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ZnO/ZnS heterostructure in N-doped porous carbon for anchoring-diffusion-conversion of polysulfides for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3661-3676页

作者： Fei Wang Rong-Wei Huang Wen-Chang Han Chun-Man Yang Wen-Hao Yang Peng Dong Chao-Ling Wu Yi-Yong Zhang Xue Li Ying-Jie Zhang National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for LithiumIon Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Batteries Materials of Yunnan ProvinceFaculty of Metallurgical and Energy EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Engineering Research Center of alternative energy Materials and Devices Sichuan UniversityMinistry of EducationChengdu 610065China

The shuttle effect of polysulfides is one of the key factors hindering the commercialization of lithiumsulfur batteries(LSBs).Owing to their high conductivity and advantageous structure,heterostructures can be used in sulfur fixation and catalysis of *** this study,a flower-shaped ZnO/ZnS heterostructure on a nitrogendoped porous carbon(NPC) sulfur host was *** ZnO/ZnS heterostructure regulates the electronic structure of the material and exhibits higher metal-like ***,the ZnO/ZnS heterostructure combines the strong adsorption property of ZnO and the high catalytic ability of ZnS to realize the anchoring-diffusionconversion of lithium poly sulfides(LiPSs).Results reveal that the developed ZnO/ZnS@NPC/S cathode has excellent electrochemical performance in LSBs,achieving a high discharge specific capacity of 1365.3 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1C and excellent rate capability(719 mAh·g^(-1) at 2C;the capacity decay rate is only 0.042% per cycle after 1000 cycles).Even under a high sulfur loading-E/S(electrolyte/sulfur)ratio of 5.1 mg·cm^(-2)-6 μl·mg^(-1),a high specific capacity of 723.7 mAh·g^(-1) is maintained after 60 *** study provides a new strategy for a multifunctional sulfur host that can effectively alleviate the shuttle effect of LiPSs and improve the utilization of sulfur active substances.

关键词： ZnO/ZnS heterostructure Lithium-sulfur batteries Density functional theory Anchor Conversion

Recent progress in thermodynamic and kinetics modification of magnesium hydride hydrogen storage materials

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Materials Reports(energy) 2024年第1期4卷 3-22页

作者： Yafei Liu Yusang Guo Yaru Jiang Lizhuang Feng Yu Sun Yijing Wang Key laboratory of Advanced energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of EducationRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage CenterCollege of ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin300071PR China

Hydrogen energy has emerged as a pivotal solution to address the global energy crisis and pave the way for a cleaner,low-carbon,secure,and efficient modern energy system.A key imperative in the utilization of hydrogen energy lies in the development of high-performance hydrogen storage ***-based hydrogen storage materials exhibit remarkable advantages,including high hydrogen storage density,cost-effectiveness,and abundant magnesium resources,making them highly promising for the hydrogen energy ***,practical applications of magnesium hydride for hydrogen storage face significant challenges,primarily due to their slow kinetics and stable thermodynamic ***,we briefly summarize the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of MgH2,encompassing strategies such as alloying,nanoscaling,catalyst doping,and composite system construction to enhance its hydrogen storage ***,nanoscaling and catalyst doping have emerged as more effective modification *** discussion focuses on the thermodynamic changes induced by nanoscaling and the kinetic enhancements resulting from catalyst *** emphasis lies in the synergistic improvement strategy of incorporating nanocatalysts with confinement materials,and we revisit typical works on the multi-strategy optimization of *** conclusion,we conduct an analysis of outstanding challenges and issues,followed by presenting future research and development prospects for MgH2 as hydrogen storage materials.

关键词： Magnesium hydride Thermodynamics and kinetics Catalyst doping Nanostructures Hydrogenation and dehydrogenation

Finite Element Method for Transient Electric Field by Using Indirect Laplace Transform with High Accuracy

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CSEE Journal of Power and energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 401-411页

作者： Teng Wen Xiang Cui Xuebao Li Sijia Liu Zhibin Zhao State Key laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with renewable energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China China Electric Power Planning&Engineering Institute Beijing 100120China

This paper focuses on the finite element method in the complex frequency domain(CFD-FEM)for the transient electric ***,the initial value and boundary value problem of the transient electric field under the electroquasistatic field in the complex frequency domain is *** addition,the finite element equation and the constrained electric field equation on the boundary are ***,the indirect algorithm of the numerical inverse Laplace transform is *** on it,the calculation procedures of the CFD-FEM are illustrated in ***,the step response,zero-state response under the positive periodic square waveform(PPSW)voltage,and the zero-input response by the CFD-FEM with direct algorithm and indirect algorithm are ***,the reason for the numerical oscillations of the zero-state response under the PPSW voltage is analyzed,and the method to reduce oscillations is *** results show that the numerical accuracy of the indirect algorithm of the CFD-FEM is more than an order of magnitude higher than that of the direct algorithm when calculating the step response of the transient electric *** proposed method can significantly reduce the numerical oscillations of the zero-state response under the PPSW *** proposed method is helpful for the calculation of the transient electric field,especially in the case of frequency-dependent parameters.

