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Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease:an integrative review

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 82-92页

作者： Stiven Roytman Rebecca Paalanen Giulia Carli Uros Marusic Prabesh Kanel Teus van Laar Nico I.Bohnen Department of Radiology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Morris K.Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease Research University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Institute for Kinesiology Research Science and Research Centre KoperKoperSlovenia Department of Health Sciences Alma Mater Europaea–ECMMariborSlovenia Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Neurology Service and GRECC VA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn ArborMIUSA

Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging *** and gait control does not happen automatically,as previously believed,but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous *** effectively exert control over the body,the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information,including visual,vestibular,and somatosensory *** mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present *** multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older *** emphasis,however,has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and *** the present work,we review the contributions of somatosensory,visual,and vestibular modalities,along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson’s *** also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows,previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older ***,we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates,both at the level of neurobiology(concerning positron emission tomography imaging)and at the level of electrophysiology(concerning electroencephalography).We hope that this integrative review,drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience,paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches,to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： aging balance encephalography functional magnetic resonance imaging gait multisensory integration Parkinson’s disease positron emission tomography somatosensory vestibular visual

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A novel solution treatment and aging for powder bed fusion-laser beam Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo alloy:Microstructural and mechanical characterization

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2025年第2期32卷 414-424页

作者： Gianluca Pirro Alessandra Martucci Alessandro Morri Mariangela Lombardi Lorella Ceschini Department of Industrial Engineering(DIN) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaBologna 40136Italy Department of Applied Science and Technology(DISAT) Politecnico di TorinoTorino TO 10129Italy

Ti-6Al-4Zr-2Sn-6Mo alloy is one of the most recent titanium alloys processed using powder bed fusion-laser beam(PBF-LB)*** alloy has the potential to replace Ti-6Al-4V in automotive and aerospace applications,given its superior mechanical properties,which are approximately 10%higher in terms of ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and yield strength after appropriate heat *** as-built conditions,the alloy is characterized by the presence of soft orthorhombicα″martensite,necessitating a postprocessing heat treatment to decompose this phase and enhance the mechanical properties of the ***,PBFed Ti6246 components undergo an annealing process that transforms theα″martensite into anα-βlamellar *** primary objective of this research was to develop a solution treatment and aging(STA)heat treatment tailored to the unique microstructure produced by the additive manufacturing process to achieve an ultrafine bilamellar microstructure reinforced by precipitation *** study investigated the effects of various solution temperatures in theα-βfield(ranging from 800 to 875℃),cooling media(air and water),and aging time to determine the optimal heat treatment parameters for achieving the desired bilamellar *** each heat treatment condition,differentα-βmicrostructures were found,varying in terms of theα/βratio and the size of the primaryα-phase *** attention was given to how these factors were influenced by increases in solution temperature and how microhardness correlated with the percentage of the metastableβphase present after *** tests were performed on samples subjected to the most promising heat treatment parameters.A comparison with literature data revealed that the optimized STA treatment enhanced hardness and UTS by13%and 23%,respectively,compared with those of the annealed *** surface analyses were conducted to investigate fracture mechanisms.

关键词： powder bed fusion-laser beam titanium alloys heat treatments mechanical properties fractographic analysis

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Problematics of neurosurgical service during the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第34期10卷 12462-12469页

作者： Matic Munda Roman Bosnjak Tomaz Velnar Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia alma mater europaea AMEU-ECMMaribor 2000Slovenia

The novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is an ongoing disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 that still poses an important and urgent threat to global *** Slovenia,the epidemic was declared on March 12th,2020,and since then COVID-19 has had a great impact on our health *** field of neurosurgery in particular has been experiencing difficulties in both elective and emergency *** this article,we described epidemiologic protocols and the effect that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the surgical practice and workflow of the Department of Neurosurgery at the University Medical Centre *** analyzed and compared the number of elective and emergency neurosurgical procedures in a 2-year period before and during the *** recorded a drop in cases mostly on account of elective procedures whilst emergency service remained relatively unaffected.

关键词： Neurosurgery COVID-19 Pandemic Epidemic measures Slovenia Ljubljana

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Key stakeholders’ perspectives on the ideal partnering culture in construction projects

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2022年第2期9卷 312-325页

作者： Gunnar J.LUHR Marian G.C.BOSCH-REKVELDT Mladen RADUJKOVIC alma mater europaea ecm 2000 MariborSlovenia Delft University of Technology 2600 AA DelftThe Netherlands

This paper examines the current state of project cultures in the German turnkey construction industry and the ideal project cultures in terms of partnering from the perspective of various key stakeholders(i.e.,Investors,General Contractors,(Sub-)Contractors and Designers).To investigate the current and ideal cultures,data were gathered among the key stakeholders by means of a survey study with 72 respondents divided over 12 *** respondents rated the current and desired cultures by using the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument,which belongs to the Competing Values *** investigations show many similarities and differences between the stakeholder perspectives of the current and the idealized partnering project ***,the General Contractors desire more cooperative behaviors than the(Sub-)Contractors,and the Investors desire more pronounced flexibility than the General *** stakeholders desire a cultural change from highly competitive behaviors toward more *** in terms of clear procedures or more flexibility are only desired by the *** both the current and an ideal partnering project culture enables academics and project managers to compare their actual project cultures to an ideal *** such an approach,academics and project managers could measure whether new tools or changes in resources affect their project cultures toward a partnering project culture.

