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Identifying Treatment and healthcare Seeking Behavior as a Means of Early HIV/AIDS Intervention in Africa

World Journal of AIDS 2012年第3期2卷 165-173页

作者： Henry Fomundam Abraham Tesfay Andrew Maranga Lucia Chanetsa Vieira Muzoola Frederick Oyaro Howard University HIV and AIDS Pharmaceutical Care Program Dar es Salaam Tanzania Howard University HIV and AIDS Pharmaceutical Care Program Kigali Rwanda Howard University HIV and AIDS Pharmaceutical Care Program Regional Office Pretoria South Africa oward University HIV and AIDS Pharmaceutical Care Program East Africa-Nairobi Kenya Office Nairobi Kenya

Background: Late diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and delayed commencement of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa is known to contribute to high morbidity and mortality. It is therefore, prudent to develop innovative approaches to ensure early HIV diagnosis because patients with low immunity will usually develop opportunistic infections and seek some remedial action. A treatment and health care seeking behavior survey was carried out in semi-urban communities in Malaba and Busia in Kenya and Uganda to evaluate the treatment and healthcare seeking behavior among patients visiting randomly selected drugstores. Methodology: Random sampling was applied and questionnaires were used to collect information from 165 interviewees who visited drugstores seeking health information, treatment and other health related services. Results: The results indicated that among this group of people, 67% visited drugstores before any other health facility. 72.2% sought treatment for various illnesses and services ranging from headaches, body fever, gastro-intestinal disturbances, family planning pills, sexually transmitted infections and chronic medications. Among the patients interviewed, there were a number of factors that affected treatment choice. These included the distance to the facility as well as the absence of a consultation fee or fee for service. Conclusion: With proper support, drugstores can play a major role in the implementation of health interventions that seek to promote early diagnosis and treatment as well as play a pivotal role in educating the population on disease prevention and management. In Sub-Saharan Africa, drugstores can play a major role in HIV and AIDS interventions where most patients seek medical intervention for opportunistic infection.

关键词： Treatment and Health Seeking Behavior Drug Stores

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What are the barriers to implementing nurse practitioners’ role in health settings?

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TMR Integrative Nursing 2020年第6期4卷 190-205页

作者： Noora Al Soqair Nursing Research Department Regional Nursing Administration in Alhassa RegionMinistry Of HealthSaudi Arabia

Background:Nurse practitioners can assist the healthcare system by administering care to patients with medical or complex or chronic conditions by providing medical and nursing care in an expanded scope of ***,there are barriers that influence the implementation of nurse practitioners'role in health *** among systemic or organization levels have impeded nurse practitioners'role *** 10 studies included in this integrative review are critically explained based on the relevant information categorised into three themes:a lack of clarity regarding nurse practitioners'role,fees for service physician remuneration and resistance from other health *** 10 studies included in this integrative review reveal barriers to nurse practitioners'role implementation in health ***:The aim of this integrative literature review is to identify the barriers to implement the nurse practitioners'***,the following research question is posed:"What are the barriers to implementing the nurse practitioners'role in health settings?".Methods:An integrative review of the medical and nursing research literature has been conducted using a systemic search accessing CINAHL,Medline,Scopus and PubMed *** identified 287 articles have been narrowed to 10 articles based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.A limitation search was applied at the beginning of the search phase to assist in identifying the range and type of studies potentially available for *** srearch was limited to human,peer reviewed and full text articles available in English language without a date limitation to obtain a large number of avilable studies that were relevant to the ***:The literature search resulted in 10 primary studies that met the inclusion *** studies included in this integrative review reveal barriers to nurse practitioners'role implementation in health *** studies found three barrier

关键词： Nurse practitioner Advance nurse practice Role Barrier

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Preferred practice guidelines for retinopathy of prematurity screening during the COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2022年第3期11卷 215-220页

作者： Anand Vinekar Rajvardhan Azad Mangat Ram Dogra Subhadra Jalali Pramod Bhende Parijat Chandra Narendran Venkatapathy Sucheta Kulkarni Pediatric Retina Narayana Nethralaya Eye InstituteBangalore 560010India Department of Ophthalmology Regional Institute of OphthalmologyIGIMSPatna 800014India Department of Ophthalmology Grewal Eye InstituteChandigarh 160009India Department of Retina LV Prasad Eye InstituteHyderabad 500034India Department of Retina Sankara NethralayaChennai 600006India Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110023India Department of Retina Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014India Department of Ophthalmology H.V.Desai Eye HospitalPune 411028India

Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)is the leading cause of preventable infant blindness in the world and predominantly affects babies who are born low birth weight and *** has the largest number of surviving preterm births born *** blindness can be largely prevented if there is a robust screening program which detects treatment requiring disease in *** treatment must be provided within 48 h of reaching this threshold of treatment making it a relative *** the severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in 2020 ROP screening was disrupted throughout the world due to lockdowns and restriction of movement of these infants,their families,specialists and healthcare *** Indian ROP Society issued guidelines for ROP screening and treatment in March 2020,which was aimed at preserving the chain-of-care despite the potential limitations and hazards during the(ongoing)*** preferred practice guideline is summarized in this manuscript.

关键词： Retinopathy of prematurity Screening Preferred practice COVID-19 Pandemic Indian retinopathy of prematurity society

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Association and prognostic significance of alpha-L-fucosidase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第2期14卷 498-510页

作者： Xiang-Yang Yu Sheng-Cheng Lin Meng-Qi Zhang Xiao-Tong Guo Kai Ma Li-Xu Wang Wen-Ting Huang Zhe Wang Xin Yu Chun-Guang Wang Lan-Jun Zhang Zhen-Tao Yu Department of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital&Shenzhen HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeShenzhen 518116Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalShenzhen 518038Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Pathology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital&Shenzhen HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeShenzhen 518116Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Thoracic Surgery Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Alpha-L-fucosidase-1(FUCA1)has been demonstrated to play opposing regulatory roles in adenocarcinoma and ***,recent studies reported that FUCA1 could decrease the invasion capability by downregulating matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9)***,the potential role and prognostic significance of FUCA1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)have not yet been *** To evaluate the status,association,and prognostic value of FUCA1 and MMP-9 expression in *** Patients who underwent esophagectomy for ESCC between January 1,2014,and December 31,2014 at Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center were *** expression status of FUCA1 and MMP-9 in cancerous tissues was detected using *** addition,the expression profiles of the FUCA1 and MMP-9 genes in non-metastatic ESCC were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)*** High expression of FUCA1 and MMP-9 was found in 90 patients(75.6%)and 62 patients(52.1%),*** the high FUCA1 expression group,the constituent ratios of patients with stage III disease(61.1%vs 37.9%,P=0.029),lymphatic invasion(62.2%vs 31.0%,P=0.003),and high MMP-9 expression(60.0%vs 27.6%,P=0.002)were significantly higher than those in the low FUCA1 expression *** Kaplan-Meier univariate analysis,advanced tumor-nodemetastasis stage(III,P=0.001),positive regional lymph node metastasis(N+,P=0.002),high FUCA1 expression(P=0.001),and high MMP-9 expression(P=0.002)were potential predictors of shorter overall survival(OS),which was similar to the results analyzed based on the TCGA *** Cox multivariate regression analyses still demonstrated that FUCA1 and MMP-9 expression levels were independent prognostic factors of OS[hazard ratio(HR):0.484,95%confidence interval(CI):0.239-0.979;P=0.044;and HR:0.591,95%CI:0.359-0.973,P=0.039,respectively].CONCLUSION FUCA1 cooperation with MMP-9 may have a major role in affecting the ESCC invasion and metasta

关键词： Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Alpha-L-fucosidase-1 Matrix metalloproteinase-9 Immunohistochemistry

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A brief history of the Rheic Ocean

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Geoscience Frontiers 2012年第2期3卷 125-135页

作者： R.Damian Nance Gabriel Gutirrez-Alonso J.Duncan Keppie Ulf Linnemann J.Brendan Murphy Cecilio Quesada Rob A.Strachan Nigel H.Woodcock Department of Geological Sciences 316 Clippinger Laboratories Ohio University Departamento de Geología Universidad de Salamanca 33708 Salamanca Departamento de Geología regional Instituto de Geología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mxico Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden Museum fur Mineralogie und Geologie Konigsbrucker Landstra βe 159D-01109 DresdenGermany Department of Earth Sciences St.Francis Xavier University Instituto Geolóogico y Minero de Espaa Ríos Rosas 2328003 MadridSpain School of Earth & Environmental Sciences University of Portsmouth Department of Earth Sciences University of Cambridge Downing StreetCambridge CB2 3EQUK

