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Resilience and response:Unveiling the impacts of extreme droughts on forests through integrated dendrochronological and remote sensing analyses

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 491-501页

作者： Han Shi Xi Peng Yong-Jiao Zhou Ai-Ying Wang Xue-Kai Sun Na Li Quan-Sheng Bao Gude Buri Guang-You Hao CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China Daqinggou Ecological research Station Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Life Science and Engineering Shenyang UniversityShenyang110044China Wudantala Forestry Forestry and Grassland Administration of Horqin Northeast CountyTongliao028100China

Extreme droughts are anticipated to have detrimental impacts on forest ecosystems,especially in water-limited regions,due to the influence of climate ***,considerable uncertainty remains regarding the patterns in species-specific responses to extreme ***,we conducted a study integrating dendrochronology and remote sensing methods to investigate the mosaic-distributed maple-oak(native)natural forests and poplar plantations(introduced)in the Horqin Sandy Land,Northeast *** assessed the impacts of extreme droughts on tree performances by measuring interannual variations in radial growth and vegetation *** results showed that precipitation and self-calibrated palmer drought severity index(scPDSI)are the major factors influencing tree-ring width index(RWI)and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI).The severe droughts between 2000 and 2004 resulted in reduced RWI in the three studied tree species as well as led to NDVI reductions in both the maple-oak natural forests and the poplar *** RWI reached the nadir during the2000-2004 severe droughts and remained at low levels two years after the severe drought,creating a legacy *** contrast to the lack of significant correlation between RWI and scPDSI,NDVI exhibited a significant positive correlation with scPDSI indicating the greater sensitivity of canopy performance to droughts than radial ***,interspecific differences in RWI and NDVI responses were observed,with the fast-growing poplar species experiencing a more significant RWI decrease and more negative NDVI anomaly during severe droughts than native species,highlighting the species-specific trade-offs between drought resilience and growth *** study emphasizes the importance of combining tree-level radial growth with landscape-scale canopy remote sensing to understand forest resilience and *** study improves our understanding of forest responses to extreme drought and highlights species di

关键词： Introduced tree species Native tree species NDVI Severe drought Tree-ring width

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Mitigating Lattice Distortion of High‑Voltage LiCoO_(2)via Core‑Shell Structure Induced by Cationic Heterogeneous Co‑Doping for Lithium‑Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 169-182页

作者： Zezhou Lin Ke Fan Tiancheng Liu Zhihang Xu Gao Chen Honglei Zhang Hao Li Xuyun Guo Xi Zhang Ye Zhu Peiyu Hou Haitao Huang Department of applied Physics and research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Department of applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Nanosurface Science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China School of Physics and Technology University of JinanJinanShandongPeople’s Republic of China

Inactive elemental doping is commonly used to improve the structural stability of high-voltage layered transition-metal oxide ***,the one-step co-doping strategy usually results in small grain size since the low diffusivity ions such as Ti^(4+)will be concentrated on grain boundaries,which hinders the grain *** order to synthesize large single-crystal layered oxide cathodes,considering the different diffusivities of different dopant ions,we propose a simple two-step multi-element co-doping strategy to fabricate core–shell structured LiCoO_(2)(CS-LCO).In the current work,the high-diffusivity Al^(3+)/Mg^(2+)ions occupy the core of single-crystal grain while the low diffusivity Ti^(4+)ions enrich the shell *** Ti^(4+)-enriched shell layer(~12 nm)with Co/Ti substitution and stronger Ti–O bond gives rise to less oxygen ligand ***-situ XRD demonstrates the constrained contraction of c-axis lattice parameter and mitigated structural *** a high upper cut-off voltage of 4.6 V,the single-crystal CS-LCO maintains a reversible capacity of 159.8 mAh g^(−1)with a good retention of~89%after 300 cycles,and reaches a high specific capacity of 163.8 mAh g^(−1)at *** proposed strategy can be extended to other pairs of low-(Zr^(4+),Ta^(5+),and W6+,etc.)and high-diffusivity cations(Zn^(2+),Ni^(2+),and Fe^(3+),etc.)for rational design of advanced layered oxide core–shell structured cathodes for lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery LiCoO_(2) Heterogeneous co-doping Core-shell structure High-voltage stability

