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Evolution of prehistoric agriculture in central Gansu Province,China:A case study in Qin'an and Li County

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第18期55卷 1925-1930页

作者： AN ChengBang JI DuXue CHEN FaHu DONG GuangHui WANG Hui DONG WeiMiao Zhao XueYe Key Lab of West China's Environment System MOE Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China institute of archaeology ofShenzhen Shenzhen 518028 China institute of archaeology and relics of Gansu Province Lanzhou 730000 China

This study,based on environmental archaeological studies focused on Qin'an County and Li County in Gansu Province,China,shows that during 8-7.3 ka BP few cultivated crop seeds were *** 6.4 ka BP,during the Banpo period,many crop seeds appeared,indicating the development of *** agriculture in this area appeared and flourished a little later than in the Central Plain of *** change is an important factor that influenced the development of agriculture in this *** rapid expansion of agriculture during late Yangshao and Changshan benefited from the humid and warm climate in the mid-Holocene,especially the emergence of *** 4 ka BP,climate became drier,and agriculture began to *** Siwa Culture is characterized by pastoral economy,until the Eastern Zhou period,agriculture began to recover,when wheat and barley appeared in Li County,indicating diversification of agriculture of this time.

关键词：史前农业甘肃省秦安县中国农作物种子演进新疆气候变化

Discovery and significance of buried paleoearthquake of the early Shang Dynasty (1260-1520 BC) in Xuecun,Xingyang,Henan Province,China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第12期55卷 1186-1192页

作者： XIA ZhengKai ZHANG XiaoHu CHU XiaoLong ZHANG JunNa Department of Urban and Environmental Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China Henan Provincial institute of Cultural relics and archaeology Zhengzhou 450000 China

Due to the South-to-North Water Diversion Project,the salvage archaeological excavations were conducted in Xuecun,Xingyang city,Henan Province,China,by the institute of Cultural relics and archaeology of Henan Province in 2005 and *** evidence for a paleoearthquake was found during the excavation in the Xuecun archaeological *** evidence includes faults,two small grabens and a series of ground *** geological structures are considered to be generated by the *** on the relationship between the paleoseismic relics and the cultural layers excavated in the site,we inferred that the earthquake took place in the early Shang Dynasty (the Erligang period).The AMS 14C dates of charcoal from ash pits in the site indicate that the earthquake occurred between 1260 BC and 1520 *** paleoearthquake during this period was first discovered in the Central Plain of *** discovery not only extents the scope of paleoseismic investigation,but also provides valuable information for safety evaluation of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.

关键词：古地震河南省中国早期商代荥阳市掩埋引水工程

Newly discovered Palaeolithic artefacts from loess deposits and their ages in Lantian,central China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第7期59卷 651-661页

作者： Shejiang Wang Huayu Lu Hongyan Zhang Xuefeng Sun Shuangwen Yi Yingyong Chen Gaike Zhang Luda Xing Weigang Sun Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology The Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Institute for Climate and Global Change Research Nanjing University Guizhou Provincial institute of Cultural relics and archaeology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shaanxi Provincial institute of archaeology

Eight new Palaeolithic open-air sites were identified and 770 stone artefacts were collected from 2009 to 2011 in the Lantian area of the Bahe River valley, central China. Because the famous Homo erectus fossils were unearthed at the Gongwangling and Chenjiawo localities, and more than 30 Palaeolithic open-air sites were investigated in the 1960s in this region, the catchment of Bahe River is regarded as one of the most important hominin sites from the late early Pleistocene to the middle Pleistocene. These eight newly discovered open-air sites are located at the second(n = 6), third(n = 1) or higher terraces(n = 1) of the Bahe River. The Diaozhai section on the second terrace was sampled in detail. Two samples were collected for optically stimulated luminescence dating(OSL). The OSL results suggest that a buried lithic artefact layer at the Diaozhai site spans approximately 70–30 ka. The lithic assemblage analysis suggests that the stone artefacts were made of local pebbles/cobbles such as greywacke, quartz, sandstone and igneous rocks. The main percussion techniques that were used were direct hard hammer percussion and bi-polar techniques. The lithic artefacts comprise hammer stones, cores, flakes, retouched tools and flaking debris. Acheulian-type large cutting tools(LCTs) such as hand-axes, picks and cleavers were indentified in the Lantian region as well. This is the first time Acheulian-type LCTs from the late Pleistocene have been identified in this region. This study distinguishes age gaps between Western world and East Asian Acheulian-type tools.

