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Mycotoxin binder improves growth rate in piglets associated with reduction of toll-like receptor-4 and increase of tight junction protein gene expression in gut mucosa

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 351-360页

作者： Linghong Jin Wei Wang Jeroen Degroote Noémie Van Noten Honglin Yan Maryam Majdeddin Mario Van Poucke Luc Peelman Anne Goderis Kurt Van De Mierop Ronny Mombaerts Stefaan De Smet Joris Michiels Department of Applied Biosciences Ghent University Laboratory for animal Nutrition and animal Product quality Department of Animal Production Ghent University Department of Nutrition Genetics and EthologyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Nutrex

Background: Deoxynivalenol(DON) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species in the field, commonly found in cereal grains, which negatively affects performances and health of animals. Mycotoxin binders are supposed to reduce the toxicity of ***: The effect of a mycotoxin binder(containing acid-activated bentonite, clinoptilolite, yeast cell walls and organic acids) on growth performance and gut health was studied. Hundred and twenty weaning piglets were allocated to 4 treatments, with 5 pens of 6 piglets each, arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design: control diet; control diet with 1 kg/t binder; control diet with DON; and control diet with DON and 1 kg/t binder. From d0–14,the diet of DON-challenged groups was artificially contaminated with a mixture of DON(2.6 mg/kg), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol(0.1 mg/kg) and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol(0.3 mg/kg), after which the total contamination level was reduced to 1 mg/kg, until d37. On d14, one pig from each pen was euthanized and distal small intestinal mucosa samples were collected for the assessment of intestinal permeability, and gene expression of tight junction proteins, toll-like receptor 4, inflammatory cytokines and intestinal alkaline ***: After 37 d, there were no differences in growth performance between control and DON-challenged groups(P > 0.05). Nevertheless, groups that received diets with binder had a significantly higher average daily gain(ADG) and average daily feed intake(ADFI) for the first 14 d as well as for the whole period, compared to groups without binder(P ≤ 0.05). Groups with binder in the diet also exhibited lower expression of toll-like receptor 4 in distal small intestinal mucosa at d14, compared to groups without binder(P ≤ 0.05). Interestingly, comparing the two DON treatments, piglets fed DON and binder had significantly higher ADFI and ADG compared to those with only DON for the first 14-d(P ≤ 0.05). Addition of binder to DON contaminated diets, also down-regulated th

关键词： Binder Deoxynivalenol Gut barrier Gut health Mycotoxin Pigs

Comparing Studies on the General Egg Qualities and Mineral Element Contents of Different Layers

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animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2013年第4期5卷 185-188页

作者： TANG Xiu-jun GE Qing-lian LU Jun-xian TANG Meng-jun SHI Zu-hao PU Jun-hua ZHANG Xiao-yan GAO Yu-shi Institute of poultry Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQuality Inspection Center for Poultry ProductsMinistry of Agriculture

[Objective]In order to compare the general egg qualities and mineral element contents of different layers,six commercial breeds in brown shell layer,including Lohmann,Jinghong,Hyline,Xinyang,Hisax,ISA,Suqing green shell layer and Wenchang chicken were used as *** general egg quality traits and mineral elements contents of eight breeds at 43 weeks old were mensurated.[Result] There were significant differences in general egg qualities（except yolk weight）of eight *** the mineral element contents,the differences were significant only in P,Mn and Se of some breeds in this experiment.[Conclusion]The results in this study could provide the reference for further researcher,layer producers,nutritionists,consumers and so on.

关键词： Layer General egg qualities Mineral elements

Repeated inoculation with rumen fluid accelerates the rumen bacterial transition with no benefit on production performance in postpartum Holstein dairy cows

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 795-811页

作者： Fanlin Kong Feiran Wang Yijia Zhang Shuo Wang Wei Wang Shengli Li Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk quality and Safety control State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionDepartment of Animal Nutrition and Feed ScienceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193PR China College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095PR China

