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Effects of the kinetic pattern of dietary glucose release on nitrogen utilization, the portal amino acid profile, and nutrient transporter expression in intestinal enterocytes in piglets

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2106-2121页

作者： Zexi Li Yunfei Li Yufei Zhao Guifu Wang Rujie Liu Yue Li Qamar Aftab Zewei Sun Qingzhen Zhong Jilin Province Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition and Feed Science College of Animal Science and TechnologyKey Lab of Animal ProductionProduct Quality and SecurityMinistry of EducationJilin Agricultural University2888 Xincheng StreetChangchun CityJilin ProvincePeople’s Republic of China Dongfeng county Sika Deer Industry Development Service Center Dongfeng CountyLiaoyuan CityJilin ProvinceChina

Background Promoting the synchronization of glucose and amino acid release in the digestive tract of pigs could effectively improve dietary nitrogen *** rational allocation of dietary starch sources and the exploration of appropriate dietary glucose release kinetics may promote the dynamic balance of dietary glucose and amino acid ***,research on the effects of diets with different glucose release kinetic profiles on amino acid absorption and portal amino acid appearance in piglets is *** study aimed to investigate the effects of the kinetic pattern of dietary glucose release on nitrogen utilization,the portal amino acid profile,and nutrient transporter expression in intestinal enterocytes in *** Sixty-four barrows(15.00±1.12 kg)were randomly allotted to 4 groups and fed diets formulated with starch from corn,corn/barley,corn/sorghum,or corn/cassava combinations(diets were coded A,B,C,or D respectively).Protein retention,the concentrations of portal amino acid and glucose,and the relative expression of amino acid and glucose transporter m RNAs were *** vitro digestion was used to compare the dietary glucose release *** Four piglet diets with different glucose release kinetics were constructed by adjusting starch *** in vivo appearance dynamics of portal glucose were consistent with those of in vitro dietary glucose release *** nitrogen excretion was reduced in the piglets in group B,while apparent nitrogen digestibility and nitrogen retention increased(P<0.05).Regardless of the time(2 h or 4 h after morning feeding),the portal total free amino acids content and contents of some individual amino acids(Thr,Glu,Gly,Ala,and Ile)of the piglets in group B were significantly higher than those in groups A,C,and D(P<0.05).Cluster analysis showed that different glucose release kinetic patterns resulted in different portal amino acid patterns in piglets,which decreased gradually with the

关键词： Glucose release kinetics Nitrogen utilization Nutrient transporter Piglet

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Activation of skeletal carbohydrate-response element binding protein(ChREBP)-mediated de novo lipogenesis increases intramuscular fat content in chickens

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animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 107-118页

作者： Peng Wang Haihan Xiao Tian Wu Qinghua Fu Xudong Song Yameng Zhao Yan Li Jieping Huang Ziyi Song Guangxi Key Laboratory of animal Breeding Disease Control and PreventionCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi 530004China

The intracellular lipids in muscle cells of farm animals play a crucial role in determining the overall intramuscular fat(IMF)content,which has a positive impact on meat ***,the mechanisms underlying the deposition of lipids in muscle cells of farm animals are not yet fully *** purpose of this study was to determine the roles of carbohydrate-response element binding protein(ChREBP)and fructose in IMF deposition of *** virus-mediated ChREBP overexpression in tibialis anterior(TA)muscle of chickens,seven 5-d-old male yellow-feather chickens were *** 10 d after virus injection,the chickens were slaughtered to obtain TA muscles for *** fructose administration trial,sixty 9-wk-old male yellow-feather chickens were randomly divided into 2 groups,with 6 replicates per group and 5 chickens per *** chickens were fed either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 10%fructose(purity≥99%).At 4 wk later,the chickens were slaughtered,and breast and thigh muscles were collected for *** results showed that the skeletal ChREBP mRNA levels were positively associated with IMF content in multiple species,including the chickens,pigs,and mice(P<0.05).ChREBP overexpression increased lipid accumulation in both muscle cells in vitro and the TA muscles of mice and chickens in vivo(P<0.05),by activation of the de novo lipogenesis(DNL)***,activation of ChREBP by dietary fructose administration also resulted in increased IMF content in mice and notably chickens(P<0.05).Furthermore,the lipidomics analysis revealed that ChREBP activation altered the lipid composition of chicken IMF and tented to improve the flavor profile of the *** conclusion,this study found that ChREBP plays a pivotal role in mediating the deposition of fat in chicken muscles in response to fructose-rich diets,which provides a novel strategy for improving meat quality in the livestock industry.

