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Application of Sediment Traps in Global Change research in Mountain Lakes

Journal of Mountain Science 2009年第3期6卷 228-239页

作者： G. R. KATTEL Environmental Change research Centre (ECRC) Department of GeographyUniversity College London Murray-Darling Freshwater research Centre Brian Grogan Building La Trobe University

Representativity of biota in the biosphere also have similar significance in the lithosphere after their death. Recently, taphonomic representation of biota in the lithosphere has been widely used for minimizing the biases in palaeo-environmental reconstructions including global climate change. In September 2001, a sediment trap was installed at the central area of the Loch Coire Fionnaraich （LCFR）, a small, oligotrophic mountain loch in northwest Scotland for a taphonomic study of cladoceran zooplankton. The trap was emptied on a seasonal basis, where an average 0.14 g dry material was recovered in each season, January, May and August 2002 respectively. A sediment core was also taken from near the sediment trap location. The top 0.5 cm section, the ＇core＇ was used for a comparative study with the trap sediment samples. The planktonic Cladocera consisted of Bosmina coregoni and appeared to have excellent preservation in the trap assemblages. Moreover, some common littoral Cladocera such as Alonella excisa and Aloha guttata appear to be less well preserved in the fossil assemblages. Large littoral taxa such as Eurycercus lamellatus and Aloha quadrangularis were rare in the trap but relatively common and well preserved in the sediment-water interface. It is suggested that taphonomic processes play a dominant role on deposition of fossil remains of Cladocera and caution should be taken while inferring the past environmental changes whilst using fossil assemblages recovered from the lake centre as a representation of the entire cladoceran community in the lake.

关键词： Cladocera mountain lakes taphonomy representativity sediment trap core-top Loch CoireFionnaraich Scotland

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Distribution characteristics of indoor oxygen concentration under natural ventilation in oxygen-enriched buildings at high altitudes

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building Simulation 2021年第6期14卷 1823-1841页

作者： Cong Song Tingting Zhao Yanfeng Liu Dengjia Wang State Key Laboratory of Green building in Western China Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'anShaanxi 710055China School of building Services Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'anShaanxi 710055China

Diffuse oxygen supply is an important means to improve the indoor oxygen environment of buildings and ensure physiological and psychological health of immigrants in plateau *** research on oxygen enrichment strategies at high altitudes has mainly focused on confined spaces under mechanical ventilation,with few studies on the distribution of indoor oxygen concentration under natural ventilation in actual *** study used a verified computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method to investigate the indoor oxygen distribution with practical consideration of natural ventilation at high *** results showed that the oxygen distribution under wind-driven natural ventilation was more nonuniform than that under buoyancy-driven natural ventilation,with the ratio of local oxygen concentration to overall-mean oxygen concentration,the k value,between 0.8 and 1.3 under wind-driven natural ventilation and between 0.9 and 1.1 under buoyancy-driven natural *** effects of meteorological condition and oxygen source position on indoor spatial oxygen distribution characteristics were explored with careful examination in human occupied zone under lying,sitting and standing *** results can provide implications for effective and energy saving design of indoor oxygen supply system in plateau buildings.

关键词： high altitude indoor environment-oxygen concentration distribution natural ventilation oxygen enrichment

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Timetabling optimization of classrooms and self-study rooms in university teaching buildings based on the building controls virtual test bed platform considering energy efficiency

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building Simulation 2023年第2期16卷 263-277页

作者： Yanfeng Liu Hui Ming Xi Luo Liang Hu Yongkai Sun State Key Laboratory of Green building in Western China Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China School of building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China School of Management Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China

The energy consumption of a teaching building can be effectively reduced by timetable ***,in most studies that explore methods to reduce building energy consumption by course timetable optimization,self-study activities are not *** this study,an MATLAB-EnergyPlus joint simulation model was constructed based on the building Controls Virtual Test Bed platform to reduce building energy consumption by optimizing the course schedule and opening strategy of self-study rooms in a holistic *** following results were obtained by taking a university in Xi’an as an example:(1)The energy saving percentages obtained by timetabling optimization during the heating season examination week,heating season non-examination week,cooling season examination week,and cooling season non-examination week are 35%,29.4%,13.4%,and 13.4%,respectively.(2)Regarding the temporal arrangement,most courses are scheduled in the morning during the cooling season and afternoon during the heating *** the spatial arrangement,most courses are arranged in the central section of the middle floors of the building.(3)During the heating season,the additional building energy consumption incurred by the opening of self-study rooms decreases when duty heating temperature increases.

