australia

Limited data is available on the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),critical illness rate,and in-hospital mortality in the African setting.This study investigates determinants of critical illness and in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients in Kenya.We conducted a retrospective cohort study at Kenyatta National Hospital(KNH)in Kenya.Multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard regression were employed to determine predictor factors for intensive care unit(ICU)admission and in-hospital mortality,respectively.In addition,the Kaplan-Meier model was used to compare the survival times using log-rank tests.As a result,346(19.3%)COVID-19 patients were admitted to ICU,and 271(15.1%)died.The majority of those admitted to the hospital were male,1,137(63.4%)and asymptomatic,1,357(75.7%).The most prevalent clinical features were shortness of breath,fever,and dry cough.In addition,older age,male,health status,patient on oxygen(O2),oxygen saturation levels(SPO2),headache,dry cough,comorbidities,obesity,cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),diabetes,chronic lung disease(CLD),and malignancy/cancer can predicate the risk of ICU admission,with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC-ROC)of 0.90(95%confidence interval[CI]:0.88–0.92).Survival analysis indicated 271(15.1%)patients died and identified older age,male,headache,shortness of breath,health status,patient on oxygen,SPO2,headache,comorbidity,CVDs,diabetes,CLD,malignancy/cancer,and smoking as risk factors for mortality(AUC-ROC:0.90,95%CI:0.89–0.91).This is the first attempt to explore predictors for ICU admission and hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients in Kenya.

关键词： Comorbidities Critical illness ICU COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2

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Alcohol solvent effect on the self-assembly behaviors of lignin oligomers

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第4期9卷 597-603页

作者： Ya Ma Zhicheng Jiang Yafei Luo Xingjie Guo Xudong Liu Yiping Luo Bi Shi College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China National Engineering research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Pharmacy(International Academy of Targeted Therapeutics and Innovation) Chongqing University of Arts and SciencesChongqing402160China State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource Hunan Academy of ForestryChangsha410004China CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China

The interactions between lignin oligomers and solvents determine the behaviors of lignin oligomers self-assembling into uniform lignin nanoparticles(LNPs).Herein,several alcohol solvents,which readily interact with the lignin oligomers,were adopted to study their effects during solvent shifting process for LNPs’production.The lignin oligomers with widely distributed molecular weight and abundant guaiacyl units were extracted from wood waste(mainly consists of pine wood),exerting outstanding self-assembly capability.Uniform and spherical LNPs were generated in H_(2)O-n-propanol cosolvent,whereas irregular LNPs were obtained in H_(2)O-methanol cosolvent.The unsatisfactory self-assembly performance of the lignin oligomers in H_(2)O-methanol cosolvent could be attributed to two aspects.On one hand,for the initial dissolution state,the distinguishing hansen solubility parameter and polarity between methanol solvent and lignin oligomers resulted in the poor dispersion of the lignin oligomers.On the other hand,strong hydrogen bonds between methanol solvent and lignin oligomers during solvent shifting process,hindered the interactions among the lignin oligomers for self-assembly.

关键词： Lignin oligomers Alcohol solvent Self-assembly LNPs Solvent effects

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On the geometry of the anti-canonical bundle of the Bott-Samelson-Demazure-hansen varieties

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2023年

作者： Indranil BISWAS S.Senthamarai KANNAN Pinakinath SAHA School of Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Chennai Mathematical institute School of Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research

Let G be a semi-simple simply connected algebraic group over the field C of complex numbers. Let T be a maximal torus of G, and let W be the Weyl group of G with respect to T.Let Z(w, ■) be the Bott-Samelson-Demazure-hansen variety corresponding to a tuple i associated to a reduced expression of an element w∈W. We prove that for the tuple ■ associated to any reduced expression of a minuscule Weyl group element w, the anti-canonical line bundle on Z(w, ■) is globally generated. As consequence, we prove that Z(w, ■) is weak Fano.Assume that G is a simple algebraic group whose type is different from A2. Let S={α1,···, αn}be the set of simple roots. Let w be such that support of w is equal to S. We prove that Z(w, ■) is Fano for the tuple ■ associated to any reduced expression of w if and only if w is a Coxeter element and w-1(∑t=1nαt)∈-S.

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Patients direct costs to undergo TB diagnosis

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 221-229页

作者： Rachel M.Anderson de Cuevas Lovett Lawson Najla Al-Sonboli Nasher Al-Aghbari Isabel Arbide Jeevan B.Sherchand Emenyonu E.Nnamdi Abraham Aseffa Mohammed A.Yassin Saddiq T.Abdurrahman Joshua Obasanya Oladimeji Olanrewaju Daniel Datiko Sally J.Theobald Andrew Ramsay S.Bertel Squire Luis E.Cuevas Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Pembroke PlaceLiverpool L35QAUK Zankli Medical Center AbujaNigeria Bingham University Nassarawa StateAbujaNigeria Medical Faculty Sana’a UniversitySana’aYemen National Tuberculosis institute Sana’aYemen Bushullo Major Health Centre AwassaEthiopia Tribhuvan University institute of Medicine KathmanduNepal armauer hansen research institute Addis AbabaEthiopia The Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and MalariaGenevaSwitzerland Federal Capital Territory Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme AbujaNigeria Nigeria Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme AbujaNigeria REACH Ethiopia HawassaEthiopia UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for research and Training in Tropical Diseases World Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland

Background:A major impediment to the treatment of TB is a diagnostic process that requires multiple visits.Descriptions of patient costs associated with diagnosis use different protocols and are not comparable.Methods:We aimed to describe the direct costs incurred by adults attending TB diagnostic centres in four countries and factors associated with expenditure for diagnosis.Surveys of 2225 adults attending smear-microscopy centres in Nigeria,Nepal,Ethiopia and Yemen.Adults>18 years with cough>2 weeks were enrolled prospectively.Direct costs were quantified using structured questionnaires.Patients with costs>75^(th) quartile were considered to have high expenditure(cases)and compared with patients with costs<75^(th) quartile to identify factors associated with high expenditure.Results:The most significant expenses were due to clinic fees and transport.Most participants attended the centres with companions.High expenditure was associated with attending with company,residing in rural areas/other towns and illiteracy.Conclusions:The costs incurred by patients are substantial and share common patterns across countries.Removing user fees,transparent charging policies and reimbursing clinic expenses would reduce the poverty-inducing effects of direct diagnostic costs.In locations with limited resources,support could be prioritised for those most at risk of high expenditure;those who are illiterate,attend the service with company and rural residents.

关键词： Tuberculosis Costs Access to healthcare Ethiopia Nepal Nigeria Yemen

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Haptoglobin polymorphism, plasma haptoglobin level and ABO blood group in leprosy patients

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017年第12期5卷 550-555页

作者： Nigussie Seboka Endashaw Bekele Shimelis Nigussie Yonas Bekele Kidist Bobosha Demissew Beyene Department of Microbial Cellular and Molecular Biology Addis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia armauer hansen research institute(AHRI) Addis AbabaEthiopia Department of Dermatology All Africa Leprosy Tuberculosis Rehabilitation Training HospitalAddis AbabaEthiopia

Objective: To analyze haptoglobin polymorphism, plasma haptoglobin concentration, and ABO blood groups associated with leprosy. Methods: Blood groups were determined using monoclonal anti-A and anti-B. Haptoglobin was genotyped by PCR;plasma haptoglobin concentration was measured by ELISA. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 and P-values ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: ABO blood groups in leprosy patients were found to have no significant difference compared to controls and the general population (P > 0.05). The data showed a lower frequency of Hp1-1 (14.6%) and higher frequency of Hp2-2 (25.6%) in leprosy patients compared to healthy controls (23.1% and 19.8%, respectively), without significant association (P = 0.315). The mean of haptoglobin concentration was higher in leprosy patients [(1.32 ± 0.70) mg/mL] than in healthy controls [(1.17 ± 0.67) mg/mL] (P = 0.160). The mean (1.44 mg/mL) and median (1.37 mg/mL) values of haptoglobin concentration were significantly higher in male leprosy patients than in male healthy controls (1.11 mg/mL and 1.11 mg/mL, respectively) (P= 0.018). Independent sample t-test and One-way ANOVA analysis also indicated significant mean elevation of Hp along leprosy spectrum and bacterial index (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, the study revealed absence of influence of Hp polymorphism and ABO blood groups on leprosy occurrence;however, plasma haptoglobin concentration elevates in leprosy patients and is significantly associated with leprosy spectrum and bacterial loads in patients.

关键词： ABO blood group Haptoglobin concentration Haptoglobin polymorphism Leprosy

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Adverse Drug Reactions Associated Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatments in Selected Treatment Centers in Addis Ababa Ethiopia

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Journal of Tuberculosis research 2014年第3期2卷 144-154页

作者： Haregewoin Bezu Daniel Seifu Getnet Yimer Tesfamariam Mebrhatu All Africa Leprosy TB Rehabilitation and Training Center Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI/ALERT) Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Medical Biochemistry College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia research and Technology Transfer College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Introduction: The key to successful elimination of tuberculosis (TB) is treatment of cases with optimum chemotherapy. Irrational anti-TB drug use over time has led to drug-resistant TB. The treatment of MDR-TB with second line drugs is long, complex and costly, and has a considerable rate of adverse effects. The level of ADR reporting is low in Ethiopia due to different factors. This Study conducted in a selected treated area in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and helped the health care centers to understand the prevalence of ADR related MDR-TB and be aware of those adverse effects in order to detect them early and be prepared to take proper steps when they occur. Aim of the Study: To determine the prevalence and risk factor of adverse drug reactions associated treatments of Multidrug Resistant tuberculosis. Method: This was a cross sectional study, which was conducted between March 2012 and February 2013 at St. Peter TB specialized hospital and AHRI/ALERT. 73 MDR TB patients, who were on MDR TB treatments, enrolled to the study. Adverse Drug Reactions associated MDR TB treatments were assessed by patient history review and questionnaire. Chemistry laboratory was used to test renal function, thyroid function, liver enzyme and potassium level. Result: In 72 patients, at least two ADRs were found. The mean age of the study population (Mean ± SD) was 28 ± 8.8. In this study the most commonly found adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were: Anorexia 83.3%, Nausea and vomiting 82%, Gastritis 64%, Arteralgia 47%, Skin rash and itching 45%, Headache 29.2%, Depression 22.2% and Blurred vision 19.4%. Using binary logistic regression model older age (COR 8.71, 95% [CI] 1.06 - 71.9), alcoholism (COR 4.05, 95% [CI] 1.05 - 15.6), smoking (COR 0.24, 95% [CI] 0.06 - 0.87) and concomitant drug intake (COR 0.14, 95% [CI] 0.03 - 0.76) were independent predictors for ADRs. Conclusion: The prevalence of ADRs related MDR TB treatments is high. To minimize ADR occurrence, ADR predictors should be integrated into the clinical pathway. Monitoring of liv

关键词： MDR TB ADR Second Line Anti-TB Treatment

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