Background The dairy cow’s postpartum period is characterized by dramatic physiological changes,therefore imposing severe challenges on the animal for maintaining health and milk *** dynamics of the ruminal microbiota are also tremendous and may play a crucial role in lactation *** aim to investigate the potential benefits of early microbial intervention by fresh rumen microbiota transplantation(RMT)and sterile RMT in postpartum dairy *** fistulated peak-lactation dairy cows were selected to be the donors for rumen fluid *** postpartum cows were divided into 3 groups as the transplantation receptors respectively receiving 10 L fresh rumen fluid(FR),10 L sterile rumen fluid(SR),or 10 L saline(CON)during 3 d after *** Production performance,plasma indices,plasma lipidome,ruminal microbiome,and liver transcriptome were *** fresh and sterile RMT,we found that the molar proportion of propionic acid was increased on d 7 in the FR and SR groups and the bacterial composition was also significantly changed when compared with the CON group.A similarity analysis showed that the similarities between the CON group and FR or SR group on d 7 were 48.40%or 47.85%,whereas the similarities between microbiota on d 7 and 21 in the FR and SR groups were 68.34%or 66.85%.Dry matter intake and feed efficiency were not affected by ***β-hydroxybutyrate concentration in the FR group was decreased and significantly different lipids mainly included phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine containing polyunsaturated fatty *** transcriptomics analysis indicated acutephase response pathways were upregulated in the SR *** Our study suggests that RMT can shorten the transition process of the ruminal microbiota of postpartum dairy cows with no benefit on dry matter intake or feed *** with rumen fluid may not be a useful approach to promote the recovery of postpartum dairy cows.

关键词： Dairy cow Lipidomics Liver Rumen microbiota transplantation Transition period

Uterine inflammation status modulates eggshell mineralization via calcium transport and matrix protein synthesis in laying hens

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animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 411-425页

作者： Jia Feng Mingyuan Lu Lingling Ma Haijun Zhang Shugeng Wu Kai Qiu Yuna Min Guanghai Qi Jing Wang Laboratory of quality&Safety Risk Assessment for animal products on Feed Hazards(Beijing)of the Ministry of Agriculture&Rural Affairs Institute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesBeijing100081China College of animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China

This study explored the effects of uterine inflammation on eggshell mineralization,ultrastructure and mechanical properties in laying hens modified by a lipopolysaccharide(LPS)challenge or dietary essential oil(EO)*** trial 1,a total of 72 Hy-line Brown layers at 36 wk of age were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups(n=8),where they were intravenously injected with phosphate buffered saline,LPS at 1 mg/kg body weight,or LPS 3 times at 24-h *** trial 2,a total of 288 Hy-line Brown layers at 60 wk of age were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=8),where they were fed basal diets supplemented with EO at 0,50,100 and 200 mg/kg for 12 wk.A uterine inflammation model was constructed with LPS treatment,indicated by the elevated expression of IL-1β and TNF-α(P<0.05)and lymphocyte *** inflammation caused remarkable decreases in eggshell thickness and mechanical properties with structure deteriorations(P<0.05).Uterine inflammation stimulated the expression of matrix proteins ovotransferrin(TF)and ovalbumin(OVAL),while depressing the mRNA levels of calbindin-1(CALB1)and osteopontin in uterine mucosa(P<0.05).In contrast,EO addition alleviated uterine inflammation,evidenced by depressed levels of IL-1b and IL-6(P<0.05).There was a significant elevation in shell thickness and breaking strength following EO intervention(P<0.05),and these effects were maximized at addition of 100 mg/***,EO improved shell ultrastructure including more early fusion,less type B mammillae,and increased effective thickness(P<0.05).The alleviated inflammation decreased the expression of OVAL and TF,whereas ion transport genes like CALB1 and solute carrier family 26 member 9 were upregulated(P<0.05).Our findings suggest that inflam-matory status can impact uterine functions in calcium transport and the synthesis of matrix proteins especially such as OVAL and TF,which in turn modulates calcium precipitation and ultrastructure for-mation,thereby determining eggshell

关键词： Uterine inflammation Eggshell ultrastructure Mechanical property Laying hen Lipopolysaccharide challenge Essential oil

Gossypol detoxification in the rumen and Helicoverpa armigera larvae:A review

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animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 967-972页