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Temporally consistent video colorization with deep feature propagation and self-regularization learning

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第2期10卷 375-395页

作者： Yihao Liu Hengyuan Zhao Kelvin CKChan Xintao Wang Chen Change Loy Yu Qiao Chao Dong Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798 applied research Center Tencent PCGShenzhenChina

Video colorization is a challenging and highly ill-posed *** recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in single image colorization,there is relatively less research effort on video colorization,and existing methods always suffer from severe flickering artifacts(temporal inconsistency)or unsatisfactory *** address this problem from a new perspective,by jointly considering colorization and temporal consistency in a unified ***,we propose a novel temporally consistent video colorization(TCVC)*** effectively propagates frame-level deep features in a bidirectional way to enhance the temporal consistency of ***,TCVC introduces a self-regularization learning(SRL)scheme to minimize the differences in predictions obtained using different time *** does not require any ground-truth color videos for training and can further improve temporal *** demonstrate that our method can not only provide visually pleasing colorized video,but also with clearly better temporal consistency than state-of-the-art methods.A video demo is provided at https://***/watch?v=c7dczMs-olE,while code is available at https://***/lyh-18/TCVC-Tem porally-Consistent-Video-Colorization.

关键词： video colorization temporal consistency feature propagation self-regularization

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Dietary nutrition, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and post-weaning diarrhea in piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 188-207页

作者： Xuebing Han Xiangdong Hu Wei Jin Gang Liu Department of Urology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural University Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F University

Weaning is a critical transitional point in the life cycle of piglets. Early weaning can lead to post-weaning syndrome, destroy the intestinal barrier function and microbiota homeostasis, cause diarrhea and threaten the health of piglets. The nutritional components of milk and solid foods consumed by newborn animals can affect the diversity and structure of their intestinal microbiota, and regulate post-weaning diarrhea in piglets. Therefore, this paper reviews the effects and mechanisms of different nutrients,including protein, dietary fiber, dietary fatty acids and dietary electrolyte balance, on diarrhea and health of piglets by regulating intestinal function. Protein is an essential nutrient for the growth of piglets;however, excessive intake will cause many harmful effects, such as allergic reactions, intestinal barrier dysfunction and pathogenic growth, eventually aggravating piglet diarrhea. Dietary fiber is a nutrient that alleviates post-weaning diarrhea in piglets, which is related to its promotion of intestinal epithelial integrity, microbial homeostasis and the production of short-chain fatty acids. In addition, dietary fatty acids and dietary electrolyte balance can also facilitate the growth, function and health of piglets by regulating intestinal epithelial function, immune system and microbiota. Thus, a targeted control of dietary components to promote the establishment of a healthy bacterial community is a significant method for preventing nutritional diarrhea in weaned piglets.

关键词： Diarrhea Intestinal barrier Dietary protein Dietary fiber Dietary fatty acid Dietary electrolyte balance

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Half-integer Shapiro steps in MgB_(2) focused He ion beam Josephson junctions

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 483-489页

作者：殷大利蔡欣炜徐铁权孙瑞宁韩颖张焱王越甘子钊 applied Superconductivity Center State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic PhysicsSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Half-integer microwave induced steps(Shapiro steps)have been observed in many different Josephson junction systems,which have attracted a lot of attention because they signify the deviation of current phase relation(CPR)and uncover many unconventional physical *** this article,we first report the discovery of half-integer Shapiro steps in MgB_(2)focused He ion beam(He-FIB)Josephson *** half-integer steps'dependence on microwave frequency,temperature,microwave power,and magnetic field is also *** find that the existence of half-integer steps can be controlled by the magnetic field periodically,which is similar to that of high temperature superconductor(HTS)grain boundary junctions,and the similarity of the microstructures between gain boundary junctions and He-FIB junctions is *** a consequence,we mainly attribute the physical origin of half-integer steps in MgB_(2)He-FIB junctions to the model that a He-FIB junction is analogous to a parallel junctions'*** results show that He-FIB technology is a promising platform for researching CPR in junctions made of different superconductors.

