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How neonatal diet affects the long-term development of rumination behavior, rumen fermentation and feed digestion in dairy calves fed a high milk level?

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animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 326-337页

作者： Jianxin Xiao Tianyu Chen Rong Peng Gibson M. Alugongo Hui Yang Shuai Liu Yulin Ma Jingjun Wang Shengli Li Zhijun Cao State Key laboratory of animal Nutrition and Feeding International Calf and Heifer Organization College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Key laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety production in Cattle in Sichuan Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural University

This study was to investigate growth performance, rumination development, rumen fermentation and feed digestion in young calves provided high volumes(about 20% of calf birth weight) of milk with or without forage inclusion and how these parameters correlate with each other. Immediately after birth,160 newborn Holstein female calves(41.6 ± 4.2 kg of initial BW) were randomly divided into 2 treatments: 1) starter(CON, only starter) and 2) starter and hay(HAY, both starter and hay). The calves were fed their respective experimental diets from d 4 to 84, after which they were all introduced to similar diets until the end of the experiment on d 196. Treatment had no effect on growth and structural measurements throughout the experimental period. However, treatment had an effect on the other parameters, mainly during the post-weaning period. Forage supplementation tended to reduce starter dry matter intake(P = 0.05), while increasing the forage intake(P < 0.01) and the feed-to-gain ratio(P < 0.01). HAY calves had increased neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and physically effective NDF(peNDF)intakes(P < 0.05) and tended to lower(P < 0.01) starch intake compared to CON calves. The HAY calves had a higher rumination time(P < 0.01), ruminal pH(P < 0.01), and acetate-to-propionate ratio(P = 0.05)compared to the CON calves. Spearman correlation analysis showed that rumination time was positively related to the ruminal p H at d 84(P = 0.01) and 196(P = 0.02). The HAY calves had similar apparent total-tract digestibility of dry matter(DM), NDF and ether extract(EE), but lower digestibility of organic matter(OM, P = 0.03), crude protein(CP, P < 0.01) and starch(P < 0.01) compared to those of the CON calves at week 12. Furthermore, there were no positive relationships between rumination time and nutrient digestibility or between rumination time per kilogram DM and nutrient digestibility. In conclusion, feeding hay to calves fed a high milk level improved rumination during the post-weaning period only, without a concomitant effect on

关键词： Neonatal calf Early forage feeding Rumination Rumen fermentation Nutrient digestibility

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Hi-Tag:a simple and efficient method for identifying protein-mediated long-range chromatin interactions with low cell numbers

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1027-1034页

作者： Xiaolong Qi Lu Zhang Qiulin Zhao Peng Zhou Sai Xian Zhang Jingjin Li Zhuqing Zheng Yue Xiang Xueting Dai Zhe Jin Yaobang Jian Xinyun Li Liangliang Fu Shuhong Zhao Key Lab of Agricultural animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of AgricultureCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig production Wuhan 430070China Hubei Hongshan laboratory Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionWuhan 430070China

Protein-mediated chromatin interactions can be revealed by coupling proximity-based ligation with chromatin immunoprecipitation.However,these techniques require complex experimental procedures and millions of cells per experiment,which limits their widespread application in life science research.Here,we develop a novel method,Hi-Tag,that identifies high-resolution,long-range chromatin interactions through transposase tagmentation and chromatin proximity ligation(with a phosphorothioate-modified linker).Hi-Tag can be implemented using as few as 100,000 cells,involving simple experimental procedures that can be completed within 1.5 days.Meanwhile,Hi-Tag is capable of using its own data to identify the binding sites of specific proteins,based on which,it can acquire accurate interaction information.Our results suggest that Hi-Tag has great potential for advancing chromatin interaction studies,particularly in the context of limited cell availability.