The Rheic Ocean was one of the most important oceans of the Paleozoic Era. It lay between Laurentia and Gondwana from the Early Ordovician and closed to produce the vast Ouachita- Alleghanian-Variscan orogen during the assembly of Pangea. Rifting began in the Cambrian as a continua- tion of Neoproterozoic orogenic activity and the ocean opened in the Early Ordovician with the separation of several Neoproterozoic arc terranes from the continental margin of northern Gondwana along the line of a former suture. The rapid rate of ocean opening suggests it was driven by slab pull in the outboard Iapetus Ocean. The ocean reached its greatest width with the closure of Iapetus and the accretion of the peri- Gondwanan arc terranes to Laurentia in the Silurian. Ocean closure began in the Devonian and continued through the Mississippian as Gondwana sutured to Laurussia to form Pangea. The ocean consequently plays a dominant role in the appalachian-Ouachita orogeny of North America, in the basement geology of southern Europe, and in the Paleozoic sedimentary, structural and tectonothermal record from Middle America to the Middle East. Its closure brought the Paleozoic Era to an end.

关键词： Rheic Ocean Variscan-Alleghanian-Ouachita orogen Pangea North America Europe

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Characterization of Potential Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated in High-Risk Infectious Services at the University Hospital Center of Suru-Léréin Benin

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Advances in Microbiology 2021年第1期11卷 1-15页

作者： Cyriaque Dégbey Rosine Olga Quenum Wassiyath Mousse Haziz Sina Akim Socohou Eric Hounsinou Lamine Baba-Moussa Honoré Bankolé regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin University Clinic of Hospital Hygiene National Hospital and University Center Hubert Koutoukou MAGA Cotonou Benin Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Abomey-Calavi Benin University Hospital Center of Suru-Léré Cotonou Benin

healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) remain a major public health concern. The aim of this study was to characterize potential pathogenic bacteria isolated in high-risk infectious services at the University Hospital Center of Suru-Léré in Benin. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out on 215 samples with 8 air samples, 20 hand samples and 187 samples of medical-technical material. Genes for resistance to β-lactam antibiotics (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M and blaOXA-1) were sought. The data were processed and analyzed using EPI Info version 3.5.4 software. A total of 10 bacterial species were identified. Of the 319 bacterial strains identified, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were predominant at 20.06%, 17.87% and 11.28% respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility showed that the majority of bacterial strains were multidrug-resistant. Of the 4 resistance genes sought, only the blaTEM and blaSHV genes were found. The poor microbiological quality observed in high-risk infectious services could be a risk factor for healthcare-associated infections. It is therefore useful to implement preventive measures in order to prevent or reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections.

关键词： Bacteria Infection Risk Factors Benin

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Australian children living with rare diseases:health service use and barriers to accessing care

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第7期19卷 701-709页

作者： Suzy Teutsch Yvonne Zurynski Guy DEslick Marie Deverell John Christodoulou Helen Leonard Troy Dalkeith Sandra LJJohnson Elizabeth JElliott Faculty of Medicine and Health Discipline of Child and Adolescent HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustraliaAustralian Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit Kids ResearchSydney Children's Hospitals NetworkWestmeadNSWAustralia Australian Institute of Health Innovation Center for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Scienceand NHMRC Partnership Centre in Health System SustainabilityMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustraliaFaculty of Medicine and HealthDiscipline of Child and Adolescent HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Government Department of Health Western Australia PerthWAAustralia Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVICAustralia Department of Paediatrics The University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western AustraliaNedlandsWAAustralia Genetic Metabolic Disorders Service Sydney Children's Hospitals NetworkWestmeadNSWAustralia