作者： Wei-Kang Wang Hong-Jian Yang Yan-Lu Wang Kai-Lun Yang Lin-Shu Jiang Sheng-Li Li State Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk quality and Safety control College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China College of animal Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumuqi830052China College of animal Science and Technology Beijing University of AgricultureBeijing102206China

Gossypol,a phenolic compound found in the cotton plant,is widely distributed in cottonseed *** ruminant animals are believed to be more tolerant of gossypol toxicity than monogastric animals due to rumen microbial fermentation,the actual mechanisms of detoxification remain *** contrast,the metabolic detoxification of gossypol by Helicoverpa armigera(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)larvae has achieved great *** present review discusses the clinical signs of go ssypol in ruminant animals,as well as summarizing advances in the study of gossypol detoxification in the *** also examines the regulatory roles of several key enzymes in gossypol detoxification and transformation known in *** the rapid development of modern molecular biotechnology and-omics technology strategies,evidence increasingly indicates that research into the biological degradation of gossypol in *** larvae and some microbes,in terms of these key enzymes,could provide scientific insights that would underpin future work on microbial gossypol detoxification in the rumen,with the ultimate aim of further alleviating gossypol toxicity in ruminant animals.

关键词： Detoxification Gossypol Helicoverpa armigera Rumen

Dietary betaine activates hepatic VTGⅡexpression in laying hens associated with hypomethylation of GR gene promoter and enhanced GR expression

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 381-390页

作者： Nagmeldin A.Omer Yun Hu Yan Hu Abdulrahman A.Idriss Halima Abobaker Zhen Hou Haibo Dong Ruqian Zhao MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of animal Health&Food Safety Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of animal Physiology&Biochemistry Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095People’s Republic of China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing Quality and Safety ControlNanjing 210095People’s Republic of China poultry Institute Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesYangzhouJiangsuChina

Background: Vitellogenin(VTG) is a precursor of egg yolk proteins synthesized within the liver of oviparous vertebrates. Betaine is an important methyl donor that is reported to improve egg production of laying hens with an unclear mechanism. In the present study, we fed betaine-supplemented diet(0.5%) to laying hens for 4 wk and investigated its effect on VTGII expression in the ***: Betaine did not affect chicken weight, but significantly(P < 0.05) increased egg laying rate accompanied with a significant(P < 0.05) increase in hepatic concentration and plasma level of VTGI. Plasma estrogen level did not change,but the hepatic expression of estrogen receptor α(ERα) mR NA was significantly(P < 0.05) up-regulated. Betaine did not affect the protein content of ERα, but significantly(P < 0.05) increased hepatic expression of glucocorticoid receptor(GR)at both mR NA and protein levels. Also, ERα/GR interaction tended to be enhanced in the liver nuclear lysates of betainesupplemented hens as determined by co-immunoprecipitation. Furthermore, dietary betaine supplementation significantly increased(P < 0.05) the hepatic expression of methyl-transfer enzymes, such as BHMT, GNMT, and DNMT1,which was associated with higher SAM/SAH ratio and hypomethylation of GR promoter ***: Betaine activates hepatic VTGII expression in association with modified DNA methylation of GR gene promoter, GR expression and ERα/GR interaction. Activation of hepatic VTGII expression may contribute, at least partly, to improved egg production in betaine-supplemented hens.

关键词： Betaine Glucocorticoid receptor Hypomethylation Laying hens Vitellogenin

Effects of moisture content or particle size on the in situ degradability of maize silage and alfalfa haylage in lactating dairy cows

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animal Nutrition 2016年第3期2卷 249-252页

作者： Yang Zou Shuangzhao Dong Yun Du Shengli Li Yajing Wang Zhijun Cao State Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural University