关键词： Hi-Tag chromatin interactions transposase tagmentation chromatin proximity ligation low cell numbers

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Zinc lactate alleviates oxidative stress by modulating crosstalk between constitutive androstane receptor signaling pathway and gut microbiota profile in weaned piglets

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animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 23-33页

作者： Wenjie Tang Xuan Xiang Houfu Wang Wentao Zhou Liuqin He Yulong Yin Tiejun Li College of animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Sichuan Academy of animal Sciences Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd Hunan Provincial Key laboratory of animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Advanced Agricultural Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hunan Provincial Key laboratory of animal Intestinal Function and Regulation Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health College of Life Sciences Hunan Normal University

This study aimed to determine the regulatory mechanism of dietary zinc lactate (ZL) supplementation on intestinal oxidative stress damage in a paraquat (PQ)-induced piglet model. Twenty-eight piglets (mean body weight 9.51±0.23 kg) weaned at 28 d of age were randomly divided into control, ZL, PQ, and ZL+PQ groups (n=7 in each group). The ZL-supplemented diet had little effect on growth performance under normal physiological conditions. However, under PQ challenge, ZL supplementation significantly improved average daily gain (P<0.05) and reduced the frequency of diarrhea. ZL improved intestinal morphology and ultrastructure by significantly increasing the expression level of the jejunal tight junction protein, zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) (P<0.05), and intestinal zinc transport and absorption in PQ-induced piglets, which reduced intestinal permeability. ZL supplementation also enhanced the expression of antioxidant and antiinflammatory factor-related genes and decreased inflammatory cytokine expression and secretion in PQinduced piglets. Furthermore, ZL treatment significantly inhibited the activation of constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) signaling (P<0.01) in PQ-induced piglets and altered the structure of the gut microbiota, especially by significantly increasing the abundance of beneficial gut microbes, including UCG＿002, Ruminococcus, Rikenellaceae＿RC9＿gut＿group, Christensenellaceae＿R＿7＿group, Treponema, unclassified＿Christensenellaceae, and unclassified＿Erysipelotrichaceae (P <0.05). These data reveal that pre-administration of ZL to piglets can suppress intestinal oxidative stress by improving antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity and regulating the crosstalk between CAR signaling and gut microbiota.

关键词： Zinc lactate Intestinal barrier Oxidative stress Inflammation Constitutive androstane receptor Gut microbiota

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AP-1 and SP1 trans-activate the expression of hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 in the bioactivation of AFB1 in chicken

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1468-1478页

作者： Jiang Deng Jia-Cheng Yang Yue Feng Ze-Jing Xu Kamil Kuča Meng Liu Lv-Hui Sun State Key laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Hradec KraloveHradec Kralove 50003Czech Republic

Dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1(AFB1)is harmful to the health and performance of domestic animals.The hepatic cytochrome P450s(CYPs),CYP1A1 and CYP2A6,are the primary enzymes responsible for the bioactivation of AFB1to the highly toxic exo-AFB1-8,9-epoxide(AFBO)in chicks.However,the transcriptional regulation mechanism of these CYP genes in the liver of chicks in AFB1metabolism remains unknown.Dual-luciferase reporter assay,bioinformatics and site-directed mutation results indicated that specificity protein 1(SP1)and activator protein-1(AP-1)motifs were located in the core region-1,063/-948,-606/-541 of the CYP1A1 promoter as well as-636/-595,-503/-462,-147/-1 of the CYP2A6 promoter.Furthermore,overexpression and decoy oligodeoxynucleotide technologies demonstrated that SP1 and AP-1 were pivotal transcriptional activators regulating the promoter activity of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6.Moreover,bioactivation of AFB1to AFBO could be increased by upregulation of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 expression,which was trans-activated owing to the upregulation of AP-1,rather than SP1,stimulated by AFB1-induced reactive oxygen species.Additionally,nano-selenium could reduce ROS,downregulate AP-1 expression and then decrease the expression of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6,thus alleviating the toxicity of AFB1.In conclusion,AP-1 and SP1 played important roles in the transactivation of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 expression and further bioactivated AFB1to AFBO in chicken liver,which could provide novel targets for the remediation of aflatoxicosis in chicks.