关键词： Chicken Meat quality Intramuscular fat Carbohydrate-response element binding protein Fructose

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MiR-106a targets ATG7 to inhibit autophagy and angiogenesis after myocardial infarction

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animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第4期7卷 408-418页

作者： Guofeng Bai Jinghao Yang Weili Liao Xiaofeng Zhou Yingting He Nian Li Liuhong Zhang Yifei Wang Xiaoli Dong Hao Zhang Jinchun Pan Liangxue Lai Xiaolong Yuan Xilong Wang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory animals Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring InstituteGuangzhouChina Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine IndustryState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding IndustryGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Huidong county animal Quarantine and Inspection Institute HuizhouGuangdongChina Department of Cardiology Hainan General HospitalHainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHainan Clinical Medicine Research InstitutionHaikouPeople's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina

Background:Myocardial infarction(MI)is an acute condition in which the heart mus-cle dies due to the lack of blood *** research has suggested that au-tophagy and angiogenesis play vital roles in the prevention of heart failure after MI,and miR-106a is considered to be an important regulatory factor in *** the specific mechanism remains *** this study,using cultured venous endothelial cells and a rat model of MI,we aimed to identify the potential target genes of miR-106a and discover the mechanisms of inhibiting autophagy and ***:We first explored the biological functions of miR-106a on autophagy and angiogenesis on endothelial *** we identified ATG7,which was the down-stream target gene of *** expression of miR-106a and ATG7 was investi-gated in the rat model of ***:We found that miR-106a inhibits the proliferation,cell cycle,autophagy and angiogenesis,but promoted the apoptosis of vein endothelial ***,ATG7 was identified as the target of miR-106a,and ATG7 rescued the inhibition of autophagy and angiogenesis by *** expression of miR-106a in the rat model of MI was decreased but the expression of ATG7 was increased in the infarction ***:Our results indicate that miR-106a may inhibit autophagy and angiogenesis by targeting *** mechanism may be a potential therapeutic treatment for MI.

关键词： angiogenesis ATG7 autophagy miR-106a miRNAs myocardial infarction

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Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Herbal Preparation Yinqiaotiangan against Pathologic Model of Streptococcus suis Serotype II in Kunming Mice

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2013年第1期2卷 48-51页

作者： Hong JIANG Shuhong HUANG Hongjun WANG Tiezhong ZHOU Zhuohui MA Liaoning Medical University 93263 Troops of PLA Station Hospital animal health authority of zhangwu county

[ Objectlve] This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of Chinese herbal preparation Yinqiaotiangan against Streptococcus suis serotype II in vivo. [ Method ] The prevention and treatment tests were conducted with Kunming mice weighing about 18 -22 g. In the prevention test, Kunming mice were inocu- lated with Streptococcus suis serotype II and simultaneously taken orally 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/ml Chinese herbal preparation Yinqiaotiangan respectively for continu- ous 3 d, once a day; the incidence rate, mortality rate and protective rate were detected after 7 d. In the treatment test, Kunming mice were inoculated with Strepto- coccus suis serotype II to establish the Streptococcus suis serotype II pathogenic model, and then taken orally 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/ml Chinese herbal preparation Yin- qiaotiangan respectively for continuous 3 d, twice a day; the mortality rate, cure rate and effective rate were detected after 7 d. [ Result ] Results of the prevention test showed that the protective rate in experimental groups was extremely significantly higher than that in control group （P 〈0.01 ）, while the incidence rate and mortality rate were extremely significantly lower than that in control group （P 〈0.01 ）. Results of the treatment test showed that the incidence rate in experimental groups was extremely significantly lower than that in control group （P 〈0.01 ）, the cure rate in 0.5 g/ml group was extremely significantly higher than that in 1.0 g/ml group and 2.0 g/ml group （P 〈 0.01 ）, the effective rate in 0.5 g/ml group was significantly higher than that in 1.0 g/ml group and 2.0 g/ml group （ P 〈 0.05 ）, with no significant difference from the positive group （P 〉 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion ] The pathologic model of Streptococcus su/s serotype II could be effec- tively prevented and treated by oral intake of low dose of Chinese herbal preparation Yinqiaotiangan in Kunming mice.