关键词： Josephson junction half-integer Shapiro steps MgB_(2) focused helium ion beam

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Measurement of 2p-3d absorption in a hot molybdenum plasma

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 68-79页

作者： Gang Xiong Bo Qing Zhiyu Zhang Longfei Jing Yang Zhao Minxi Wei Yimeng Yang Lifei Hou Chengwu Huang Tuo Zhu Tianming Song Min Lv Yan Zhao Yuxue Zhang Guohong Yang Zeqing Wu Jun Yan Yaming Zou Jiyan Zhang Jiamin Yang Shanghai EBIT Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-Beam Application(MOE)Institute of ModernPhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Laser Fusion research Center China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Institute of applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088China

We present measurements of the 2p-3d transition opacity of a hot molybdenum-scandium sample with nearly half-vacant molybdenum M-shell configurations.A plastic-tamped molybdenum-scandium foil sample is radiatively heated to high temperature in a compact D-shaped gold Hohlraum driven by∼30 kJ laser energy at the SG-100 kJ laser facility.X rays transmitted through the molybdenum and scandium plasmas are diffracted by crystals and finally recorded by image *** electron temperatures in the sample in particular spatial and temporal zones are determined by the K-shell absorption of the scandium plasma.A combination of the IRAD3D view factor code and the MULTI hydrodynamic code is used to simulate the spatial distribution and temporal behavior of the sample temperature and *** inferred temperature in the molybdenum plasma reaches a average of 138±11 eV.A detailed configuration-accounting calculation of the n=2–3 transition absorption of the molybdenum plasma is compared with experimental measurements and quite good agreement is *** present measurements provide an opportunity to test opacity models for complicated M-shell configurations.

关键词： molybdenum absorption configuration

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Differentially-grown cobalt regulators cooperatively involved in the tandem catalysis for high-yield production of second amines

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Nano research 2024年第4期17卷 2444-2450页

作者： Jinhui Xu Xiao Wang Ying Wang Fei Wang Lingling Zhang Wenjie Cui Shuyan Song Hongjie Zhang State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

One-pot tandem catalysis has been regarded as one of the most atomic economic ways to produce secondary amines,the important platform molecules for chemical synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacture,but it is facing serious issues in overall *** promotional effects are highly desired for boosting the activity and regulating the selectivity of conventional tandem *** this work,we report a high-performance tandem catalyst with maximized synergistic effect among each counterpart by preciously manipulating the spatial structure,which involves the active CeO_(2)/Pt component as kernel,the densely-coated N-doped C(NC)layer as selectivity controller,and the differentially-grown Co species as catalytic performance *** comprehensive investigations,the unique growth mechanism and the promotion effect of Co regulators are ***,the surface-landed Co clusters(Cocs)are crucial to selectivity by altering the adsorption configuration of benzylideneaniline ***,the inner Co particles(Cops)are essential for activity by denoting their electrons to neighboring *** from the unique promotion effect,a remarkably-improved catalytic efficiency(100%nitrobenzene conversion with 94%N-benzylaniline selectivity)is achieved at a relatively low temperature of 80℃,which is much better than that of CeO_(2)/Pt(100%nitrobenzene conversion with 12%N-benzylaniline selectivity)and CeO_(2)/Pt/NC(35%nitrobenzene conversion with 94%benzylideneaniline selectivity).

关键词： tandem catalysis CeO_(2) hierarchical structure heterogeneous catalyst dual-site materials

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A Low Complexity ML-Based Methods for Malware Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4833-4857页

作者： Mahmoud E.Farfoura Ahmad Alkhatib Deema Mohammed Alsekait Mohammad Alshinwan Sahar A.El-Rahman Didi Rosiyadi Diaa Salama Abd Elminaam Cybersecurity Department Al-Zaytoonah University of JordanAmman11733Jordan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Applied CollegePrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Faculty of Information Technology Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11931Jordan Computer Systems Program-Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering-ShoubraBenha UniversityCairo11629Egypt research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Cybersecurity Electronics and Informatics OrganizationNational Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)KST Samaun SamadikunBandung40135Republic of Indonesia Jadara research Center Jadara UniversityIrbid21110Jordan MEU research Unit Middle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan

The article describes a new method for malware classification,based on a Machine Learning(ML)model architecture specifically designed for malware detection,enabling real-time and accurate malware *** an innovative feature dimensionality reduction technique called the Interpolation-based Feature Dimensionality Reduction Technique(IFDRT),the authors have significantly reduced the feature space while retaining critical information necessary for malware *** technique optimizes the model’s performance and reduces computational *** proposed method is demonstrated by applying it to the BODMAS malware dataset,which contains 57,293 malware samples and 77,142 benign samples,each with a 2381-feature *** the IFDRT method,the dataset is transformed,reducing the number of features while maintaining essential data for accurate *** evaluation results show outstanding performance,with an F1 score of 0.984 and a high accuracy of 98.5%using only two reduced *** demonstrates the method’s ability to classify malware samples accurately while minimizing processing *** method allows for improving computational efficiency by reducing the feature space,which decreases the memory and time requirements for training and *** new method’s effectiveness is confirmed by the calculations,which indicate significant improvements in malware classification accuracy and *** research results enhance existing malware detection techniques and can be applied in various cybersecurity applications,including real-timemalware detection on resource-constrained *** and scientific contribution lie in the development of the IFDRT method,which provides a robust and efficient solution for feature reduction in ML-based malware classification,paving the way for more effective and scalable cybersecurity measures.

关键词： Malware detection ML-based models dimensionality reduction feature engineering

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High-efficiency Ce-modified ZSM-5 nanosheets for waste plastic upgrading

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Nano research 2024年第6期17卷 5645-5650页

作者： Xiaomei Wang Xueting Wu Meng Zhao Rui Zhang Zijian Wang Yuou Li Liangliang Zhang Xiao Wang Shuyan Song Hongjie Zhang State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Zeolite-based catalyst hydrocracking of plastics is a potential strategy for mitigating the environmental impacts of plastic wastes and recycling valuable resources,but difficult mass transfer,low concentration of acid sites,and high cost are still barriers to their practical *** this paper,we report an excellent hydrocracking catalyst of ZSM-5 nanosheets(Ce/b-ZSM-5)modified by Ce species with high conversion up to 96.3%,C_(3)−C_(5)selectivity up to 80.9%,and good stability during the hydrogenation of low-density *** comprehensive studies,b-ZSM-5 shows higher molecular diffusion efficiency and acid site concentrations compared with normal ZSM-5(n-ZSM-5)and hollow ZSM-5(h-ZSM-5).The introduction of Ce species into b-ZSM-5 further increases the density of Brønsted(B)and Lewis(L)acid sites as active sites,which enhances the adsorption of substrates and facilitates the formation of intermediates and desorption of *** a result,the hydrocracking activity of Ce/b-ZSM-5 is significantly improved.

关键词： rare earth zeolite plastic degradation catalytic hydrocracking morphology acidic site

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Strong Subgame Consistency of the Core in Stochastic Network Formation Games

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Journal of the Operations research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 189-213页

作者： Ping Sun Elena Parilina Faculty of applied Mathematics and Control Processes Saint Petersburg State UniversitySaint Petersburg199034Russia

We consider a model of network formation as a stochastic game with random duration proposed initially in Sun and Parilina(Autom Remote Control 82(6):1065–1082,2021).In the model,the leader first suggests a joint project to other players,i.e.,the network connecting ***,the players are allowed to form fresh links with each other updating the initially proposed *** stage payoff of any player is defined depending on the network *** are two types of randomness in the network formation process:(i)links may fail to be formed with different probabilities although players intend to establish them,(ii)the game process may terminate at any stage or transit to the next stage with a certain probability ***,a network is formed as a result of players’decisions and realization of random *** cooperative version of the stochastic game is *** particular,we examine the properties of subgame consistency as well as strong subgame consistency of the *** provide a payment mechanism or regularization of the core elements to sustain its subgame consistency and avoid the player’s deviations from the cooperative *** addition,the distribution procedure of the core elements is regularized in case there are negative payments to achieve only nonnegative payments to the players at any *** sufficient condition of a strongly subgame consistent core is also *** illustrate our theoretical results with a numerical example.

关键词： Stochastic game Network formation Core Strong subgame consistency

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