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A prototype for on-site generation of chlorinated disinfectant for use in rural aqueducts

Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 33-40页

作者： Diana Marcela Cuesta Parra Felipe Correa Mahecha Andrés Felipe Rubio Pinzon Davidcamilo Ramirez Bustos Leonel Alveyro Teran Llorente Miguel Fernando Jimenez Jimenez Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia Chemical Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia Mecanical Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia

Sodium hypochlorite has significant potential as a sanitation solution in hard-to-reach *** studies have investigated the optimal electrolysis parameters for its production with volumes greater than 1o *** study evaluated sodium hypochlorite production through electrolysis in a 22-L prototype and identified the optimal operating *** were performed using graphite electrodes with areas of 68.4 cm^(2) at the laboratory scale and 1865.0 cm^(2) at the prototype scale.A design for experiments with different operating times,chloride concentrations,and electric current intensities was *** optimal operating time,sodium chloride concentration,and current intensity at the laboratory scale were 120 min,150 g of chloride per liter,and 3 A,respectively,leading to the production of 5.02 g/L of the disinfectant with an energy efficiency of 12.21 mg of Cl_(2) per *** the prototype scale,the maximum sodium hypochlorite concentration of 3.99 g of chloride per liter was achieved with an operating time of 120 min,a sodium chloride concentration of 100 g of chloride per liter,and a current intensity of 70 A,reaching an energy efficiency of 42.56 mg of Cl_(2) per *** addition,this study evaluated the influences of the chloride concentration,current intensity,and operating time on the production of sodium hypochlorite at the two scales,and formulated the equations showing the trends of sodium hypochlorite production and energy efficiency in the electrochemical *** 22-L prototype model for production of this oxidizing substance is promising for disinfection of large volumes of water in areas that are difficult to access.

关键词： Disinfection Electrolysis Energy efficiency Optimization Sodium hypochlorite

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Revolutionizing plasmonic platform via magnetic field-assisted confined ultrafast laser deposition of high-density,uniform,and ultrafine nanoparticle arrays

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 428-438页

作者： Jin Xu Lingfeng Wang Peilin Yang Haoqing Jiang Huai Zheng Licong An Xingtao Liu Gary J Cheng School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906United States of America institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072People’s Republic of China

The remarkable capabilities of 2D plasmonic surfaces in controlling optical waves havegarnered significant ***,the challenge of large-scale manufacturing of uniform,well-aligned,and tunable plasmonic surfaces has hindered their *** address this,we present a groundbreaking tunable plasmonic platform design achieved throughmagnetic field(MF)assisted ultrafast laser direct deposition in *** precise control of metal nanoparticles(NPs),with cobalt(Co)serving as the model material,employing an MF,and fine-tuning ultrafast laser parameters,we have effectively converted coarse and non-uniform NPs into densely packed,uniform,and ultrafine NPs(~3 nm).This revolutionary advancement results in the creation of customizable plasmonic‘hot spots,’which play a pivotal role insurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)*** profound impact of this designable plasmonic platform lies in its close association with plasmonic resonance and *** the plasmonic nanostructures resonate with incident light,they generate intense local electromagnetic fields,thus vastly increasing the Raman scattering *** enhancement leads to an outstanding 2–18 fold boost in SERS performance and unparalleled sensing sensitivity down to 10^(-10)***,the plasmonic platform also demonstratesrobustness,retaining its sensing capability even after undergoing 50 cycles of rinsing andre-loading of ***,this work adheres to green manufacturing standards,making it an efficient and environmentally friendly method for customizing plasmonic‘hot spots’inSERS *** study not only achieves the formation of high-density,uniform,and ultrafine NP arrays on a tunable plasmonic platform but also showcases the profound relation betweenplasmonic resonance and energy *** outstanding results observed in SERS sensors further emphasize the immense potential of this technology for energy-relatedapplications,including photocatalysis,ph

关键词： magnetic field manipulation laser deposition metasurface SERS

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The research progress of an E//B neutral particle analyzer

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第3期26卷 10-16页

作者：马龙屈玉凡罗圆谢德豪汪彦熹王硕曲国峰任培培罗小兵刘星泉韩纪锋 Roy WADA 林炜平臧临阁朱敬军 Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education Institute of Nuclear Science and TechnologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610064People's Republic of China Southwestern institute of Physics Chengdu 610064People's Republic of China Cyclotron institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843United States of America

An E//B neutral particle analyzer(NPA)has been designed and is under development at Sichuan University and Southwestern institute of *** main purpose of the E//B NPA is to measure the distribution function of fast ions in the HL-2A/3 *** E//B NPA contains three main units,*** stripping unit,the analyzing unit and the detection unit.A gas stripping chamber was adopted as the stripping *** results of the simulations and beam tests for the stripping chamber are *** electric and magnetic fields provided by a NdFeB permanent magnet and two parallel electric plates were designed and constructed for the analyzing *** calibration of the magnetic and electric fields was performed using a 50 kV electron cyclotron resonance ion source(ECRIS)*** detection unit consists of 32lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate(LYSO)detector modules arranged in two *** response functions ofα,hydrogen ions(H^(+),H_(2)^(+)and H_(3)^(+))andγfor a detector module were measured with^(241)Am,^(137)Cs and^(152)Eu sources together with the 50 kV ECRIS *** overall results indicate that the designed E//B NPA device is capable of measuring the intensity of neutral hydrogen and deuteron atoms with energy higher than 20 keV.