关键词： Yinqiaotiangan Streptococcus suis serotype II Pathogenic model Kunming mice

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Whole-genome analysis reveals distinct adaptation signatures to diverse environments in Chinese domestic pigs

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 1866-1880页

作者： Zhen Wang Bangmin Song Jianyu Yao Xingzheng Li Yan Zhang Zhonglin Tang Guoqiang Yi Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi‑Omics of MARAAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518124China Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesFoshan 528226China School of Life Sciences Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Shenzhen Research Institute of Henan University Shenzhen 518000China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Key Laboratory of Tropical animal Breeding and Disease Research Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineHainan Academy of Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571100China Bama Yao Autonomous county Rural Revitalization Research Institute Bama 547500China

Background Long-term natural and artificial selection has resulted in many genetic footprints within the genomes of pig breeds across distinct agroecological ***,the mechanisms by which these signatures contribute to phenotypic diversity and facilitate environmental adaptation remain *** Here,we leveraged whole-genome sequencing data from 82 individuals from 6 domestic pig breeds originating in tropical,high-altitude,and frigid *** genetic analysis suggested that habitat isolation significantly shaped the genetic diversity and contributed to population stratification in local Chinese pig *** of selection signals revealed regions under selection for adaptation in tropical(55.5 Mb),high-altitude(43.6 Mb),and frigid(17.72 Mb)*** potential functions of the selective sweep regions were linked to certain complex traits that might play critical roles in different geographic environments,including fat coverage in frigid environments and blood indicators in tropical and high-altitude *** genes under selection were significantly enriched in biological pathways involved in environmental *** pathways included blood circulation,protein degradation,and inflammation for adaptation to tropical environments;heart and lung development,hypoxia response,and DNA damage repair for high-altitude adaptation;and thermogenesis,cold-induced vasodilation(CIVD),and the cell cycle for adaptation to frigid *** examining the chromatin state of the selection signatures,we identified the lung and ileum as two candidate functional tissues for environmental ***,we identified a mutation(chr1:G246,175,129A)in the cis-regulatory region of ABCA1 as a plausible promising variant for adaptation to tropical *** In this study,we conducted a genome-wide exploration of the genetic mechanisms underlying the adaptability of local Chinese pig breeds to tropical,high-altitude

关键词： Environmental adaptation Local Chinese breeds Pig Population genetics Selection signals Whole-genome resequencing

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Physiological response of the razor clam Sinonovacula constricta exposed to hyposalinity stress

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第4期9卷 663-673页

作者： Yueming Yang Jiyue Ni Donghong Niu Gaohai Zheng Yifeng Li International Research Center for Marine Biosciences Ministry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of EducationShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic animal Genetics and Breeding Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture Shanghai201306China Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sanmen county Taizhou318026China

The razor clam Sinonovacula constricta is an economically important bivalve species in China,which inhabits the mudflat of intertidal and estuaries areas and frequently suffers the low salinity stress due to heavy rain *** present study investigated the effects of hyposalinity stress(salinity 10,5,3,and 1)on osmoregulation and haemolymph microbiota in *** after 7 days of *** results showed that the survival rate of razor clams was only significantly reduced in the 1 ppt group compared to the control group(salinity 20)(P<0.05).Haemolymph osmolality in razor clams reduced significantly with decreasing salinities(P<0.05).Taurine,arginine,alanine and ornithine were the dominant free amino acids(FAAs)with higher contents in the *** to low salinities altered the composition of haemolymph FAAs,with alanine being the highest in the control group and taurine being the highest in the low salinity(LS)*** stress caused an increase in Na+/K+-ATPase(NKA)activity in gills,and histological analysis revealed severe hyperplasia in gills and a significant reduction in the length of gill filaments(P<0.05).The microbial community variation in the haemolymph assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing explains that bacterial communities was shifted under low salinity *** the genus level,the relative abundance of Marinobacterium,Marinomonas and Pseudomonas changed significantly under hyposalinity stress(P<0.05).These findings give further insight into the physiological responses and potential adaptation strategies of razor clams to hyposalinity stress and provide information for the development of inland low salinity culture.