A study using four Holstein cows with ruminal cannulas was conducted to evaluate the degradability of different moisture content or particle size of maize silage and alfalfa haylage. The maize silage(MS; 20-mm length) and alfalfa haylage(AH; 40-mm length) samples were wet(wet maize silage, MSW;wet alfalfa haylage, AHW), dried(dried maize silage, MSD; dried alfalfa haylage, AHD), or ground to pass through a 2.5-mm screen(dried ground maize silage, MSG; dried ground alfalfa haylage, AHG). Samples were incubated in the rumen for 2, 6.12, 24.36.48, and 72 h. Cows were fed ad libitum and allowed free access to water. High moisture content treatment of MSW expressed a lower rinsing NDF and ADF degradability at 2 h(P < 0.05) compared with dried samples(MSD and MSG). Different moisture content and particle size had a significant impact(P < 0.05) on the NDF degradability at 72 h, ADF degradability at36.48, and 72 h, and ruminally degradable ADF. All of the highest values were observed in small particle size and low moisture content AHG treatment. Based on this study, sample processing, such as drying and grinding, should be considered when evaluating nutritive values of forages.

关键词： Alfalfa haylage Degradability Lactating cows Maize silage

Effects of Exposure to Lead and Cadmium on the Oxidative Damage of Livers in Laying Hens

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animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2014年第5期6卷 249-253页

作者： Chen Dawei Pu Junhua Tang Xiujun Lu Junxian Liu Yinyin Jia Xiaoxu Ge Qinglian Gao Yushi Jiangsu Institute of poultry Sciences Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Poultry ProductsMinistry of Agriculture(Yangzhou)

[Objective] To detect the effects of exposure to lead and cadmium on the oxidative damage of livers in laying hens. [Methods] One hundred and twenty 40-week-old Hyline brown hens were randomly divided into four groups. 100 mg / L Pb and / or 50 mg / L Cd was added into the drinking water for eight weeks. [Results] Compared with control group,AST and ALT activities in Pb group enhanced; but there were no significant differences. AST and ALT activities in Cd group and( Pb + Cd) group significantly or extremely significantly increased( P control group( P control group; and( Pb +Cd) group was significantly higher than Pb group and Cd group. Cu,Fe and Zn contents in three groups were higher than those in control group in different degrees( P control group( P control group; while residue content in( Pb + Cd) group was significantly higher than those in Pb group and Cd group. Ultrastructure showed that there were symptoms of mitochondrial swelling and fractured cristae in liver cells of laying hens after the exposure to Cd and Pb. In( Pb + Cd) group,these symptoms were even greater. [Conclusion] Oxidative damage and disturbance of trace element metabolism were one of the mechanisms for hepatotocity in laying hens induced by Pb and Cd,and synergistic effect lied in the coadministration.

关键词： Laying hens Liver Oxidative stress Trace elements Ultrastructure

Mitigation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in roasted beef patties by cold plasma treatment and products quality evaluation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2993-3005页

作者： Yuke Hou Yangjian Hu Min Li Jiahui Nong Fengyuan Xie Yuhan Fan Jianhao Zhang Xianming Zeng Minyi Han Xinglian Xu Xia Wang Key Laboratory of animal products Processing Ministry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality ControlMinistry of EducationJiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Production and ProcessingCollege of Food Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 2100095China Center for Food and Drug Safety Inspection of Maanshan Maanshan Administration for Market RegulationMaanshan 243000China Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food quality and Safety control Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450001China Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and ProcessingCollege of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjing 210023China

The cold plasma(CP)technique was applied to alleviate the contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH)in this *** different CP treatments methods were implemented in the production of beef patties,to investigate their inhibition and degradation capacity on *** 5 different cooking oils and fats addition,the inhibition mechanism of in-package cold plasma(ICP)pretreatment was explored from the aspect of raw patties fatty acids composition *** results of principal component analysis showed that the first two principal components accounted for more than 80%of the total variation in the original data,indicating that the content of saturated fatty acids was significantly positively correlated with the formation of *** pretreatment inhibited the formation of PAHs by changing the composition of fatty acids,which showed that the total amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased and the total amount of monounsaturated fatty acids *** discrimination tests demonstrated there were discernable differences between 2 CP treated samples and the controls,utilization of the ICP pretreatment in meat products processing was expected to achieve satisfying eating *** conclusion,CP treatment degraded PAHs through stepwise ring-opening oxidation in 2 reported pathways,the toxicity of PAHs contaminated products was alleviated after CP treatment.

关键词： Roasted beef Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Cold plasma Mitigation mechanism Product quality evaluation