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The gene encoding flavonol synthase contributes to lesion mimic in wheat

The crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 814-825页

作者： Tingting Dong Hongchun Xiong Huijun Guo Yongdun Xie Linshu Zhao Jiayu Gu Huiyuan Li Shirong Zhao Yuping Ding Xiyun Song Luxiang Liu College of Life Sciences Key Laboratory of Major Crop Germplasm Innovation and Application in QingdaoQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109ShandongChina State Key Laboratory of crop Gene resources and Breeding/National Engineering Laboratory of crop Molecular Breeding/CAEA research and development centre on Nuclear Technology Applications for Irradiation Mutation Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Lesion mimic often exhibits leaf disease-like symptoms even in the absence of pathogen infection,and is characterized by a hypersensitive-response(HR)that closely linked to plant disease *** this,only a few lesion mimic genes have been identified in *** this investigation,a lesion mimic wheat mutant named je0297 was discovered,showing no alteration in yield components when compared to the wild type(WT).Segregation ratio analysis of the F_(2)individuals resulting from the cross between the WT and the mutant revealed that the lesion mimic was governed by a single recessive gene in *** Bulked segregant analysis(BSA)and exome capture sequencing,we mapped the lesion mimic gene designated as lm6 to chromosome *** gene fine mapping using 3315 F_(2)individuals delimited the lm6 within a 1.18 Mb *** this region,we identified 16 high-confidence genes,with only two displaying mutations in ***,one of the two genes,responsible for encoding flavonol synthase,exhibited altered expression *** phenotype analysis of TILLING mutants confirmed that the gene encoding flavonol synthase was indeed the causal gene for *** sequencing analysis revealed that the DEGs between the WT and mutant were significantly enriched in KEGG pathways related to flavonoid biosynthesis,including flavone and flavonol biosynthesis,isoflavonoid biosynthesis,and flavonoid biosynthesis ***,more than 30 pathogen infection-related(PR)genes exhibited upregulation in the *** to this expression pattern,the flavonoid content in je0297 showed a significant decrease in the 4^(th)leaf,accompanied by a notable accumulation of reactive oxygen,which likely contributed to the development of lesion mimic in the *** investigation enhances our comprehension of cell death signaling pathways and provides a valuable gene resource for the breeding of disease-resistant wheat.

关键词： Lesion mimic mutant Wheat Gene mapping Flavonol synthase gene Flavonoid

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Fine mapping of two recessive genes TaFLA1 and TaSPL8 controlling flag leaf angle in bread wheat

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The crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1159-1167页

作者： Qiushi Wang Jiaxing Bai Hongchun Xiong Yongdun Xie Chaojie Wang Jiayu Gu Linshu Zhao Huiyuan Li Jinfeng Zhang Shirong Zhao Yuping Ding Zhengwu Fang Huijun Guo Luxiang Liu College of Agriculture Yangtze University/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River(Co-Construction by Ministry and Province)Jingzhou 434000HubeiChina State Key Laboratory of crop Gene resources and Breeding/National Engineering Laboratory of crop Molecular Breeding/CAEA research and development centre on Nuclear Technology Applications for Irradiation Mutation Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Flag leaf angle is one of the key target traits in high yield wheat breeding.A smaller flag leaf angle reduces shading and enables plants to grow at a higher density,which increases *** we identified a mutant,je0407,with an 84.34%-89.35%smaller flag leaf angle compared with the wild *** mutant also had an abnormal lamina joint and no ligule or *** analysis indicated that the ligule was controlled by two recessive genes,which were mapped to chromosomes 2AS and *** mutant allele on chromosome 2AS was named Tafla1b,and it was fine mapped to a 1 Mb physical *** mutant allele on chr.2DL was identified as Taspl8b,a novel allele of TaSPL8 with a missense mutation in the second exon,which was used to develop a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence marker.F3 and F4 lines derived from crosses between Jing411 and je0407 were genotyped to investigate interactions between the Tafla1b and Taspl8b *** with the Tafla1b/Taspl8a genotype had 58.41%-82.76%smaller flag leaf angles,6.4%-24.9%shorter spikes,and a greater spikelet density(0.382 more spikelets per cm)compared with the wild *** with the Tafla1a/Taspl8b genotype had 52.62%-82.24%smaller flag leaf angles and no differences in plant height or spikelet density compared with the wild ***1b/Taspl8b plants produced erect leaves with an abnormal lamina *** two alleles had dosage effects on ligule formation and flag leaf angle,but no significant effect on thousand-grain *** mutant alleles provide novel resources for improvement of wheat plant architecture.

