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Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-Jan Serneels Julie D.De Schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons Steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

Context-dependent role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 682-694页

作者： NoemíSola-Sevilla Maider Garmendia-Berges MCarmen Mera-Delgado Elena Puerta Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Division of PharmacologySchool of Pharmacy and NutritionUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain Navarra institute for Health Research(IdiSNA) PamplonaSpain

Sirtuin 2 is a member of the sirtuin family nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD~+)-dependent deacetylases, known for its regulatory role in different processes, including inflammation. In this context, sirtuin 2 has been involved in the modulation of key inflammatory signaling pathways and transcription factors by deacetylating specific targets, such as nuclear factor κB and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-leucine-rich-repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3). However, whether sirtuin 2-mediated pathways induce a pro-or an anti-inflammatory response remains controversial. Sirtuin 2 has been implicated in promoting inflammation in conditions such as asthma and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that its inhibition in these conditions could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Conversely, arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus studies suggest that sirtuin 2 is essential at the peripheral level and, thus, its inhibition in these pathologies would not be recommended. Overall, the precise role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation appears to be context-dependent, and further investigation is needed to determine the specific molecular mechanisms and downstream targets through which sirtuin 2 influences inflammatory processes in various tissues and pathological conditions. The present review explores the involvement of sirtuin 2 in the inflammation associated with different pathologies to elucidate whether its pharmacological modulation could serve as an effective strategy for treating this prevalent symptom across various diseases.

关键词： interferon inflammation lipopolysaccharide neuroinflammation NLRP3 nuclear factorκB sirtuin 2

Metabolome and RNA-seq reveal discrepant metabolism and secretory metabolism profile in skeletal muscle between obese and lean pigs at different ages

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Liu Guo Junfei Xu Wenyue Zhou Sisi Chen Hanjing Shi Mengmeng Han Zekun Yang Yehui Duan Weijun Pang Yulong Yin Fengna Li Laboratory of animal nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F University College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Metabolites and metabolism-related gene expression profiles in skeletal muscle change dramatically under obesity, aging and metabolic disease. Since obese and lean pigs are ideal models for metabolic research. Here, we compared metabolome and transcriptome of Longissimus dorsi(LD) muscle between Taoyuan black(TB, obese) and Duroc(lean) pigs at different ages. We defined the “window phase” of intramuscular fat(IMF) deposition in TB pig, which has significantly higher IMF than Duroc pig. Our results displayed discrepant lipid composition and different expression genes(DEGs) enriched in lipid metabolism, and both metabolome and transcriptome analyses revealed stronger energy expenditure and more active amino acid and protein metabolism in Duroc pig. 10 up-and 51 down-regulated biomarker metabolites with age-and breed-specificity were identified. Potential secretory metabolites, including organic acid(fumaric acid, succinate,malic acid, and gamma-aminobutyric acid), amino acid(L-lysine, and L-glutamic acid), lipid(2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, and L-carnitine) were demonstrated a significant correlation with IMF deposition. Our research highlights the huge difference of metabolic spectrum in skeletal muscle between obese and lean model and muscle-derived secretory metabolites might act as an ambassador of intercellular communication to regulate systematic metabolism.

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The toxicological effect of dietary excess of saccharicterpenin,the extract of camellia seed meal,in piglets

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第1期19卷 211-224页

作者： WANG Man YU Bing HE Jun YU Jie LUO Yu-heng LUO Jun-qiu MAO Xiang-bin CHEN Dai-wen Key Laboratory of animal Disease-Resistance nutrition Animal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural University

Recently, saccharicterpenin extracted from Camellia oleifera seed meal has become a widely used feed supplement in animal husbandry. In order to assess its safety, this study was designed to investigate the toxicity and histopathological effects of saccharicterpenin on piglets. One hundred-fifty weaned pigs((Yorkshire×Landrace)×Duroc), 75 males and 75 females with body weight(BW) of(7.35±0.29) kg, were randomly allotted to groups receiving diets supplemented with 0, 500, 1 000, 2 500 or 5 000 mg kg^–1 saccharicterpenin for 70 d. The diet with 500 mg kg^–1 saccharicterpenin supplementation improved liver glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity, and the diet with 1 000 mg kg^–1 saccharicterpenin supplementation improved liver glutathione S-transferase(GSH-S) activity in piglets on d 70(P<0.05). At 2 500 mg kg^–1, saccharicterpenin in the diets reduced average daily feed intake(ADFI) and average daily gain(ADG) of piglets from d 1 to 35, damaged the cardiac tissue and liver on d 35, and decreased white blood cell counts(WBC), activities of catalase(CAT) and GSH-Px, and concentrations of glucose(GLU) and urea nitrogen(BUN) in the blood of piglets on d 70(P<0.05). In addition, diets with 5 000 mg kg^–1 saccharicterpenin supplementation reduced ADFI, ADG and increased diarrhea rates of piglets from d 36 to 70, and decreased hemoglobin(HGB) concentration and activity of CAT in the blood of piglets on d 70(P<0.05). Moreover, at a rate of 5 000 mg kg^–1, saccharicterpenin supplementation increased pancreas index on d 35 and hepatic index on d 70, and damaged cardiac tissue, liver and spleen during the whole experimental period(P<0.05). These results suggested that dietary 500 mg kg^–1 saccharicterpenin supplementation had beneficial effects on piglets, but excessive supplementation(2 500 or 5 000 mg kg^–1) of saccharicterpenin in the diets could lead to growth retardation, hematological abnormalities and organ injuries.