关键词： Electroquasistatic field transient electric field finite element method complex frequency domain numerical Laplace transform

Reanalysis of energy band structure in the type-II quantum wells

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 75-78页

作者：李欣欣邓震江洋杜春花贾海强王文新陈弘 Key laboratory for renewable energy Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and DevicesBeijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China The Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center Liyang 213000China Songshan Lake Materials laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Band structure analysis holds significant importance for understanding the optoelectronic characteristics of semiconductor structures and exploring their potential applications in practice. For quantum well structures, the energy of carriers in the well splits into discrete energy levels due to the confinement of barriers in the growth direction. However, the discrete energy levels obtained at a fixed wave vector cannot accurately reflect the actual energy band structure. In this work, the band structure of the type-II quantum wells is reanalyzed. When the wave vectors of the entire Brillouin region(corresponding to the growth direction) are taken into account, the quantized energy levels of the carriers in the well are replaced by subbands with certain energy distributions. This new understanding of the energy bands of low-dimensional structures not only helps us to have a deeper cognition of the structure, but also may overturn many viewpoints in traditional band theories and serve as supplementary to the band theory of low-dimensional systems.

关键词： energy band structure type-II quantum wells low-dimensional semiconductors

Multicolor V_(2)O_(5)/TiO_(2)electrochromic films with fast switching and long lifespan for camouflage and information display

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Science China Materials 2024年第9期67卷 2807-2817页

作者： Xingru Wang Yang Zheng Lirong Chen Rui Ge Chengyu Jiang Gang Xu Xiudi Xiao School of energy Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of New and renewable energy Research and Development Guangzhou Institute of Energy ConversionChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510640China School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China State Key laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

V_(2)O_(5),which has multicolor and energy storage properties,is a promising electrochromic material for multifunctional electrochromic devices,but its practical application is limited by its poor lifespan and long switching *** this work,high-performance V_(2)O_(5)/TiO_(2)films were fabricated by spraying a V_(2)O_(5)solution on in situ-grown TiO_(2)*** to the porous structure formed between the TiO_(2)nanorods and the remarkable electron transfer performance of TiO_(2),the switching time of the V_(2)O_(5)/TiO_(2)films ***,the strong adhesion between the TiO_(2)nanorods and F-doped tin oxide(FTO)glass and the increased surface roughness of the substrates significantly improved the cycling stability of the V_(2)O_(5)/TiO_(2)*** a large transmittance modulation(47.8%at 668 nm),fast response speed(τ_(c)=5.1 s,τ_(b)=4.2 s),and long lifespan,V_(2)O_(5)/TiO_(2)films were used as electrodes for the electrochromic energy storage device(EESD),which switched in six colors through color overlay:dark orange,sandy yellow,green-yellow,yellow-green,dark green,and dark *** by pixel displays,EESDs were designed by segmenting V_(2)O_(5)films to stagger the display of the electrochromic and ion storage layers,which presented 11 types of information based on different combinations of *** work provides inspiration for developing multifunctional electrochromic devices,especially for camouflage and information displays.

关键词： V_(2)O_(5)/TiO_(2)films electrochromic energy storage devices multicolor display

High-response formamidine bromide lead hybrid cadmium sulfide photodetector

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 159-166页

作者：刘耀刘磊张锐峰杨伟业刘应开 Institute of Physics and Electronic Information Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500China Yunnan Key laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Technology Kunming 650500China Key laboratory of Advanced Technique&Preparation for renewable energy Materials Ministry of EducationYunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500China

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite formamidinium lead bromide nanosheet(FAPb Br_(3)NS)is regarded as a superior substance used to construct optoelectronic ***,its uncontrollable stability seriously affects its application in the field of *** this paper,FAPb Br_(3)is combined with cadmium sulfide nanobelt(Cd S NB)to construct a hybrid device that greatly improves the stability and performance of the *** response of the FAPb Br_(3)NS/Cd S NB detector under 490 nm light illumination reaches 5712 A/W,while the response of the FAPb Br_(3)photodetector under equivalent conditions is only 25.45 A/*** photocurrent of the FAPb Br_(3)NS/Cd S NB photodetector is nearly 80.25%of the initial device after exposure to air for 60 *** difference in electric field distribution between the single material device and the composite device is simulated by the finite-difference time-domain *** shows the advantages of composite devices in photoconductive gain and directly promotes the hybrid device *** paper presents a new possibility for high stability,fast response photodetectors.

