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Framework for fault-tolerant speed tracking control of gasoline engines using the first principle-based engine model

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Journal of Control and Decision 2023年第4期10卷 560-571页

作者： Raheel Anjum Ahmed Yar Ghulam Murtaza Qadeer Ahmed Aamer I.Bhatti Controls and Signal Processing research Group(CASPR) Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering College of E&MENational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan center for Automotive research The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Electrical Engineering Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

Optimal engine torque management,a fundamental objective,depends predominantly on engine speed tracking performance.It ensures to attain desired speed profile in the presence of uncertainties,disturbances and malfunctions.On the other hand,certain requirements such as emissions control,fuel efficiency and drivability are degraded in case of poorspeed tracking.Furthermore,constraints on engine speed tracking performance are even more stringent for hybrid power-train architecture as crankshaft speed and engine torque are the basic variables for coordinated control.Speed tracking is also considered essential for gearshift control ofthe automatic transmission.In this research work,a framework for fault-tolerant speed tracking of the gasoline engine is proposed using the First Principle-based Engine Model(FPEM).A high-fidelity direct relationship between fuel injection input and engine speed is derived by the transformation of FPEM.Fault is induced in the fuel injection subsystem to generate the torque imbalance.Using the proposed framework,a second-order sliding mode-based control technique is applied to track desired speed profile by mitigating the faultsin the fuel injection subsystem.Reference data acquired from the engine test rig is used to demonstrate the offline validity and fault tolerance capabilities of the proposed framework in MATLAB/Simulink.

关键词： Engine speed tracking fault-tolerant control gasoline engines sliding mode control

Green‑Solvent Processed Blade‑Coating Organic Solar Cells with an Efficiency Approaching 19%Enabled by Alkyl‑Tailored Acceptors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第12期15卷 449-462页

作者： Hairui Bai Ruijie Ma Wenyan Su Top Archie Dela Pea Tengfei Li Lingxiao Tang Jie Yang Bin Hu Yilin Wang Zhaozhao Bi Yueling Su Qi Wei Qiang Wu Yuwei Duan Yuxiang Li Jiaying Wu Zicheng Ding Xunfan Liao Yinjuan Huang Chao Gao Guanghao Lu Mingjie Li Weiguo Zhu Gang Li Qunping Fan Wei Ma State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China Jiangsu Engineering research center of Light‑Electricity‑Heat Energy‑Converting Materials and Applications School of Materials Science and EngineeringChangzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164People’s Republic of China Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education/National Engineering research center for Carbohydrate Synthesis Jiangxi Normal University99 Ziyang AvenueNanchang 330022People’s Republic of China Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Research Institute for Smart Energy(RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 999077Hong KongPeople’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054People’s Republic of China Department of applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 999077Hong KongPeople’s Republic of China Advanced Materials Thrust Function HubThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyNanshaGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119People’s Republic of China Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054People’s Republic of China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials State Key Laboratory of Fluorine&Nitrogen ChemicalsXi’an Modern Chemistry Research InstituteXi’an 710065People’s Republic of China

Power-conversion-efficiencies(PCEs)of organic solar cells(OSCs)in laboratory,normally processed by spin-coating technology with toxic halogenated solvents,have reached over 19%.However,there is usually a marked PCE drop when the bladecoating and/or green-solvents toward large-scale printing are used instead,which hampers the practical development of OSCs.Here,a new series of N-alkyl-tailored small molecule acceptors named YR-SeNF with a same molecular main backbone are developed by combining selenium-fused central-core and naphthalene-fused endgroup.Thanks to the N-alkyl engineering,NIR-absorbing YR-SeNF series show different crystallinity,packing patterns,and miscibility with polymeric donor.The studies exhibit that the molecular packing,crystallinity,and vertical distribution of active layer morphologies are well optimized by introducing newly designed guest acceptor associated with tailored N-alkyl chains,providing the improved charge transfer dynamics and stability for the PM6:L8-BO:YRSeNF-based OSCs.As a result,a record-high PCE approaching 19%is achieved in the blade-coating OSCs fabricated from a greensolvent o-xylene with high-boiling point.Notably,ternary OSCs offer robust operating stability under maximum-power-point tracking and well-keep>80%of the initial PCEs for even over 400 h.Our alkyl-tailored guest acceptor strategy provides a unique approach to develop green-solvent and blade-coating processed high-efficiency and operating stable OSCs,which paves a way for industrial development.