关键词： growth retardation hematology organ injury piglets saccharicterpenin

Alginate oligosaccharide-induced intestinal morphology, barrier function and epithelium apoptosis modifications have beneficial effects on the growth performance of weaned pigs

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 937-948页

作者： Jin Wan Jiao Zhang Daiwen Chen Bing Yu Xiangbing Mao Ping Zheng Jie Yu Junqiu Luo Jun He institute of animal nutrition Sichuan Agricultural University

Background: Alginate oligosaccharide(AOS), produced from alginate by alginate lyase-mediated depolymerisation, is a potential substitute for antibiotics and possesses growth-enhancing effects. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which AOS regulates porcine growth remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the AOS-mediated changes in the growth performance of weaned pigs by determining the intestinal morphology, barrier function,as well as epithelium ***: Twenty-four weaned pigs were distributed into two groups(n = 12) and received either a basal diet(control group) or the same diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg AOS. On d 15, D-xylose(0.1 g/kg body weight)was orally administrated to eight randomly selected pigs per treatment, and their serum and intestinal mucosa samples were collected 1 h ***: Our results showed that inclusion of AOS in the diet for 2 wk increased(P < 0.05) the average daily body weight gain in weaned pigs. Notably, AOS supplementation ameliorated the intestinal morphology and barrier function, as suggested by the enhanced(P < 0.05) intestinal villus height, secretory immunoglobulin A content and goblet cell counts. Compared to the control group, AOS ingestion both decreased(P < 0.05) the total apoptotic percentage and increased(P < 0.05) the proportion of S phase in the intestinal epithelial cells. Furthermore, AOS not only up-regulated(P < 0.05) the B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL2) transcriptional level but also down-regulated(P < 0.05) the B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein(BAX), cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-3(caspase-3) and caspase-9 transcriptional levels in the small ***: In summary, this study provides evidence that supplemental AOS beneficially affects the growth performance of weaned pigs, which may result from the improved intestinal morphology and barrier function,as well as the inhibited enterocyte death, through reducing apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent apoptosis.

关键词： Alginate oligosaccharide Barrier function Cell apoptosis Intestinal morphology Weaned pigs

Sea cucumber intestinal hydrolysates alleviate insulin resistance through regulating IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway mediated by glutamine metabolism in high-fat and high-sucrose diet-induced mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年

作者： Meng Wang Man Yao Hao Yue Yingying Tian Zifang Zhao Changhu Xue Tiantian Zhang Yuming Wang SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control， College of Food Science and Engineering， Ocean University of China institute of Food & nutrition Science and Technology， Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hainan Huayan Collagen Technology Co. Sanya institute of Oceanography， Ocean University of China

It has been reported that sea cucumber intestine hydrolysates (SCIH) could promote glutamine metabolism in mice， while there is a close connection between glutamine metabolism and insulin sensitivity. However， the effect of SCIH on insulin resistance is still unclear. The results showed that SCIH hydrolyzed by flavor protease had significant activity using the insulin-induced HepG2 cell model. animal experiments exhibited that SCIH supplementation significantly improved the high-fat and high-sucrose diet-induced impaired glucose tolerance， reduced fasting serum glucose and glycosylated serum protein. Besides， SCIH ameliorated islet vacuolization and decreased the pancreas TNF-α and IL-6 by 32.1% and 36.2%， respectively. Immunofluorescence staining results showed that SCIH promoted insulin secretion. Interestingly， SCIH significantly increased the liver glutamine levels and upregulated the expression of glutaminase1 (GLS1) and glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1). Furthermore， SCIH increased liver acetyl-CoA levels to enhance histone acetylation and activate the gene transcription and translation on glucose metabolism-related IRS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway， thereby attenuating insulin resistance. The present findings proposed the potential value for developing functional foods in SCIH utilization.

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Transcriptome analysis of the effect of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium（PQQ·Na2） on reproductive performance in sows during gestation and lactation

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 1022-1036页

作者： Boru Zhang Chenxi Wang Wei Yang Hongyun Zhang Qingwei Meng Baoming Shi Anshan Shan institute of animal nutrition Northeast Agricultural University

Background: Pyrroloquinoline quinone(PQQ), which is a water soluble, thermo-stable triglyceride-quinone, is widely distributed in nature and characterized as a mammalian vitamin-like redox cofactor. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium(PQQ·Na2) on reproductive performance in ***: Dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na2 significantly increased the total number of piglets born, the number of piglets born alive and the born alive litter weight. It also increased the antioxidant status in the placenta, plasma and milk. The concentration of NO was significantly increased in the plasma and placenta. RNA-seq analysis showed that462 unigenes were differentially expressed between the control(Con) treatment and PQQ treatment *** these unigenes, 199 were upregulated, while 263 unigenes were downregulated. The assigned functions of the unigenes covered a broad range of GO categories. Reproduction(27, 7.03%) and the reproduction process(27, 7.03%) were assigned to the biological process category. By matching DEGs to the KEGG database, we identified 29 ***: In conclusion, dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na2 in gestating and lactating sows had positive effects on their reproductive performance.