关键词： Hyposalinity stress Sinonovacula constricta Osmolality Free amino acids Haemolymph microbiota

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Niacin alters the ruminal microbial composition of cattle under high-concentrate condition

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animal Nutrition 2017年第2期3卷 180-185页

作者： Dan Luo Yufei Gao Youyou Lu Mingren Qu Xiaowen Xiong Lanjiao Xu Xianghui Zhao Ke Pan Kehui Ouyang Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition Jiangxi Agricultural University animal Husbandry Bureau of Jinxian county

To understand the effects of niacin on the ruminal microbial ecology of cattle under high-concentrate diet condition, Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology was used. Three cattle with rumen cannula were used in a 3 x 3 Latin-square design trial. Three diets were fed to these cattle during 3 periods for 3 days, respectively: high-forage diet(HF; forage-to-concentrate ratio = 80:20), high-concentrate diet(HC;forage-to-concentrate ratio=20:80), and HC supplemented with 800 mg/kg niacin(HCN). Ruminal pH was measured before feeding and every 2 h after initiating feeding. Ruminal fluid was sampled at the end of each period for microbial DNA extraction. Overall, our findings revealed that subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA) was induced and the a-diversity of ruminal bacterial community decreased in the cattle of HC group. Adding niacin in HC could relieve the symptoms of SARA in the cattle but the ruminal pH value and the Shannon index of ruminal bacterial community of HCN group were still lower than those of HF group. Whatever the diet was, the ruminal bacterial community of cattle was dominated by Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. High-concentrate diet significantly increased the abundance of Prevotella,and decreased the abundance of Paraprevotella, Sporobacter, Ruminococcus and Treponema than *** with HC, HCN had a trend to decrease the percentage of Prevotella, and to increase the abundance of Succiniclasticum, Acetivibrio and Treponema. Increasing concentrate ratio could decrease ruminal pH value, and change the ruminal microbial composition. Adding niacin in HC could increase the ruminal pH value, alter the ruminal microbial composition.

关键词： Ruminal microbial ecology α-diversity Niacin High-concentrate diet condition Cattle

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Cxcl16 Interact With SARS-CoV N Protein In and Out Cell

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Virologica Sinica 2010年第5期25卷 369-374页

作者： Yuan-peng ZHANG Rong-wu ZHANG Wei-shan CHANG Yan-yanWANG College of animal Science and Technology Shandong Agricultural University Tai＇an 271018 China Ling county animal Husboundry Bureall Dezhou 253500 China

Our study investigated the host cell protein which can interact with SARS-CoV N protein, and explored the functional connections. The eukaryotic expression vectors pEGFP-N1/SARS-CoVN and pdsRed2-N1/ CXCL16 were constructed and used to co-transfect HEK293FT cells by the calcium phosphate method. The HIS-tagged fusion protein SARS-CoVN-GFP was then built and purified for the binding assay in vitro. The co-localization of SARS-CoVN and CXCL16 in the cytoplasm of HEK293FT cells was also shown using confocal laser scanning microscopy. It is suggested that their interaction might be through direct combination. Under a fluorescence microscope, it was observed that the purified fusion protein SARS-CoVN-GFP was attached to the cell membrane of CXCL16-transfected cells, indicating that SARS-CoVN and CXCL16 can be mutually combined.