关键词： aflatoxin B1 CYP1A1 CYP2A6 SP1 AP-1 transcriptional activation

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Ferroptosis contributes to JEV-induced neuronal damage and neuroinflammation

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 144-155页

作者： Wenjing Zhu Qi Li Yong Yin Huanchun Chen Youhui Si Bibo Zhu Shengbo Cao Zikai Zhao Jing Ye National Key laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Frontiers Science Center for animal Breeding and Sustainable production Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig production Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Hubei Hongshan laboratory Wuhan430070China

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered prototype of programmed cell death (PCD) driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation accumulation, and it has been linked to numerous organ injuries and degenerative pathologies. Although studies have shown that a variety of cell death processes contribute to JEV-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal injury, there is currently limited research on the specific involvement of ferroptosis. In this study, we explored the neuronal ferroptosis induced by JEV infection in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicated that JEV infection induces neuronal ferroptosis through inhibiting the function of the antioxidant system mediated by glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), as well as by promoting lipid peroxidation mediated by yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1)/long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4). Further analyses revealed that JEV E and prM proteins function as agonists, inducing ferroptosis. Moreover, we found that treatment with a ferroptosis inhibitor in JEV-infected mice reduces the viral titers and inflammation in the mouse brains, ultimately improving the survival rate of infected mice. In conclusion, our study unveils a critical role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of JEV, providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of viral encephalitis.

关键词： Japanese encephalitisvirus(JEV) Ferroptosis Neuron Lipid peroxidation Inflammatory response

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Coated sodium butyrate ameliorates high‑energy and low‑protein diet induced hepatic dysfunction via modulating mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy and apoptosis in laying hens

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1190-1206页

作者： Sasa Miao Tianming Mu Ru Li Yan Li Wenyan Zhao Jiankui Li Xinyang Dong Xiaoting Zou Key laboratory of animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(Eastern of China)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsThe Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionMinistry of EducationCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China.

Background Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome(FLHS),a fatty liver disease in laying hens,poses a grave threat to the layer industry,stemming from its ability to trigger an alarming plummet in egg production and usher in acute mortality among laying hens.Increasing evidence suggests that the onset and progression of fatty liver was closely related to mitochondria dysfunction.Sodium butyrate was demonstrated to modulate hepatic lipid metabolism,alle-viate oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro and mice models.Nevertheless,there is limited existing research on coated sodium butyrate(CSB)to prevent FLHS in laying hens,and whether and how CSB exerts the anti-FLHS effect still needs to be explored.In this experiment,the FLHS model was induced by administering a high-energy low-protein(HELP)diet in laying hens.The objective was to investigate the effects of CSB on alleviating FLHS with a focus on the role of CSB in modulating mitochondrial function.Methods A total of 288 healthy 28-week-old Huafeng laying hens were arbitrarily allocated into 4 groups with 6 replicates each,namely,the CON group(normal diet),HELP group(HELP diet),CH500 group(500 mg/kg CSB added to HELP diet)and CH750 group(750 mg/kg CSB added to HELP diet).The duration of the trial encompassed a period of 10 weeks.Results The result revealed that CSB ameliorated the HELP-induced FLHS by improving hepatic steatosis and patho-logical damage,reducing the gene levels of fatty acid synthesis,and promoting the mRNA levels of key enzymes of fatty acid catabolism.CSB reduced oxidative stress induced by the HELP diet,upregulated the activity of GSH-Px and SOD,and decreased the content of MDA and ROS.CSB also mitigated the HELP diet-induced inflammatory response by blocking TNF-α,IL-1β,and F4/80.In addition,dietary CSB supplementation attenuated HELP-induced activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response(UPRmt),mitochondrial damage,and decline of ATPase activity.HELP diet decreased the autophagosome formation,and downregulated LC3B

关键词： Autophagy Coated sodium butyrate Laying hens Lipid metabolism Mitochondria

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The virulence regulator AbsR in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli has pleiotropic effects on bacterial physiology

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 649-668页

作者： Dongfang Zhao Haobo Zhang Xinyang Zhang Fengwei Jiang Yijing Li Wentong Cai Ganwu Li State Key laboratory for animal Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150069China College of Veterinary Medicine Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150038China National animal Tuberculosis Reference laboratory Division of Zoonoses SurveillanceChina Animal Health and Epidemiology CenterQingdao 266032China Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and production animal Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineIowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011-1134the United States