Background Children with rare diseases experience challenges at home and school and frequently require multi-disciplinary *** aimed to determine health service utilization by Australian children with rare diseases and barriers to access-ing *** Parents completed an online survey on health professional and emergency department(ED)presentations,hospi-talization,and barriers to accessing *** barriers to service access included residential location(city,regional,remote)and child health-related functioning,determined using a validated,parent-completed measure-of-function *** Parents of 462 children with over 240 rare diseases completed the *** with the general population,these children were more likely to be hospitalized[odds ratio(OR)=17.25,95%confidence interval(CI)=15.50-19.20]and present to the ED(OR=4.15,95%CI=3.68-4.68)or a family physician(OR=4.14,95%CI=3.72-4.60).Child functional impairment was nil/mild(31%),moderate(48%)or severe(22%).Compared to children with nil/mild impair-ment,those with severe impairment were more likely to be hospitalized(OR=13.39,95%CI=7.65-23.44)and present to the ED(OR=11.16,95%CI=6.46-19.27).Most children(75%)lived in major cities,but children from regional(OR=2.78,95%CI=1.72-4.55)and remote areas(OR=9.09,95%CI=3.03-25.00)experienced significantly more barriers to healthcare access than children from major *** included distance to travel,out-of-pocket costs,and lack of specialist medical and other health *** Children with rare diseases,especially those with severe functional impairment have an enormous impact on health services,and better integrated multidisciplinary services with patient-centered care are *** must be improved for children living in rural and remote settings.

关键词： Access Health functioning Health service use Rare diseases

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Women’s Motivation and Associated Factors for Herbal Medicine Use during Pregnancy and Childbirth: A Systematic Review

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Health 2020年第6期12卷 572-597页

作者： Joshua Sumankuuro Christabel Soyen Judith Crockett Muslim Ibrahim Frederick Ngmenkpieo Joseph K. Wulifan School of Community Health Faculty of Science Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga Australia Public Health Unit Nadowli District Hospital Ghana Health Service Nadowli Ghana Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Upper West Regional Hospital Ghana Health Service Wa Ghana Department of Education SD Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies Wa Ghana Department of Management Studies School of Business and Law SD Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies Wa Ghana

Background: Herbal medicines use has prevailed over the past decades in both low-middle-income and high-income countries over the years. The use among women has increased with increased risks of ill-health. There is extensive literature on herbal medicine use among women in pre/pregnancy, labour, and the postpartum periods. Therefore, this study aimed to understand women’s purposes, experiences, and motivation for using herbal medicines during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum, and the experiences associated with the use. Methods: Four critical databases were predetermined and searched: CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science, and EMBASE. These databases were chosen for their comprehensiveness and relevance to the review aims. We considered peer-reviewed published articles from January 2000 to December 2018. We chose these databases because we found that they are dominant in the medical and healthcare-related literature. All references were pooled to Endnote reference management software for screening. Quality appraisal of articles was conducted using the Mixed-Method Assessment Tool (MMAT). Content analysis approach was used to extra the data from the articles. Globally, twenty-one articles met the inclusion criteria, and thus, formed the dataset for this review. Results: Most articles (n = 10, 47.6%) reported solely HM uses on only pregnancy whiles the rest evaluated HM uses in labour, pre-pregnancy, and the postpartum periods. The results have shown that the majority of women received information about HM from friends, family, the “black markets,” and drug outlets. Overall, the results were presented in seven broad themes: 1) sociodemographic characteristics of HM users, 2) perceived threat of health problem, 3) sources and quality of the information received, 4) susceptibility to health complications, 5) potential limitations to the use of HM, 6) the motivation for HM utilization, 7

关键词： Herbal Medicine Pregnancy and Childbirth Maternal Outcomes Obstetric Complications Women’s and Newborn Health

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Exploring social movement concepts and actions in a knowledge uptake and sustainability context: A concept analysis