关键词： project culture organisational culture partnering construction culture stakeholder perspectives German

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Clinical infections in neurosurgical oncology:An overview

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第15期11卷 3418-3433页

作者： Tomaz Velnar Nina Kocivnik Roman Bosnjak Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia alma mater europaea-ecm maribor Maribor 2000Slovenia Faculty of Pharmacy University of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia

Central nervous system(CNS)infections are urgent conditions with high morbidity and ***,viruses,parasites or fungi can cause *** infections after craniotomies are an important complication of treatment,especially in oncological patients that are already immunologically compromised due to the disease and *** consequence of CNS infections in oncological patients includes longer treatment with antibiotics,additional surgical procedures,higher treatment costs and poorer treatment ***,the management of primary pathology may be prolonged or postponed as a result of the active *** introducing new and improved protocols,tightening controls on their implementation,constantly educating the entire team involved in patient treatment and educating both patients and relatives,the incidence of infections can be reduced effectively.

关键词： Infection Central nervous system Neurosurgery Oncology

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Endplate role in the degenerative disc disease:A brief review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第1期11卷 17-29页

作者： Tomaz Velnar Lidija Gradisnik Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia alma mater europaea maribor Maribor 2000Slovenia Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of MariborUniversity of MariborMaribor 2000Slovenia

The degenerative disease of the intervertebral disc is nowadays an important health problem,which has still not been understood and solved *** vertebral endplate is regarded as one of the vital elements in the structure of the intervertebral *** constituent cells,the chondrocytes in the endplate,may also be involved in the process of the intervertebral disc degeneration and their role is central both under physiological and pathological *** main functions include a role in homeostasis of the extracellular environment of the intervertebral disc,metabolic support and nutrition of the discal nucleus and annulus beneath and the preservation of the extracellular ***,it is understandable that the cells in the endplate have been in the centre of research from several viewpoints,such as development,degeneration and growth,reparation and remodelling,as well as treatment *** this article,we briefly review the importance of vertebral endplate,which are often overlooked,in the intervertebral disc degeneration.

关键词： Intervertebral disc Endplate Degenerative disc disease Chondrocytes Extracellular matrix

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A case of leptospirosis simulating colon cancer with liver metastases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第16期10卷 2455-2456页

作者： AlessandroGranito GiorgioBallardini MarcoFusconi UmbertoVolta PaoloMuratori Vittorio Sambri Giuseppe Battista Francesco B.Bianchi Departments of Internal Medicine CardioangiologyHepatologyAlma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaItaly Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of icrobiologyAlma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaItaly Department of Radiology Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaItaly

We report a case of a 61-year-old man who presented with fatigue,abdominal pain and *** tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed hepatomegaly and multiple hepatic lesions highly suggestive of metastatic *** to the endoscopic finding of colon ulcer,colon cancer with liver metastases was *** a slight increase of transaminases,alkaline phosphatase and gammaglutamyl transpeptidase were present;α- fetoprotein,carcinoembryogenic antigen and carbohydrate 19-9 antigen serum levels were *** and instrumental investigations,including colon and liver biopsies revealed no signs of *** the light of spontaneous improvement of symptoms and CT findings,his personal history was revaluated revealing direct contact with pigs and their *** of leptospirosis was considered and confirmed by detection of an elevated titer of antibodies to *** two mo,biochemical data,CT and colonoscopy were totally normal.

关键词： Colonic Neoplasms Colonoscopy Contrast Media Diagnosis, Differential Gram-Negative Bacteria purification Humans Leptospirosis Liver Function Tests Liver Neoplasms Male Middle Aged Tetracycline Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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Post reperfusion syndrome during liver transplantation:From pathophysiology to therapy and preventive strategies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第4期22卷 1551-1569页

作者： Antonio Siniscalchi Lorenzo Gamberini Cristiana Laici Tommaso Bardi Giorgio Ercolani Laura Lorenzini Stefano Faenza Division of Anesthesiology Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna40138 BolognaItaly Division of Surgery Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna40138 BolognaItaly

This review aims at evaluating the existing evidence regarding post reperfusion syndrome, providing a description of the pathophysiologic mechanisms involved and possible management and preventive strategies. A Pub Med search was conducted using the Me SH database, "Reperfusion" AND "liver transplantation" were the combined Me SH headings; EMBASE and the Cochrane library were also searched using the same terms. 52 relevant studies and one ongoing trial were found. The concept of post reperfusion syndrome has evolved through years to a multisystemic disorder. The implications of the main organ, recipient and procedure related factors in the genesis of this complex syndrome are discussed in the text as the novel pharmacologic and technical approaches to reduce its incidence. However the available evidence about risk factors, physiopathology and preventive measures is still confusing, the presence of two main definitions and the numerosity of possible confounding factors greatly complicates the interpretation of the studies.