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC)belonging to extraintestinal pathogenic E.coli(ExPEC)can cause severe infections in extraintestinal tissues in birds and humans,such as the lungs and blood.MprA(microcin production regulation,locus A,herein renamed AbsR,a blood survival regulator),a member of the MarR(multiple antibiotic resistance regulator)transcriptional regulator family,governs the expression of capsule biosynthetic genes in human ExPEC and represents a promising druggable target for antimicrobials.However,a deep understanding of the AbsR regulatory mechanism as well as its regulon is lacking.In this study,we present a systems-level analysis of the APEC AbsR regulon using ChIP-Seq(chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing)and RNA-Seq(RNA sequencing)methods.We found that AbsR directly regulates 99 genes and indirectly regulates 667 genes.Furthermore,we showed that:1)AbsR contributes to antiphagocytotic effects by macrophages and virulence in a mouse model for systemic infection by directly activating the capsular gene cluster;2)AbsR positively impacts biofilm formation via direct regulation of the T2SS(type II secretion system)but plays a marginal role in virulence;and 3)AbsR directly upregulates the acid tolerance signaling system EvgAS to withstand acid stress but is dispensable in ExPEC virulence.Finally,our data indicate that the role of AbsR in virulence gene regulation is relatively conserved in ExPEC strains.Altogether,this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the AbsR regulon and regulatory mechanism,and our data suggest that AbsR likely influences virulence primarily through the control of capsule production.Interestingly,we found that AbsR severely represses the expression of the type I-F CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas(CRISPR associated)systems,which could have implications in CRISPR biology and application.

关键词： avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC) extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli(ExPEC) AbsR RNA-Seq ChIP-Seq gene regulation

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Fermented calcium butyrate supplementation in post-peak laying hens improved ovarian function and tibia quality through the“gut-bone” axis

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animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 350-362页

作者： Huaiyong Zhang Yongshuai Wang Yilu Wang Bin Wei Leilei Wang Minh Tu Nguyen Xiangyun Lv Yanqun Huang Wen Chen College of animal Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and NutritionMinistry of AgricultureHenan Agricultural University laboratory for animal Nutrition and animal Product Quality Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent University Department of Agriculture and Forestry Hue University Charoen Pokphand Group Co. Ltd.

The compromised egg quality and leg abnormality during the end of the laying cycle(after 40 weeks)have been leading to poor animal welfare and substantial economic losses. Therefore, the effects of fermented calcium(Ca) butyrate, produced by fermentation by Clostridium butyricum, on production,eggshell quality, and tibial property of hens were explored. A total of 192 Hy-line brown laying hens at50-week-old were assigned to a basal diet or the basal diet with 300 mg/kg of the fermented Ca butyrate from 50 to 58 weeks of age. Each treatment had 6 replicates with 16 hens each. The diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg fermented Ca butyrate notably increased egg weight, ovarian follicle number, and eggshell strength(P = 0.072) as compared to the basal diet, which were associated with cytokine secretion, toll-like receptor signaling pathways, and intestinal immunity based on the RNA-seq data from the granulosa. Dietary Ca butyrate inclusion decreased the expression of ileal tumor necrosis factor-alpha and serum pro-inflammatory cytokine concentration, as well as increased the content of serum immunoglobulin A when compared to the basal diet(both P 0.05). In addition, the diet with fermented Ca butyrate reduced the number of osteoclasts in the proximal tibia and the level of C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen, a bone resorption marker(P < 0.05), whereas it tended to increase the concentration of the procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide that reflects bone formation marker in serum. Moreover, the layers fed fermented Ca butyrate diets possessed higher(P < 0.05) bone area and trabecular number of the proximal tibia, yield load, and ultimate load than those that consumed basal diets. Collectively, dietary fermented Ca butyrate supplementation in post-peak layer diets improved the ovari

关键词： Fermented Ca butyrate Ovarian property Tibia metabolism Layer

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Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in laying hens via reshaping gut microbiota