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2022年第4期9卷 411-421页

作者： Doris Grinspun Katherine Wallace Shelly-Anne Li Susan McNeill Janet Elaine Squires Jesús Bujalance Maryanne D’Arpino Gina De Souza Nataly Farshait John Gabbay Ian D.Graham Alison Hutchinson Kim Kinder Celia Laur Tina Mah Julia E.Moore Jennifer Plant Jodi Ploquin P.Jim A.Ruiter Daphney St-Germain Margie Sills-Maerov May Tao Marita Titler Junqiang Zhao Registered Nurses’Association of Ontario TorontoCanada Lawrence S.Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing University of TorontoTorontoCanada School of Nursing University of OttawaOttawaCanada Ottawa Hospital Research Institute OttawaCanada regional University Hospital of Malaga MalagaSpain healthcare Excellence Canada OttawaCanada HIROC TorontoCanada University of Southampton SouthamptonEnglandUK Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine University of OttawaOttawaCanada School of Nursing and Midwifery Deakin University AustraliaVictoriaAustralia Women’s College Hospital Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care(WIHV) TorontoCanada Institute for Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging WaterlooCanada The Center for Implementation TorontoCanada Queensway Carleton Hospital OttawaCanada Alberta Health Services EdmontonCanada Salus Global(retired) LondonCanada Laval University Pavilion Ferdinand-Vandry Quebec CityCanada Thought Architects EdmontonCanada Toronto Public Health TorontoCanada School of Nursing University of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States

Objectives:To share a concept analysis of social movement aimed at advancing its application to evidence uptake and sustainability in ***:We applied Walker and Avant method to clarify the concept of social movement in the context of knowledge uptake and ***-reviewed and grey literature databases were systematically searched for relevant reports that described how social movement action led to evidence-based practice changes in health and community ***,abstracts and full texts were reviewed independently and in duplicate,resulting in 38 included ***:Social movement action for knowledge uptake and sustainability can be defined as individuals,groups,or organizations that,as voluntary and intrinsically motivated change agents,mobilize around a common cause to improve outcomes through knowledge uptake and *** 10 defining attributes,three antecedents and three consequences that we identified are dynamic and interrelated,often mutually reinforcing each other to fortify various aspects of the social *** of defining attributes include an urgent need for action,collective action and collective *** concept analysis resulted in the development of the Social Movement Action ***:Social movement action can provide a lens through which we view implementation *** action and collective identity e concepts less frequently canvassed in implementation science literature e can lend insight into grassroots approaches to uptake and *** can also inform providers and change leaders on the practicalities of harnessing social movement action for realworld change *** mobilizing individuals,groups,or organizations through social movement approaches,they can engage as powered change agents and teams that impact the individual,organizational and health systems levels to facilitate knowledge uptake and sustainability.

关键词： Collective action Collective identity Grassroots Implementation science Knowledge-to-action Mobilization Social movement action

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First imported Plasmodium ovale malaria in Central America: Case report of a Guatemalan soldier and a call to improve its accurate diagnosis

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2014年第4期29卷 244-247页

作者： María Eugenia Castellanos Sheilee Díaz Emily Parsons Leonard F Peruski Fabiola Enríquez Juan Luis Ramírez Norma Padilla Center for Health Studies-Universidad del Valle de Guatemala (CES-UVG).18 Av.11-95 zona 15Vista Hermosa IIIGuatemalaGuatemala National Reference Laboratory Ministry of Health and Welfare.Km.22Carretera al Pacíi coBarcenasVilla NuevaGuatemalaC.A.GuatemalaGuatemala F.Edward Hebert School of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences.4301 Jones Bridge RoadBethesdaMaryland 20814USA Global Disease Detection Program Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Central America Regional Office.1600 Clifton Road NEMS-D68AtlantaGeorgia 30333USA Military healthcare and Social Services Ministry of DefenseGuatemalaGuatemala.Finca El PalomarAcatanSta.Rosita Zona 16GuatemalaGuatemala Military Medical Center Ministry of DefenseGuatemalaGuatemala.Finca El PalomarAcatanSta.Rosita Zona 16GuatemalaGuatemala

The Mesoamerican Ministers of Health have set 2020 as the target for malaria elimination to be achieved in the region. Imported malaria cases are a potential threat to countries attempting elimination or working to prevent resurgence. We report the first imported Plasmodium ovale infection with molecular confirmation in Central America, which occurred in a Guatemalan soldier that had been deployed in Africa. The obstacles for its diagnosis using the standard microscopy technique and the need to improve its detection are discussed.

关键词： Plasmodium ovale Imported malaria Diagnosis

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