关键词：旧石器时代蓝田地区黄土沉积年龄文物中国古人类遗址晚更新世

The trajectory of rice from wild to domesticated: A new chapter in the study of origins of agriculture

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 3011-3012页

作者： Zhijun ZHAO institute of Cultural Heritage Shandong University

Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important food crops in the world today, feeding more than one-third of the global population. Therefore. the domestication of rice has always been an international research topic (Gross and Zhao, 2014).When, where, and how rice was cultivated and eventually domesticated has been a hot issue in many research fields such as archaeology, biology, and agronomy (Fuller et al.,2009).

关键词： PROGRESS

Tianshanbeilu and the Isotopic Millet Road: reviewing the late Neolithic/Bronze Age radiation of human millet consumption from north China to Europe

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National Science Review 2019年第5期6卷 1024-1039页

作者： Tingting Wang Dong Wei Xien Chang Zhiyong Yu Xinyu Zhang Changsui Wang Yaowu Hu Benjamin T.Fuller Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and PalaeoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences institute of archaeology and Cultural relics of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Research Center for Chinese Frontier archaeology Jilin University Department of Anthropology School of Sociology and Anthropology Sun Yat-sen University Department of archaeology and Anthropology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The westward expansion of human millet consumption from north China has important implications for understanding early interactions between the East and ***, few studies have focused on the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, the vast geographical area directly linking the ancient cultures of the Eurasian Steppe and the Gansu Corridor of *** this study, we present the largest isotopic investigation of Bronze Age China(n = 110) on material from the key site of Tianshanbeilu, in eastern *** large range of δC values(–17.6 to –7.2; –15.5 ± 1.2) provides direct evidence of unique dietary diversity and consumption of significant Cresources(millets).The high δN results(10.3 to 16.7;14.7 ± 0.8) likely reflect sheep/goat and wild game consumption and the arid climate of the Taklamakan *** dates from four individuals indicate Tianshanbeilu was in use between 1940 and1215 cal *** Tianshanbeilu results are then analysed with respect to 52 Bronze Age sites from across Eurasia, to investigate the spread and chronology of significant human millet consumption and human *** isotopic survey finds novel evidence that the second millennium bc was a dynamic period,with significant dietary interconnectivity occurring between north China, Central Asia and ***,we argue that this ‘Isotopic Millet Road’ extended all the way to the Mediterranean and Central Europe, and conclude that these Cdietary signatures of millet consumption reflect early links(migration and/or resource transfer) between the Bronze Age inhabitants of modern-day China and Europe.

关键词： Inner Asian Mountain Corridor Silk Road Xinjiang Old World crop globalization Shang Dynasty

Pottery lipid analysis at the Shangzhai site,Beijing,and its implication for subsistence strategy

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第8期66卷 1789-1797页

作者： Nanning LYU Tao WANG Jincheng YU Huiyun RAO Bin HAN Yimin YANG Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Department of archaeology and Anthropology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of History Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Beijing institute of archaeology Beijing 100009China

As the crossroads of prehistoric cultures,the Beijing region is an important area for studying the exchange of prehistoric culture and the spread of millet *** millet remains have been found in the Donghulin site during the Early Neolithic Age,there is little millet remains during the Middle and Late Neolithic Age,so there is a gap of approximately2,000 years since the time of the Donghulin *** Shangzhai site is located in the Pinggu Basin in eastern Beijing,and it has a large time span with sequential strata;however,there are few large animals and plant remains found at this site,thus the subsistence strategy of ancient people remains *** this study,the absorbed lipids of pottery sherds unearthed in the Neolithic cultural layer of the Shangzhai site were extracted and *** results show that these potteries were used to process millet,the meat of terrestrial non-ruminants and wild ruminants,and dairy of wild ruminants,providing new insights for the subsistence strategy and the development of millet agriculture in the Middle and Late Neolithic Age of *** addition,the food processing in pottery may be an internal heating method,such as stone boiling.