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 277-294页

作者： Xinyue Yang Depeng Li Meihong Zhang Yuqing Feng Xiaolu Jin Dan Liu Yuming Guo Yongfei Hu State Key laboratory of animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)is evidenced to be effective in the prevention and alleviation of metabolic disorders,including obesity,diabetes and fatty liver disease.However,the role of GBE in alleviating fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome(FLHS)in laying hens and the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.Here,we investigated the effects of GBE on relieving FLHS with an emphasis on the modulatory role of GBE in chicken gut microbiota.Results The results showed that GBE treatment ameliorated biochemical blood indicators in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced FLHS laying hen model by decreasing the levels of TG,TC,ALT and ALP.The lipid accumulation and pathological score of liver were also relieved after GBE treatment.Moreover,GBE treatment enhanced the antioxidant activity of liver and serum by increasing GSH,SOD,T-AOC,GSH-PX and reducing MDA,and downregulated the expression of genes related to lipid synthesis(FAS,LXRα,GPAT1,PPARγand Ch REBP1)and inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-6,TLR4 and NF-κB)in the liver.Microbial profiling analysis revealed that GBE treatment reshaped the HFD-perturbed gut microbiota,particularly elevated the abundance of Megasphaera in the cecum.Meanwhile,targeted metabolomic analysis of SCFAs revealed that GBE treatment significantly promoted the production of total SCFAs,acetate and propionate,which were positively correlated with the GBE-enriched gut microbiota.Finally,we confirmed that the GBE-altered gut microbiota was sufficient to alleviate FLHS by fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT).Conclusions We provided evidence that GBE alleviated FLHS in HFD-induced laying hens through reshaping the composition of gut microbiota.Our findings shed light on mechanism underlying the anti-FLHS efficacy of GBE and lay foundations for future use of GBE as additive to prevent and control FLHS in laying hen industry.

关键词： Antioxidation Fecal microbiota transplantation FLHS Ginkgo biloba extract Inflammation Megasphaera

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The role of vitamin E in polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis and alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress in sub-adult grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)

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animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 275-287页

作者： Ke Yao Lin Feng Wei-Dan Jiang Yang Liu Lu Zhang Hai-Feng Mi Xiao-Qiu Zhou Pei Wu animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Fish Nutrition and Safety production University Key laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University Key laboratory of animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Tongwei Co. Ltd. healthy Aquaculture Key laboratory of Sichuan Province

Vitamin E(VE) is an essential lipid-soluble vitamin that improves the fish flesh quality. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of VE on growth performance and flesh quality in sub-adult grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 450fish(713.53 ± 1.50 g) were randomly divided into six treatment groups(three replicates per treatment)and fed for nine weeks with different experimental diets(dietary lipid 47.8 g/kg) that contained different levels of VE(5.44, 52.07, 96.85, 141.71, 185.66, and 230.12 mg/kg diet, supplemented as dl-a-tocopherol acetate). Notably, the treatment groups that were fed with dietary VE ranging from 52.07 to230.12 mg/kg diet showed improvement in the percent weight gain, special growth rate, and feed efficiency of grass carp. Moreover, the treatment groups supplemented with dietary VE level of 141.71,185.66, and 230.12 mg/kg diet showed enhancement in crude protein, lipid, and a-tocopherol contents in the muscle, and the dietary levels of VE ranging from 52.07 to 141.71 mg/kg diet improved muscle pH24h and shear force but reduced muscle cooking loss in grass carp. Furthermore, appropriate levels of VE(52.07 to 96.85 mg/kg diet) increased the muscle polyunsaturated fatty acid content in grass carp. Dietary VE also increased the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthesis-related genes, including fas, scd-1, fad,elovl, srebp1, pparγ, and lxra, and up-regulated the expression of SREBP-1 protein. However, dietary VE decreased the expression of fatty acid decomposition-related genes, including hsl, cpt1, acox1, and ppara,and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes, including perk, ire1, atf6, eif2a, atf4, xbp1, chop, and grp78, and down-regulated the expression of p-PERK, p-IRE1, ATF6, and GRP78 proteins. In conclusion,dietary VE increased muscle fatty acid synthesis, which may be partly associated with the alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ultimately improves fish flesh quality. Moreover, the VE requirements for sub

关键词： Vitamin E Flesh quality Muscle polyunsaturated fatty acid level Endoplasmic reticulum stress Growth performance Grass carp

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