关键词： Wheat Ligule Flag leaf angle Fine mapping Tafla1 Taspl8

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Identification of a von Willebrand factor type A protein affecting both grain and flag leaf morphologies in wheat

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 2283-2286页

作者： Chunyun Zhou Hongchun Xiong Yong Jia Huijun Guo Meiyu Fu Yongdun Xie Linshu Zhao Jiayu Gu Huiyuan Li Yuting Li Peiyong Xin Jinfang Chu Chengdao Li Luxiang Liu State Key Laboratory of crop Gene resources and Breeding/National Engineering Laboratory of crop Molecular Breeding/CAEA research and development centre on Nuclear Technology Applications for Irradiation Mutation Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Western crop Genetics Alliance College of ScienceHealthEngineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityPerthWA 6150Australia National centre for Plant Gene research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Dear Editor,The world faces unprecedented challenges for crop yield improvement to feed an expanding human population under limited agricultural resources and an increasingly erratic climate(Wheeler and von Braun,2013).Bread wheat is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crops,with both grain and flag leaf morphologies determining final yield potential(Xie et al.,2015;Zanella et al.,2023).Candidate genes affecting these traits are therefore highly desirable targets for breeding programs.

关键词： breeding crops cultivated

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The genetic basis and process of inbreeding depression in an elite hybrid rice

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1727-1738页

作者： Xiaodong Xu Yawen Xu Jian Che Xu Han Zhengji Wang Xianmeng Wang Qinghua Zhang Xu Li Qinglu Zhang Jinghua Xiao Xianghua Li Qifa Zhang Yidan Ouyang National Key Laboratory of crop Genetic Improvement and National centre of Plant Gene research(Wuhan) Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Inbreeding depression refers to the reduced performance arising from increased homozygosity,a phenomenon that is the reverse of heterosis and exists among plants and *** a natural self-pollinated crop with strong heterosis,the mechanism of inbreeding depression in rice is largely *** understand the genetic basis of inbreeding depression,we constructed a successive inbreeding population from the F_(2)to F_(4)generation and observed inbreeding depression of all heterotic traits in the progeny along with the decay of heterozygosity in each *** expected depression effect was largely explained by 13 QTLs showing dominant effects for spikelets per panicle,11 for primary branches,and 12 for secondary branches,and these loci constitute the main correlation between heterosis and inbreeding ***,the genetic basis of inbreeding depression is also distinct from that of heterosis,such that a biased transmission ratio of alleles for QTLs with either dominant or additive effects in four segregation distortion regions would result in minor effects in expected ***,two-locus interactions may change the extent and direction of the depression effects of the target loci,and overall interactions would promote inbreeding depression among *** an F_(2:3)variation population,the actual performance of the loci showing expected depression was evaluated considering the heterozygosity decay in the background after *** found inconsistent or various degrees of background depression from the F_(2)to F_(3)generation assuming different genotypes of the target locus,which may affect the actual depression effect of the locus due to *** results suggest that the genetic architecture of inbreeding depression and heterosis is closely linked but also differs in their intrinsic mechanisms,which expand our understanding of the whole-genome architecture of inbreeding depression.

关键词： rice inbreeding depression spikelet development dominance segregation distortion epistasis

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Natural variation of GmFNSII-2 contributes to drought resistance by modulating enzyme activity in soybean

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The crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 529-539页

作者： Huihui Gao Pengcheng Wei Yongzhe Gu Pengbin Tang Yifan Shen Lei Yang Linxin Dong Haowei Zheng Kuo Shu Mayamiko Masangano Bin Dong Long Miao Jiajia Li Lijuan Qiu Xiaobo Wang School of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036AnhuiChina State Key Laboratory of crop Gene resources and Breeding The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement(NFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Germplasm Enhancement(MOA)Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

As an essential crop that provides vegetable oil and protein,soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.)is widely planted all over the ***,the scarcity of water resources worldwide has seriously impacted on the quality and yield of *** address this,exploring excellent genes for improving drought resistance in soybean is *** this study,we identified natural variations of GmFNSII-2(flavone synthase II)significantly affect the drought resistance of *** sequence analysis of GmFNSII-2 in 632 cultivated and 44 wild soybeans nine haplotypes were *** full-length allele GmFNSII-2^(C),but not the truncated allele GmFNSII-2^(A) possessing a nonsense nucleotide variation,increased enzyme *** research found that GmDREB3,known to increase soybean drought resistance,bound to the promoter region of GmFNSII-2^(C).GmDREB3 positively regulated the expression of GmFNSII-2^(C),increased flavone synthase abundance and improved the drought ***,a singlebase mutation in the GmFNSII-2^(C) promoter generated an additional drought response element(CCCCT),which had stronger interaction strength with GmDREB3 and increased its transcriptional activity under drought *** frequency of drought-resistant soybean varieties with Hap 1(Pro:GmFNSII-2^(C))has increased,suggesting that this haplotype may be selected during soybean *** summary,GmFNSII-2^(C) could be used for molecular breeding of drought-tolerant soybean.