关键词： E//B neutral particle analyzer gas stripping lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate electron cyclotron resonance ion source platform

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William Morris,Establishing the Foundation for the Advancement of TCM in the US

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2024年第1期7卷 29-40页

作者： Ioannis Solos Charles Buck William Morris Saint George Clinic and Research institute Scottsdale 85251the United States of America Northern College of Acupuncture Micklegate YO16LJthe United Kingdom AOMA Graduate School of Integrative Medicine Austin 78745the United States of America

The interview was conducted on March 2nd, 2023 by Ioannis Solos and Charles Buck. William Morris has sustained practice since 1980. He has served on the California, Texas and Massachusetts Professional Associations, as well as the National Association. He has tendered 20 years of service to the field through academic medicine, earning a master’s degree in medical education to assist in developing Chinese medical doctoral programs and institutional review boards. He earned an OM.D. in 1988, a DAOM in 2002, and a Ph.D. focused on pulse diagnosis as clinical epistemology in 2009. He has published five books, including TCM Case Studies Dermatology, Li Shi-zhen Pulse Studies: An Illustrated Guide, Neoclassical Pulse Diagnosis, Cycles in Medical Astrology, and Transformation: Treating Trauma with Acupuncture and Herbs.

关键词： Acupuncture sustained diagnosis

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Additively manufactured Ti–Ta–Cu alloys for the next-generation load-bearing implants

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 353-374页

作者： Amit Bandyopadhyay Indranath Mitra Sushant Ciliveri Jose D Avila William Dernell Stuart B Goodman Susmita Bose W.M.Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Department of Orthopedic Surgery Stanford University Medical CenterRedwood CityCA 94063United States of America

Bacterial colonization of orthopedic implants is one of the leading causes of failure and clinical complexities for load-bearing metallic implants. Topical or systemic administration of antibiotics may not offer the most efficient defense against colonization, especially in the case of secondary infection, leading to surgical removal of implants and in some cases even limbs. In this study, laser powder bed fusion was implemented to fabricate Ti3Al2V alloy by a 1:1 weight mixture of CpTi and Ti6Al4V powders. Ti-Tantalum(Ta)–Copper(Cu) alloys were further analyzed by the addition of Ta and Cu into the Ti3Al2V custom alloy. The biological,mechanical, and tribo-biocorrosion properties of Ti3Al2V alloy were evaluated. A 10 wt.% Ta(10Ta) and 3 wt.% Cu(3Cu) were added to the Ti3Al2V alloy to enhance biocompatibility and impart inherent bacterial resistance. Additively manufactured implants were investigated for resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus strains of bacteria for up to 48 h. A 3 wt.% Cu addition to Ti3Al2V displayed improved antibacterial efficacy, i.e.78%–86% with respect to CpTi. Mechanical properties for Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy were evaluated, demonstrating excellent fatigue resistance, exceptional shear strength, and improved tribological and tribo-biocorrosion characteristics when compared to Ti6Al4V. In vivo studies using a rat distal femur model revealed improved early-stage osseointegration for alloys with10 wt.% Ta addition compared to CpTi and Ti6Al4V. The 3 wt.% Cu-added compositions displayed biocompatibility and no adverse infammatory response in vivo. Our results establish the Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy’s synergistic effect on improving both in vivo biocompatibility and microbial resistance for the next generation of load-bearing metallic implants.

关键词： Ti6Al4V load-bearing implants additive manufacturing 3D printing antibacterial performance

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Coated boron layers by boronization and a real-time boron coating using an impurity powder dropper in the LHD

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第8期26卷 25-31页

作者： Naoko ASHIKAWA Robert LUNSFORD Federico NESPOLI Erik GILSON Yaowei YU Jiansheng HU Shinichiro KADO National institute for Fusion Science Toki 509-5292Japan Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton NJ 08540United States of America institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

In the Large Helical Device(LHD),diborane(B2H6)is used as a standard boron source for boronization,which is assisted by helium glow *** 2019,a new Impurity Powder Dropper(IPD)system was installed and is under evaluation as a real-time wall conditioning *** the LHD,which is a large-sized heliotron device,an additional helium(He)glow discharge cleaning(GDC)after boronization was operated for a reduction in hydrogen recycling from the coated boron *** operational time of 3 h was determined by spectroscopic data during glow discharges.A flat hydrogen profile is obtained on the top surface of the coated boron on the specimen exposed to *** results suggest a reduction in hydrogen at the top surface by *** oxygen in coated boron was obtained by boronization,and the coated boron,which has boron-oxide,on the first wall by B-IPD was also *** the difference in coating areas between B2H6 boronization and B-IPD operation,it would be most effective to use the IPD and B2H6 boronization coating together for optimized wall conditioning.