关键词： Alkyl-tailored guest acceptors Blade-coating Green solvent processing Stability Organic solar cells

Gas sensor using gold doped copper oxide nanostructured thin films as modified cladding fiber

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第6期30卷 698-702页

作者： Hussein T.Salloom Rushdi I.Jasim Nadir Fadhil Habubi Sami Salman Chiad M Jadan Jihad S.Addasi Al-Nahrain Nanorenewable Energy research Centre Al-Nahrain UniversityBaghdadIraq Department of Physics College of EducationMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdadIraq Department of Physics College of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia Basic and applied Scientific research center Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia Department of applied Physics College of ScienceTafila Technical UniversityTafila 66110Jordan

We investigate the spectral response of nanostructured copper oxides thin film. Gold was doped in two different concentrations(2% and 4%) using the spray method. A novel ammonia gas sensor at various concentrations(0–500 ppm)was fabricated by replacing CuO films with a clad region. In addition, the effect of gold doping on structural, optical,and morphological properties has been demonstrated. The study shows that the spectral intensity increases linearly with ammonia concentration. The 4% Au doped CuO presents higher sensitivity compared with 2% doped and pure copper oxides. Time response characteristics of the sensor are also reported.

关键词： nanostructured thin films gold-doped copper oxide gas sensors optical properties

Effect of pyrite content of feed and configuration of locked particles on rougher flotation of copper in low and high pyritic ore types

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第2期28卷 167-176页

作者： Sahar Agheli Ahmad Hassanzadeh Behzad Vaziri Hassas Mohammad Hasanzadeh Mining Engineering Department Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Faculty of Mines Mineral Processing Engineering Department Istanbul Technical University Department of Mineral Resources Engineering Montan University of Leoben College of Mines and Earth Science University of Utah Drug applied research center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Misreported pyrite into copper concentrates dramatically declines copper grade and recovery. Copper flotation can be also more complicated if flotation feed comes from an elevated-pyritic copper ore. In this investigation, the effect of two different ore types(high pyritic and low pyritic feeds) was studied on rougher stage of industrial copper flotation circuit. Samples were taken from different streams and the structure of chalcopyrite within the pyrite and non-sulfide gangue minerals was examined in various size fractions for mentioned ore types. Results indicated that 72% and 56% of the total floated pyrite was transferred to concentrate in first four cells in the low and high pyritic feeds, respectively. Whereas, this proportion for floated SiO_2 in last ten cells was detected as 72% and 71%, respectively. A detailed interpretation of the effect of locked particles in different size fractions on rougher flotation cells is studied from industrial point of view.

关键词： Liberation degree High pyritic feed Pyrite Froth flotation Chalcopyrite

Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and protection against reinfection in rats

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Zoological research 2022年第6期43卷 945-948页

作者： Dandan Yu Yanghaopeng Long Ling Xu Jian-Bao Han Jiawei Xi Jianlin Xu Lu-Xiu Yang Xiao-Li Feng Qing-Cui Zou Wang Qu Jiangwei Lin Ming-Hua Li Yong-Gang Yao Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China Kunming National High-Level Biosafety research center for Non-Human Primates Center for Biosafety Mega-ScienceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650107China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China

DEAR EDITOR,The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) pandemic remains an important global public health issue. In this study, we unexpectedly found that wildtype Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats can be infected with the SARS-CoV-2 prototype. Our results showed direct experimental evidence of the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, subsequent pathogenicity, and protection against reinfection in rats.

关键词： infection rats acute

Photon counting reconstructive spectrometer combining metasurfaces and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors

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Photonics research 2023年第2期11卷 234-244页

作者： JINGYUAN ZHENG YOU XIAO MINGZHONG HU YUCHEN ZHAO HAO LI LIXING YOU XUE FENG FANG LIU KAIYU CUI YIDONG HUANG WEI ZHANG Beijing National research center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) Department of Electronic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China Frontier Science center for Quantum Information Beijing 100084China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China

Faint light spectroscopy has many important applications such as fluorescence spectroscopy, lidar, and astronomical observations. However, the long measurement time limits its application to real-time measurement.In this work, a photon counting reconstructive spectrometer combining metasurfaces and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors is proposed. A prototype device was fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator substrate,and its performance was characterized. Experiment results show that this device supports spectral reconstruction of mono-color lights with a resolution of 2 nm in the wavelength region of 1500–1600 nm. Its detection efficiency is 1.4%–3.2% in this wavelength region. The measurement time required by the photon counting reconstructive spectrometer was also investigated experimentally, showing its potential to be applied in scenarios requiring real-time measurement.