关键词： Drought stress Flavone synthase GmFNSII-2 Natural variation Drought response element

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Identification and fine mapping of qSW2 for leaf slow wilting in soybean

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The crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 244-251页

作者： Shengyou Li Changling Wang Chunjuan Yan Xugang Sun Lijun Zhang Yongqiang Cao Wenbin Wang Shuhong Song Institute of crop research Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyang 110161LiaoningChina

Drought is one of the abiotic stresses limiting the production of soybean(Glycine max).Elucidation of the genetic and molecular basis of the slow-wilting(SW)trait of this crop offers the prospect of its genetic improvement.A panel of 188 accessions and a set of recombinant inbred lines produced from a cross between cultivars Liaodou 14 and Liaodou 21 were used to identify quantitative-trait loci(QTL)associated with *** were genotyped by Specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing and seedling leaf wilting was assessed under three water-stress treatments.A genome-wide association study identified 26 SW-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs),including three located in a 248-kb linkage-disequilibrium(LD)block on chromosome *** mapping revealed a major-effect QTL,qSW2,associated with all three treatments and adjacent to the LD *** mapping in a BC_(2)F_(3) population derived from a backcross between Liaodou 21 and R26 confined qSW2 to a 60-kb *** expression and sequence variation analysis identified the gene Glyma.02 g218100,encoding an auxin transcription factor,as a candidate gene for *** results will contribute significantly to improving drought-resistant soybean cultivars by providing genetic information and resources.

关键词： Drought GWAS Linkage mapping Slow wilting Soybean(Glycine max)

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Fine mapping and characterization of a major QTL for grain length,***-2D.1,that has pleiotropic effects in synthetic allohexaploid wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2911-2922页

作者： Mingming Wang Jia Geng Zhe Zhang Zihan Zhang Lingfeng Miao Tian Ma Jiewen Xing Baoyun Li Qixin Sun Yufeng Zhang Zhongfu Ni Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding/Key Laboratory of crop Heterosis and Utilization Ministry of Education/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Plant Gene research centre Beijing 100193China

Grain size is one of the determinants of grain yield,and identifying the genetic loci that control grain size will be helpful for increasing grain *** our previous study,a quantitative trait locus(QTL)for grain length(GL),***-2D.1,was identified from an F2 population developed from the cross between the natural(TAA10)and synthetic(XX329)allohexaploid *** the present study,we mainly fine mapped and validated its genetic *** this end,multiple near-isogenic lines(NILs)were obtained through marker-assisted selection with TAA10 as the recurrent *** secondary populations derived from 25 heterozygous recombinants were used for fine mapping of ***-2D.1,and the allele from XX329 significantly increased GL,thousand-grain weight(TGW),total spikelet number per spike(TSN)and spike compactness(SC).Using NILs for XX329(2D+)and TAA10(2D−),we determined the genetic and pleiotropic effects of *** target sequences were aligned with the wheat reference genome RefSeq v2.1 and spanned an~0.9 Mb genomic ***2D03G0114900(ortholog of Os03g0594700)was predicted as the candidate gene based on whole-genome re-sequencing and expression *** summary,the map-based cloning of ***-2D.1 will be useful for improving grain weight with enhanced GL and TSN.