关键词： timetabling optimization university teaching buildings energy efficiency building Controls Virtual Test Bed platform genetic algorithm

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Hydration Kinetics of Phosphorus Slag-cement Paste

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2011年第1期26卷 142-146页

作者：陈霞 School of Civil Engineering Wuhan University Department of Mateials and Structure Changjiang River Scientific Research lnstitute

Hydration characteristics of Portland cement paste with phosphorus slag powder incorporated and hydration kinetics was investigated with SEM, X-ray diffraction, DTA-TG and calorimeter Ⅱ80. Results showed that phosphorus slag powder could reduce total amount of hydration products yet had little influence on the type of hydration products. The total amount of heat of hydration was decreased by 49.11% and the final setting was postponed by 2.28 h when phosphorus slag powder substituted 35% Portland cement by mass. The accelerating stage of this composite paste was controlled by catalysis, decreasing stage controlled by both catalysis and diffusion while stabilizing stage by diffusion alone. Hydration resistance and activation energy were reduced and hydration speed was accelerated.

关键词： phosphorus slag hydration kinetics cement micro structure mechanism.

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Optimization study of spherical tuyere based on BP neural network and new evaluation index

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building Simulation 2024年第2期17卷 223-234页

作者： Mengchao Liu Ran Gao Yi Wang Angui Li School of building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055China

The energy consumption of heating,ventilation,and air conditioning(HVAC)systems holds a significant position in building energy usage,accounting for about 65%of the total energy ***,with the advancement of building automation,the energy consumption of ventilation systems continues to *** study focuses on improving the performance of spherical tuyeres in HVAC *** primarily utilizes neural networks and multi-island genetic algorithms(MIGA)for multi-parameter *** employing methods such as structural parameterization,accurate and fast computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations,a minimized sample space,and a rational optimization strategy,the time cycle of the optimization process is ***,a new comprehensive evaluation index is proposed in this research to describe the performance of spherical tuyeres,which can be used to more accurately assess spherical tuyeres with different *** results show that by establishing a neural network prediction model and combining it with the multi-island genetic algorithm,a novel spherical tuyere design was successfully *** optimized novel spherical tuyeres achieved a 27.05%reduction in the spherical tuyeres effective index(STEI)compared to the traditional spherical ***,the resistance decreased by 15.68%,and the jet length increased by 7.57%.The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed optimization method exhibits high accuracy,good generalization capability,and excellent agreement at different Reynolds numbers.

关键词： spherical tuyeres STEI CFD ventilation

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Exploring the potential of extrachromosomal DNA as a novel oncogenic driver

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 144-157页

作者： Huanbo Zhu Longtao Huangfu Junbing Chen Jiafu Ji Xiaofang Xing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational research (Ministry of Education/Beijing) Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research LaboratoryPeking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Center Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation Liver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan University Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational ResearchDivision of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research LaboratoryPeking University Cancer Hospital & Institute

Extrachromosomal DNA(ecDNA) is a form of circular DNA mostly found in tumor cells. Unlike the typical chromosomal DNA, ecDNA is circular, self-replicating, and carries complete or partial gene fragments. Although ecDNA occurrence remains a rare event in cancer, recent studies have shown that oncogene amplification on ecDNA is widespread throughout many types of cancer, implying that ecDNA plays a central role in accelerating tumor evolution. ecDNA has also been associated with increased tumor mutation burden, chromosomal instability, and even tumor microenvironment remodeling. ecDNA may be crucial in influencing tumor heterogeneity, drug sensitivity,oncogenic senescence, and tumor immunogenicity, leading to a worsening prognosis for tumor patients. In this way, several clinical trials have been conducted to investigate the importance of ecDNA in clinical treatment. In this review, we summarize the biogenesis, characteristics, and current research methods of ecDNA, discuss the vital role of ecDNA-caused tumor heterogeneity in cancers, and highlight the potential role of ecDNA in cancer therapy.

关键词： extrachromosomal DNA cancer therapy tumor heterogeneity drug resistance tumor evolution

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GIS Based Spatial Data Analysis for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping

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Journal of Mountain Science 2008年第1期5卷 52-62页

作者： S.Sarkar Scientist D.P.Kanungo A.K.Patra Pushpendra Kumar Central building research Institute Roorkee-247667India Scientist Central Building Research InstituteRoorkee-247667India research Fellow Central Building Research InstituteRoorkee-247667India

Landslide susceptibility map delineates the potential zones for landslides occurrence. The paper presents a statistical approach through spatial data analysis in GIS for landslide susceptibility mapping in parts of Sikkim Himalaya. Six important causative factors for landslide occurrences were selected and corresponding thematic data layers were prepared in GIS. Topographic maps,satellite image,field data and published maps constitute the input data for thematic layer preparation. Numerical weights for different categories of these factors were determined based on a statistical approach and the weighted thematic layers were integrated in GIS environment to generate the landslide susceptibility map of the area. The landslide susceptibility map classifies the area into five different landslide susceptible zones i.e.,very high,high,moderate,low and very low. This map was validated using the existing landslide distribution in the area.