关键词： measurement. constructive photon

Hyperbolic metamaterials: fusing artificial structures to natural 2D materials

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eLight 2022年第1期2卷 1-23页

作者： Dasol Lee Sunae So Guangwei Hu Minkyung Kim Trevon Badloe Hanlyun Cho Jaekyung Kim Hongyoon Kim Cheng‑Wei Qiu Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of biomedical Engineering Yonsei UniversityWonju 26493Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence research center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea.

Optical metamaterials have presented an innovative method of manipulating light.Hyperbolic metamaterials have an extremely high anisotropy with a hyperbolic dispersion relation.They are able to support high-k modes and exhibit a high density of states which produce distinctive properties that have been exploited in various applications,such as super-resolution imaging,negative refraction,and enhanced emission control.Here,state-of-the-art hyperbolic metamaterials are reviewed,starting from the fundamental principles to applications of artificially structured hyperbolic media to suggest ways to fuse natural two-dimensional hyperbolic materials.The review concludes by indicating the current challenges and our vision for future applications of hyperbolic metamaterials.

关键词： Hyperbolic metamaterials High resolution optical imaging Nanoscale lithography Light propagation and manipulation Spontaneous emission engineering Natural 2D materials

Dynamic Proteome Changes of Shigella flexneri 2a During Transition from Exponential Growth to Stationary Phase

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2007年第2期5卷 111-120页

作者： Li Zhu Xian-Kai Liu Ge Zhao Yi-Dan Zhi Xin Bu Tian-Yi Ying Er-Ling Feng Jie Wang Xue-Min Zhang Pei-Tang Huang Heng-Liang Wang State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing 100071 China National center of biomedical Analysis Beijing 100850 China

Shigella flexneri is an infectious pathogen that causes dysentery to human, which remains a serious threat to public health, particularly in developing countries. In this study, the global protein expression patterns of S. flexneri during transition from exponential growth to stationary phase in vitro were analyzed by using 2-D PAGE combined with MALDI-TOF MS. In a time-course experiment with five time points, the relative abundance of 49 protein spots varied significantly. Interestingly, a putative outer membrane protein YciD （OmpW） was almost not detected in the exponential growth phase but became one of the most abundant proteins in the whole stationary-phase proteome. Some proteins regulated by the global regulator FNR were also significantly induced （such as AnsB, AspA, FrdAB, and KatG） or repressed （such as AceEF, OmpX, SodA, and SucAB） during the growth phase transition. These proteins may be the key effectors of the bacterial cell cycle or play important roles in the cellular maintenance and stress responses. Our expression profile data provide valuable information for the study of bacterial physiology and form the basis for future proteomic analyses of this pathogen.

关键词： Shigella flexneri proteomics growth phase

Plant diversity is coupled with soil fungal diversity in a natural temperate steppe of northeastern China

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Soil Ecology Letters 2022年第4期4卷 454-469页

作者： Dan Liu Guohua Liu Li Chen Wangya Han Dongbo Wang Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Torch High Technology Industry Development center Ministry of Science&TechnologyBeijing 100049China Institute of Ecology School of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Monitoring Station for Eco-environment of Hulunbeir Hulunbeir 021000China

Soil fungi and aboveground plant play vital functions in terrestrial ecosystems,while the relationship between aboveground plant diversity and the unseen soil fungal diversity remains unclear.We established 6 sites from the west to the east of the temperate steppe that vary in plant diversity(plant species richness:7-32)to explore the relationship between soil fungal diversity and aboveground plant diversity.Soil fungal community was characterized by applying 18S rRNA gene sequencing using MiSeq PE300 and aligned with Silva 132 database.As a result,soil fungal community was predominately composed of species within the Ascomycota(84.36%),Basidiomycota(7.22%)and Mucoromycota(6.44%).Plant species richness occupied the largest explanatory power in structuring soil fungal community(19.05%–19.78%).The alpha(α)diversity of the whole soil fungi and Ascomycota showed a hump-backed pattern with increasing plant species richness,and the beta(β)diversity of the whole soil fungi and Ascomycota increased with increasing plantβdiversity.Those results indicated that soil fungi and external resources were well balanced at the 20-species level of plant and the sites were more distinct in the composition of their plant communities also harbored more distinct soil fungal communities.Thus,plant diversity could predict both soil fungalαandβdiversity in the temperate steppe of northeastern China.

关键词： Temperate steppe Sequencing Plant diversity Soil fungal diversity