关键词： Shangzhai site Millet agriculture Subsistence strategy Pottery lipid analysis Stone boiling

Starch grain analysis reveals ancient diet at Kuahuqiao site,Zhejiang Province

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第12期55卷 1150-1156页

作者： YANG XiaoYan JIANG LePing institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Zhejiang Provincial institute of Cultural relics and archaeology Hangzhou 310014 China

Charred residues adhering to sherds of ceramic cooking vessels,pots (Fu),excavated from the Kuahuqiao site (8000-7000 cal a BP) in Zhejiang Province were examined using the method of starch grain *** starch grains were recovered from charred residues and were classified into 8 *** from rice (Oryza spp.),job's-tears (Coix chinesis T.),bean (Vigna spp.),acorn (Quercus spp.) as well as possibly buckeye tree (Aesculus chinensis B.) were *** starch grains from unidentified plants were also *** with bordered pits from softwood fibers were also found,indicating that some food might have been processed with wooden *** range of starch grains in the charred residues adhering to the ceramic pots reveals the diversity of ancient plant foods at the Kuahuqiao site,Zhejiang Province.

关键词：古代饮食淀粉粒浙江省网站 Oryza 大学学报蒙古民族具缘纹孔

Study on the most early glass eye-beads in China unearthed from Xu Jialing Tomb in Xichuan of Henan Province,China

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第4期52卷 922-927页

作者： GAN FuXi CHENG HuanSheng HU YongQing MA Bo GU DongHong Shanghai institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghiai 201800China Fudan University Shanghai 200433China Henan Research institute of Cultural relics and archaeology Zhengzhou 450000China

The eye-beads dating to the early Warring States Period unearthed from Xu Jialing Tomb in Xichuan County of Henan Province, China are studied. The structure and the chemical composition of the sam- ples are analysed by the undestructive methods of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) technique. The results show that these eye-beads are of glass state. Its chemical composition indicates that they belong to the glass of soda lime silicate system (Na2O-CaO-SiO2). By comparing the decorative design and the chemical composition of the samples with those from ancient Babylon and ancient Egypt, we think that these ancient eye-beads in Xichuan were most possibly im- ported from the West.

关键词： glass eye-beads origin ancient exchange between China and the west chemical composition analysis

Taphonomic analysis of the Lingjing fauna and the first report of a Middle Paleolithic kill-butchery site in North China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第30期56卷 3213-3219页

作者： ZHANG ShuangQuan GAO Xing ZHANG Yue LI ZhanYang Laboratory of Human Evolution Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Henan Provincial institute of Cultural relics and archaeology Zhengzhou 450000 China

More than ten thousand bone fragments were recovered from the Lingjing site, Henan Province, during 2005 and 2006. A taphonomic analysis of the faunal remains strongly indicates that hominids have a dominant role in the accumulation and modification of the assemblage. Based on the taphonomic and zooarcheological characteristics of the animal remains, including species richness, mortality patterns, skeletal element profiles, and bone surface-modifications, and on the local ecology, we suggest that the Lingjing site is a Middle Paleolithic kill-butchery site rather than a home base for early humans. The presence of large numbers of stone artifacts may therefore signify a strong sense of planning and farsightedness in the subsistence strategies of early human groups. The Lingjing site is presently the only taphonomically-identified, Middle Paleolithic kill-butchery site known in North China.

关键词：旧石器时代中国北方动物群屠宰场网站灵境埋藏早期人类