关键词： Landslide susceptibility GIS Sikkim Himalaya statistical approach Himalaya

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AWells-Riley/based COVID-19 infectiousrisk assessment model combining both short rangeandroom scale effects

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building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 93-111页

作者： Yinshuai Feng Yifan Fan Xiaoyu Luo Jian Ge College of Civil Engineering and architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Center for Balance architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina International research Center for Green building and Low-Carbon City International CampusZhejiang UniversityHainingChina

There is growing evidence of the high transmission potential of COVID-19 through virus-laden *** aerosols are inhaled in various concentrations,an overall assessment of transmission risks at different indoor scales is ***,a comprehensive risk assessment method that evaluates the direct link between short-range and room-scale zones is stl *** this paper,a risk assessment model combining both short-range and room-scale effects is developed to obtain effective reproduction number in confined indoor environments,called Turbulent Jet Wells Riley(TJWR)*** with the viral load data and aerosol generation data of different human respiratory activities,the Monte Carlo simulation method is applied to calculate the quanta emission rate,which further provides the input parameters of the TJWR *** known outbreaks(Hangzhou banquet hall X,Guangzhou restaurant Y,and Hong Kong restaurant Z,China)are chosen to validate the TJWR *** show that the TJWR model is more efficient than the original Wells-Riley *** average relative error of the TJWR model ranges between 9%and 44%,while for the Wells-Riley model,it ranges between 57%and 78%.The TJWR model also proves that infection risk assessments using the well-mixed assumption can systematically underestimate the transmission risk for those close to the ***,there is a significant positive linear correlation between the total number of exposed individuals at the short-range and the effective reproduction *** newly developed TJWR model has great potential for rapid and real-time overall airborne transmission risk assessment in buildings and cities.

关键词： COVID-19 airborne transmission infection risk Wells-Riley model Monte Carlo simulation

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Can the ASHRAE Standard 169 zoning method be applied to country-level energy-efficient building design in China?

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building Simulation 2023年第7期16卷 1041-1058页

作者： Shangyu Wang Liu Yang Xiangxin Meng Kailin Lyu Qimeng Cao Yan Liu State Key Laboratory of Green building Xi’anShaanxi 710055China School of architecture Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’anShaanxi 710055China

In current building thermal climate design zones of China,the zoning indicators only include temperature elements without considering the regional difference of air ***,building thermal design strategies in continental climate zone with low relative humidity and marine climate zone with high relative humidity cannot be distinguished by the current building thermal zoning *** Standard 169 proposes dual definitions for moisture and thermal climate zones,and this method can be extended to the world,including the so-called“China Climate Zones Map”.However,the moisture climate zoning criterion is unsuitable for China’s climate characteristics after climate analysis and building performance *** present work,a novel building moisture climate zoning method is *** bioclimatic chart was utilized for extracting the outline of building climate through the Gaussian KDE ***,the building moisture climate was classified,the zoning indicator was obtained,and a country-level climate zones map for China was *** results indicated that the global information matrix served as a helpful guide and reference for planning at the national *** precipitation could be used as a zoning indicator to accurately reflect the regional differences of building moisture climate in *** approach can provide new thoughts for improving the climate zoning system in current energy-efficient building design standards of China to assist the ultra-low energy consumption target.

关键词： building climate zoning country-level energy-efficient building moisture zoning indicator

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Modelling of finger-like channelled anode support for SOFCs application

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Science Bulletin 2016年第17期61卷 1324-1332页

作者： Bin Chen Haoran Xu Meng Ni building Energy research Group Department of Building and Real EstateThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University

This paper established a numerical model for a solid oxide fuel cell （SOFC） button cell, focusing on the effects of finger-like channels on the gas transport process in the anode support. The current densities of channelled button cell and un-channelled button cell are compared at different operating temperature and voltage with H2 as the fuel. The H2 transport is discussed in detail, such as the mole fraction distribution of H2 in the porous layer, the diffusion flux and convective flux of Ha. It is found that the performance of SOFC can be improved by 2.60 % at 800 ~C, 0.5 V, com- pared with un-channelled SOFC due to the improved gas transport by the finger-like channels. Then, the model is further extended to study 2D-planar SOFC fuelled with syngas. The mole fraction gradients of H2, CO, CH4 and CO are all substantially reduced by the finger-like channels compared to un-channelled planar cell. It is found that the SOFC performance is improved by 5.93 % at 800℃, 0.5 V, when syngas fuel is used. The present study clearly demonstrated that the use of finger-like channels in the anode support is effective in improving the gas transport and the SOFC performance. The present model can be employed for subsequent optimization of the channel configuration for further performance improvement.

关键词： Phase inversion CFD modelling Finger-like channels Concentration loss

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