关键词： grain length total spikelet number per spike spike compactness near-isogenic lines QTL wheat

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The OsCLV2s-OsCRN1 co-receptor regulates grain shape in rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第7期51卷 691-702页

作者： Xingxing Li Meng-en Wu Juncheng Zhang Jingyue Xu Yuanfei Diao Yibo Li National Key Laboratory of crop Genetic Improvement and National centre of Plant Gene research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

The highly conserved CLV–WUS negative feedback pathway plays a decisive role in regulating stem cell maintenance in shoot and floral meristems in higher plants,including Arabidopsis,rice,maize,and ***,we find significant natural variations in the OsCLV2c,OsCLV2d,and OsCRN1 loci in a genome-wide association study of grain shape in ***2a,OsCLV2c,OsCLV2d,and OsCRN1 negatively regulate grain length–width ratio and show distinctive geographical distribution,indica–japonica differentiation,and artificial selection ***,OsCLV2a and OsCRN1 interact biochemically and genetically,suggesting that the two components function in a complex to regulate grain shape of ***,the genetic contributions of the haplotypes combining OsCLV2a,OsCLV2c,and OsCRN1 are significantly higher than those of each single gene alone in controlling key yield *** findings identify two groups of receptor-like kinases that may function as distinct co-receptors to control grain size in rice,thereby revealing a previously unrecognized role of the CLV class genes in regulating seed development and proposing a framework to understand the molecular mechanisms of the CLV–WUS pathway in rice and other crops.

关键词： Rice Grain shape OsCLV2s OsCRN1 Natural variations Indica-japonica differentiation

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Maize ZmSRO1e promotes mesocotyl elongation and deep sowing tolerance by inhibiting the activity of ZmbZIP61

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1571-1586页

作者： Lumin Qin Fangfang Kong Lin Wei Minghan Cui Jianhang Li Chen Zhu Yue Liu Guangmin Xia Shuwei Liu Key Laboratory of Plant development and Environmental Adaptation Biology Ministry of EducationSchool of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China crop research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiAnhui Province 230031China

Deep sowing is a traditional method for drought resistance in maize production,and mesocotyl elongation is strongly associated with the ability of maize to germinate from deep ***,little is known about the functional genes and mechanisms regulating maize mesocotyl *** the present study,we identified a plant-specific SIMILAR TO RCD-ONE(SRO) protein family member,ZmSRO1e,involved in maize mesocotyl *** expression of ZmSRO1e is strongly inhibited upon transfer from dark to white *** loss-of-function zmsro1e mutant exhibited a dramatically shorter mesocotyl than the wild-type in both constant light and darkness,while overexpression of ZmSRO1e significantly promoted mesocotyl elongation,indicating that ZmSRO1e positively regulates mesocotyl *** showed that ZmSRO1e physically interacted with Zmb ZIP61,an ortholog of Arabidopsis ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5) and showed a function similar to that of HY5 in regulating *** found that ZmSRO1e repressed the transcriptional activity of Zmb ZIP61 toward target genes involved in the regulation of cell expansion,such as ZmEXPB4 and ZmEXPB6,by interfering with the binding of ZmbZIP61 to the promoters of target *** results provide a new understanding of the mechanism by which SRO regulates photomorphogenesis and highlight its potential application in deep sowing-resistant breeding.

关键词： deep sowing HY5 maize Mesocotyl SRO

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GmDFB1,an ARM-repeat superfamily protein,regulates floral organ identity through repressing siRNA-and miRNA-mediated gene silencing in soybean

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1620-1638页

作者： Jie Li Wenxiao Zhang Qing Lu Jiaqi Sun Chuang Cheng Shiyu Huang Shuo Li Qiang Li Wei Zhang Chuanen Zhou Bin Liu Fengning Xiang The Key Laboratory of Plant development and Environmental Adaptation Biology Ministry of EducationSchool of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China State Key Laboratory of crop Gene resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

The development of flowers in soybean(Glycine max)is essential for determining the yield potential of the *** silencing pathways are involved in modulating flower development,but their full elucidation is still ***,we conducted a forward genetic screen and identified an abnormal flower mutant,deformed floral bud1-1(Gmdfb1-1),in *** mapped and identified the causal gene,which encodes a member of the armadillo(ARM)-repeat *** small RNA sequencing(sRNA-seq),we found an abnormal accumulation of small interfering RNAs(si RNAs)and microRNA(miRNAs)in the Gmdfb1 *** further demonstrated that GmDFB1 interacts with the RNA exosome cofactor SUPER KILLER7(Gm SKI7).Additionally,GmDFB1 interacts with the PIWI domain of ARGONAUTE 1(GmAGO1)to inhibit the cleavage efficiency on the target genes of s *** enhanced gene silencing mediated by siRNA and miRNA in the Gmdfb1 mutants leads to the downregulation of their target genes associated with flower *** study revealed the crucial role of GmDFB1 in regulating floral organ identity in soybean probably by participating in two distinct gene silencing pathways.

关键词： ARM-repeat superfamily protein ARGONAUTE 1 SUPER KILLER 7 flower development gene silencing small RNAs soybean

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