关键词： boron layer oxygen impurity hydrogen recycling impurity powder dropper LHD EAST

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Restimate:Recovery Estimation Tool for Resilience Planning

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 47-63页

作者： Scott Miles Megan Ly Nick Terry Youngjun Choe Department of Human Centered Design&Engineering Campus Box 352315University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States of America Department of Industrial&Systems Engineering Box 352650University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States of America

The *** institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)published the Community Resilience Planning Guide in *** NIST Guide advocates for a participatory process for developing a performance measurement framework for the jurisdiction’s resilience against a scenario *** framework centers around tables of expected and desired recovery times for selected community assets,such as electricity,water,and natural gas *** NIST Guide does not provide a method for estimating the expected recovery ***,building high-fidelity computer models for such estimations requires substantial resources that even larger ju-risdictions cannot *** most promising approach to recovery time estimation is to systematically use data elicited from people to tap into the wisdom of the(knowledgeable)*** paper describes a novel research-through-design project to enable the computer-supported elicitation of recovery time series *** work is the first in the literature to examine people’s ability to estimate recovery curves and how design in-fluences such *** main contribution to resilience planning is three-fold:development of a new elicitation tool called Restimate,understanding its potential user base,and providing insights into how it can facilitate resilience *** is the first tool to enable evidence-based expert elicitation in any community with limited resources for resilience *** resilience planning,those who facilitate high-stakes planning activities under large uncertainties(e.g.,mission-critical system design and planning)will benefit from a similar research-through-design process.

关键词： expert elicitation disaster natural hazard infrastructure community resilience restoration user-centered design computer-supported cooperative work

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Rekindling *** Cooperation

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Beijing Review 2024年第26期67卷 22-23页

作者： Denis Simon The institute for China-america Studies in Washington D.C

Chinese President Xi Jinping's recent reply to a letter from Lamont Repollet,/President of Kean University in New Jersey,the U.S.,could not have occurred at a more opportune *** against the backdrop of the 50,000-student initiative announced by President Xi during a visit to the United States in November 2023,the letter emphasized the importance of educational exchanges in building positive bilateral relations,and called on universities in both countries to strengthen cooperation in pursuing ***.

关键词： U.S. letter universities

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The Transmission,Establishment and Cross-cultural Integration of Chinese Medicine in the Mainstream Healthcare,through the Eyes of a Generation of Visionaries and Pioneers

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2024年第1期7卷 1-4页

作者： Ioannis Solos Charles Buck Saint George Clinic and Research institute Scottsdale 85251the United States of America Northern College of Acupuncture Micklegate YO16LJthe United Kingdom

It has historically been very difficult to trace the history of the westward transmission of Chinese medicine through the accounts of its protagonists. Many of the early scholars such as Jack Worsley, Dick Van Buren, and Joe Goodman were reluctant to divulge information about the source of their knowledge, or their professional qualifications. Others, such as John Shen and Hong Yuan-bain were early 20th century immigrants who transmitted highly personalized versions of acupuncture and Chinese medicine to select disciples. Eventually, a new class of scholars appeared, including names such as Ted Kaptchuk, Peter Deadman, Nigel Wiseman, William Morris, Peter Eckman, John Mc Donald, Charles Buck, and the late Giovanni Maciocia who looked for answers back in China, developed translation methodologies and terminology, compiled the main textbooks currently in use at TCM colleges, overcame enormous scholastic adversity, developed courses and pursued the regulation and accreditation of TCM in various countries. This special issue synopsizes the path towards the global acculturation of TCM over the last 50 years, the main protagonists, the enormous accomplishments they have achieved for the profession, their philosophy, their clinical perspectives and visions for the future.

关键词： Chinese medicine Cross-cultural integration Westward transmission James Reston Acupuncture History

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Real-time data processing method for CO_(2) dispersion interferometer on EAST

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第8期26卷 121-126页

作者：张家敏姚远刘郁阳储宇奇阮天翼张耀刘海庆揭银先凌必利 institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026People’s Republic of China University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCalifornia 90095United States of America

A real-time data processing system is designed for the carbon dioxide dispersion interferometer(CO_(2)-DI)on *** system utilizes the parallel and pipelining capabilities of an fieldprogrammable gate array(FPGA)to digitize and process the intensity of signals from the ***,the real-time electron density signals are exported through a digital-to-analog converter(DAC)module in the form of analog *** system has been successfully applied in the CO_(2)-DI system to provide low-latency electron density input to the plasma control system on *** results of the latest campaign with long-pulse discharges on EAST(2022–2023)demonstrate that the system can respond effectively in the case of rapid density changes,proving its reliability and accuracy for future electron density calculation.

关键词： dispersion interferometer real-time electron density FPGA EAST

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