关键词： Liver transplantation Reperfusion Ischemiareperfusioninjury Hemodynamics Drug therapy

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Metabolomics characterization of colostrum in three sow breeds and its influences on piglets' survival and litter growth rates

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第3期9卷 618-629页

作者： Gianfranco Picone Martina Zappaterra Diana Luise Alessia Trimigno Francesco Capozzi Vincenzo Motta Roberta Davoli Leonardo Nanni Costa Paolo Bosi Paolo Trevisi Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna

Background: Colostrum is the first secretion produced by mammary glands during the hours immediately preceding and succeeding parturition. This secretion differs from milk and represents an essential vehicle of passive immunity,prebiotic compounds and growth factors involved in intestinal development. Most of the literature concerning colostrum composition refers mainly to human and cow; and little is known about pig colostrum metabolome and how it varies between pig breeds and different farrowing parity. Thus, the aim of the present research is to provide new information about pig colostrum composition and the associations between metabolites, the sows' breed and the survival and growth rates of their ***: Colostrum samples were gathered from 58 parturitions of sows belonging to three different breeds chosen for their importance in Italian heavy pig production: 31 Large White, 15 Landrace and 12 Duroc respectively. The defatted and ultrafiltered colostrum samples were analysed using1 H–NMR spectroscopy. Principal Components Analysis(PCA) was assessed on the obtained spectra. In addition, using a Stepwise Regression and a Linear Regression analyses the metabolites named after the signals assignment were tested for their associations with piglets' ***-five metabolites were identified, comprehending monosaccharides, disaccharides(such as lactose), organic acids(lactate, citrate, acetate and formate), nitrogenous organic acids(such as creatine) and other compounds,including nucleotides. PCA results evidence a clustering due to breed and season effects. Lactose was the main compound determining the assignment of the samples into different clusters according to the sow breed. Furthermore, some metabolites showed to be associated with piglets' performance and survival traits: acetate and taurine were positively related to litter weight gain and piglets' survival rate, respectively, while dimethylamine and cis-aconitate were linked to new-borns'

关键词： Colostrum 1H–NMR spectroscopy Metabolome Pig breeds Piglets survival

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Feeding broiler chickens with arginine above recommended levels:effects on growth performance,metabolism,and intestinal microbiota

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第4期14卷 1528-1541页

作者： Giorgio Brugaletta Marco Zampiga Luca Laghi Valentina Indio Chiara Oliveri Alessandra De Cesare Federico Sirri Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaOzzano Dell’Emilia40064 BolognaItaly Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaOzzano Dell’Emilia40064 BolognaItaly Department of Physics and Astronomy Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna40127 BolognaItaly

Background Arginine is an essential amino acid for chickens and feeding diets with arginine beyond the recommended levels has been shown to influence the growth performance of broiler chickens in a positive ***,further research is required to understand how arginine supplementation above the widely adopted dosages affects metabolism and intestinal health of ***,this study was designed to assess the effects of arginine supplementation(i.e.,total arginine to total lysine ratio of 1.20 instead of 1.06-1.08 recommended by the breeding company) on growth performance of broiler chickens and to explore its impacts on the hepatic and blood metabolic profiles,as well as on the intestinal *** this purpose,630 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were assigned to 2 treatments(7 replicates each) fed a control diet or a crystalline L-arginine-supplemented diet for 49 *** Compared to control birds,those supplemented with arginine performed significantly better exhibiting greater final body weight at D49(3778 vs.3937 g;P < 0.001),higher growth rate(76.15 vs.79.46 g of body weight gained daily;P < 0.001),and lower cumulative feed conversion ratio(1.808 vs.1.732;P < 0.05).Plasma concentrations of arginine,betaine,histidine,and creatine were greater in supplemented birds than in their control counterparts,as were those of creatine,leucine and other essential amino acids at the hepatic *** contrast,leucine concentration was lower in the caecal content of supplemented *** alpha diversity and relative abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria(specifically Escherichia coli),as well as increased abundance of Bacteroidetes and Lactobacillus salivarius were found in the caecal content of supplemented *** The improvement in growth performance corroborates the advantages of supplementing arginine in broiler *** can be hypothesized that the performance enhancement found in this study is associated with the i

关键词： Arginine Broiler chicken Growth performance Metabolism Microbiota

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