关键词： organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite stability finite-difference time-domain photodetector

Function-reversible facets enabling SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals for improved photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Frontiers in energy 2024年第1期18卷 101-109页

作者： Bin WANG Bei AN Xiaoqian LI Shaohua SHEN School of Physics Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter(Ministry of Education)Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Advanced Materials and Mesoscopic PhysicsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China International Research Center for renewable energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

It has been widely reported that,for faceted nanocrystals,the two adjacent facets with different band levels contribute to promoted charge separation,and provide active sites for photocatalytic reduction and oxidation reaction,*** such cases,only one family of facets can be used for photocatalytic hydrogen ***,by using SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals enclosed by{023}and{001}facets as a model photocatalyst,this paper proposed a strategy to achieve the full-facets-utilization of the nanocrystals for photocatalytic hydrogen via chemically depositing Pt nanoparticles on all *** photo-deposition experiment of CdS provided direct evidence to demonstrate that the{023}facets which were responsible for photooxidation reaction can be function-reversed for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution after depositing Pt nanoparticles,together with the{001}***,the full-facets-utilization led to a much-improved activity for photocatalytic hydrogen,in contrast to those SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals with only{001}facets deposited by Pt nanoparticles via a photo-deposition method.

关键词： SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals crystal facets photocatalysis hydrogen evolution

Optimization of the methane production in batch anaerobic digestion of maize straw by adjustment of total solid and substrate-to-inoculum ratio based on kinetics

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 225-231页

作者： Feng Zhen Tao Xing Lianhua Li Yongming Sun Hongqiong Zhang Guangzhou Institute of energy Conversion Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of New and renewable energy Research and Development Guangzhou 510640China College of Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Anaerobic digestion(AD)operating under conditions of organic overload stress typically exacerbates the potential for process instability,thereby resulting in significant economic and ecological *** this investigation,an augmented substrate-to-inoculum ratio(S/I)along with varying total solid content(TS)levels was employed to replicate diverse organic loadings,utilizing maize straw and cattle *** findings reveal that a moderate augmentation in S/I and TS proves advantageous in augmenting methane yield,while an excessive substrate loading diminishes methane yield,hampers the kinetics of methane production,and even induces severe process *** study also displayed the variation of the model parameters for the first-order model,the modified Gompertze model,and the transfer function *** the modified Gompertze model and transfer function model exhibited the same environmental stress ***,both the increase in particulate content and the increase in S/I had a substantial effect on the substrate conversion rate to *** analysis demonstrates the dominant influence of Firmicutes and Methanosarcina under different organic loading *** both a kinetic and a microbiological point of view,this work provides novel insights into the fundamental processes that regulate anaerobic digestion(AD)under varying loading ***,it has significant implications for improving the operating efficiency of AD,which is a significant benefit.

关键词： maize straw dry anaerobic digestion methane production microbial characteristics kinetic model

Al^(3+) doped CeO_(2) for proton conducting fuel cells

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第10期31卷 2253-2262页

作者： Sarfraz Shahzad Rasool Muhammad Khalid MAKYousaf Shah Bin Zhu Jung-Sik Kim Muhammad Imran Asghar Nabeela Akbar Wenjing Dong Jiangsu Provincial Key laboratory of Solar energy Science and Technology/energy Storage joint Research Center School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China School of Microelectronics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Sino-French Engineer School/School of General Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China renewable energy Technologies Group Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesTampere UniversityFI-33014Finland

Developing high ionic conducting electrolytes is crucial for applying proton-conducting fuel cell(PCFCs)*** cur-rent study investigates the effect of alumina on the structural,morphological,electrical,and electrochemical properties of CeO_(2).Lattice oxygen vacancies are induced in CeO_(2) by a general doping concept that enables fast ionic conduction at low-temperature ranges(300-500℃)for *** refinement of the X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns established the pure cubic fluorite structure of Al-doped CeO_(2)(ADC)samples and confirmed Al ions’fruitful integration in the CeO_(2) *** electronic structure of the alumina-doped ceria of the materials(10ADC,20ADC,and 30ADC)has been *** a result,it was found that the best composition of 30ADC-based electrolytes induced maximum lattice oxygen *** corresponding PCFC exhibited a maximum power output of 923 mW/cm^(2)at 500℃.Moreover,the investigation proves the proton-conducting ability of alumina-doped ceria-based fuel cells by using an oxide ion-blocking layer.

关键词： proton ceramic fuel cells oxygen vacancies higher fuel cell performance doping fast ions transportation