关键词： SARS-CoVN CXCL 16 Eukaryotic expression Confocal laser scanning

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Active dry yeast supplementation benefits ruminal fermentation,bacterial community,blood immunoglobulins,and growth performance in young dairy goats,but not for intermittent supplementation

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animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 289-301页

作者： Jun Zhang Yuntian Yang Xinjian Lei Yannan Wang Yanhua Li Zhiqiang Yang Junhu Yao College of animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Fuping county animal Husbandry Development Center Fuping 711700ShaanxiChina Shandong Institute of Feed Quality Inspection Jinan 250010ShandongChina

This study evaluated the effects of active dry yeast(ADY)supplementation and supplementation stra-tegies on ruminal fermentation,bacterial community,blood metabolites,and growth performance in young dairy *** young female Guanzhong dairy goats of similar age(4.00±0.50 months)and BW(19.65±0.41 kg)were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=20):(1)basal diet group(CON);(2)basal diet continuously supplemented with 3.0 g/goat per day commercial ADY(a proprietary strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with 5.0×10^(9)cfu/g)group(CSY);(3)basal diet with intermittently supple-mented ADY group(ISY;5 d supplementation with ADY at 4.5 g/goat per day following 5 d of no sup-plementation).The experiment lasted 67 d with the first 7 d as an adaptive *** fluid and blood samples were collected *** were analyzed using the MIXED procedure combined with the SLICE option in *** orthogonal contrasts of ADY *** and CSY *** were also *** the experimental period,ADY supplementation resulted in greater DMI(P=0.03),ruminal ac-etate proportion(P<0.01)and acetylesterase activity(P=0.01),and blood contents of glucose(P=0.01)and IgM(P=0.02)and tended to have greater ADG(P=0.05)and paunch girth(P=0.06)than the CON,despite the propionate proportion(P=0.03)and contents of total protein(P=0.04)and IgA(P=0.03)being *** lower ruminal NH_(3)-N(P<0.01)and blood urea nitrogen(P=0.07)contents indicated greater nitrogen utilization with ADY *** supplementation showed persistent effects after it was stopped because the BW at 12 months of age(P=0.03)and birth weight of lambs(P=0.02)were greater than the ***,the ISY did not show those benefits and had significantly lower relative abundances of fiber-degrading related bacteria than the *** conclusion,ADY supplementa-tion,especially continuously supplemented,may enhance ADG and ADG:DMI ratio by improving DMI,ruminal cellulolytic bacteria abundance and enzyme activity,nitrogen utilizat

关键词： Active dry yeast Bacterial community Dairy goat Growth performance Rumen microbiota Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Localization of urea transporter B in the developing bovine rumen

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animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 216-222页

作者： Chongliang Zhong Tamsin Lyons Orla Heussaff Evelyn Doyle Eoin O'Hara Sinead M.Waters David Kenny Gavin S.Stewart School of Biology and Environmental Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreTeagascGrangeCounty MeathIreland Department of Agriculture Foodand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada

Urea nitrogen secreted from blood to rumen is a crucial factor shaping the symbiotic relationship between host ruminants and their microbial *** of urea across rumen epithelia is facilitated by urea transporter B(UT-B),but the long-term regulation of these proteins remains *** ruminal function develops over a period of months,the developing rumen is an excellent model with which to investigate this *** rumen epithelium samples of calves from birth to 96 d of age,this study performed immunolocalization studies to localize and semi-quantify UT-B protein *** expected,preliminary experiments confirmed that ruminal monocarboxylate transporter 1(MCT1)short chain fatty acid transporter protein abundance increased with age(P<0.01,n=4).Further investigation revealed that ruminal UT-B was present in the first few weeks of life and initially detected in the basolateral membrane of stratum basale *** the next 2 months,UT-B staining spread to other epithelial layers and semi-quantification indicated that UT-B abundance significantly increased with age(P<0.01,n=4 or 6).These changes were in line with the development of rumen function after the advent of solid feed intake and weaning,exhibiting a similar pattern to both MCT1 transporters and papillae *** study therefore confirmed age-dependent changes of in situ ruminal UT-B protein,adding to our understanding of the long-term regulation of ruminal urea transporters.

关键词： UT-B Immunolocalization Rumen Bovine Development

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