关键词： Oxidative stress Pyrroloquinoline quinone Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium Reproductive performance,RNA-seq Sow

Modified halloysite nanotubes reduce the toxic effects of zearalenone in gestating sows on growth and muscle development of their offsprings

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第4期7卷 570-578页

作者： Rui Gao Qingwei Meng Jianan Li Min Liu Yuanyuan Zhang Chongpeng Bi Anshan Shan institute of animal nutrition Northeast Agricultural University

Background： Zearalenone （ZEN） is an estrogenic mycotoxin that is primarily produced by Fusarium fungi and has been proven to affect the reproductive capacity of many species to varying degrees. The present experiment was designed to study the maternal persistent effects of zearalenone toxicity in gestating sows on growth and muscle development of their offsprings, and the alleviation of zearalenone toxicity by modified halloysite nanotubes （MHNTs）. Methods： Eighteen sows were fed with one of three dietary treatments that included the following：（1） a control diet, （2） a contaminated grain diet （with 50 % moldy corn, 2.77 mg/kg ZEN）, and （3） a contaminated grain diet （with 50 % moldy corn, 2.76 mg/kg ZEN）＋ 1% MHNTs. Each sow was exclusively fed its experimental diets from 35 to 70 d of gestation at a total of 2 kg daily. Muscle samples were collected from six piglets per treatment at birth, weaning and finishing. Results： The results showed that feeding the sows with the ZEN-contaminated diets from 35 to 70 d of gestation decreased the ADG, ADFI and G：F of their offsprings （P 〈 0.05）. The muscle fiber numbers in the newborn, weaning and growing-finishing pigs and the muscle fiber diameters at birth and weaning were also decreased by maternal ZEN exposure （P 〈 0.05）. The expressions of IGF-I, IGF-II, Myf-5 and Mstn at birth and IGF-II, Pax7, Myf-5 and MyoD1 at weaning were altered by feeding gestating sows with ZEN-contaminated diets （P 〈 0.05）. The MHNTs reduced most of the ZEN-induced toxic effects： the ADG and ADFI on growth performance, the muscle fiber numbers at weaning and finishing and the muscle fiber diameters at weaning （P 〈 0.05）. The expression levels of IGF-II and Mstn in newborn piglets and IGF-II and Myf-5 in weaning piglets were also prevented by adding 1% MHNTs （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： The present study demonstrated that the offsprings of sows fed with ZEN-contaminated diets from 35 to 70 day of gestation exhibited weakening on growth performance, p

关键词： Growth MHNTs Muscle development Offsprings Sows Zearalenone

Solid state fermentation of rapeseed cake with Aspergillus niger for degrading glucosinolates and upgrading nutritional value

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第3期6卷 340-346页

作者： Changyou Shi Jun He Jie Yu Bing Yu Zhiqing Huang Xiangbing Mao Ping Zheng Daiwen Chen animal nutrition institute Sichuan Agricultural University

Background： Rapeseed cake is a good source of protein for animal feed but its utilization is limited due to the presence of anti-nutritional substances, such as glucosinolates （GIs）, phytic acid, tannins etc. In the present study, a solid state fermentation （SSF） using Aspergillus niger was carried out with the purpose of degrading glucosinolates and improving the nutritional quality of rapeseed cake （RSC）. The effects of medium composition and incubation conditions on the GIs content in fermented rapeseed cake （FRSC） were investigated, and chemical composition and amino acid in vitro digestibility of RSC substrate fermented under optimal conditions were determined. Results： After 72 h of incubation at 34℃, a 76.89% decrease in GIs of RSC was obtained in solid medium containing 70% RSC, 30% wheat bran at optimal moisture content 60% （w/w）. Compared to unfermented RSC, trichloroacetic acid soluble protein （TCA-SP）, crude protein and ether extract contents of the FRSC were increased （P〈 0.05） 103.71, 23.02 and 23.54%, respectively. As expected, the contents of NDF and phytic acid declined （P〈 0.05） by 9.12 and 44.60%, respectively. Total amino acids （TAA） and essential amino acids （EAA） contents as well as AA in vitro digestibility of FRSC were improved significantly （P 〈 0.05）. Moreover, the enzyme activity of endoglucanase, xylanase, acid protease and phytase were increased （P 〈 0.05） during SSF. Conclusions： Our results indicate that the solid state fermentation offers an effective approach to improving the quality of proteins sources such as rapeseed cake.

关键词： Aspergillus niger Glucosinolates nutritional value Rapeseed cake Solid state fermentation