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Plant Seeds-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2013年第9期4卷 516-520页

作者： Monzir S. Abdel-Latif Taher M. El-Agez Sofyan A. Taya Amal Y. Batniji Hatem S. El-Ghamri Chemistry Department Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestinian Authority Physics Department Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestinian Authority

In this work, we investigate the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on natural dyes extracted from ten different plant seeds. The extracts were characterized by UV-VIS absorption spectra. The solar cells were assembled using a TiO2 mesoporous film on FTO-coated glass. The photovoltaic properties of the DSSCs were studied under an incident irradiation of 100 mW/cm2. The best performance was for the DSSC sensitized with Eruca sativa with a solar energy conversion efficiency of 0.725%. Moreover, the validity of these extracts was compared using two types of semiconductor layers (TiO2 and ZnO), and finally the photovoltaic properties of one of these dyes were studied using different types of electrolytes.

关键词： Renewable Energy Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Natural Dyes Plant Seeds

A GIS-Based DSS for Management of Water Distribution Networks (Rafah City as Case Study)

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2013年第3期5卷 281-291页

作者： alaeddinne Eljamassi Rola Ahmead Abeaid Faculty of Engineering Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine

The water problem in gaza Strip in Palestine is complicated;in reason of consumed water exceed the renewable water and high population density. The water situation is very important for mangers that are responsible of distribution, operation and maintenance of water networks to build an effective and complete comprehensive management of water distribution networks system. The main aim of this research is to study and evaluate the existing operation & maintenance system which is applied in Rafah area in gaza strip which selected as pilot study area. The proposed system deals with a huge quantity of data which is needed to propose an effective system that can save time, cost, and minimize the mistakes in managing operation & maintenance systems for water distribution networks, Geographic Information System Technology is selected as one of tool decision which deals with such quantity of data and can be linked with other software which can achieve the aim of this study. The research depended on the use of Arc GIS 9.3 datasets and Water CAD/WaterGEMS hydraulic modeling based on Decision Support System for proposed water distribution plan systems, proposed operation & maintenance systems, and use pipe condition index to assist operation & maintenance manager to take the best decision which saving time, effort, and cost.

关键词： GIS DSS Management Water Network

Path Integral Quantization of Doubly Supersymmetric Model

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2022年第2期10卷 245-253页

作者： Hanaa Abdulkareem Elegla Nasser Ismail Farahat Physics Department Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine

The Hamilton-Jacobi formalism is used to discuss the path integral quantization of the double supersymmetric models with the spinning superparticle in the component and superfield form. The equations of motion are obtained as total differential equations in many variables. The equations of motion are integrable, and the path integral is obtained as an integration over the canonical phase space coordinates.

关键词： Hamilton-Jacobi Formalism Singular Lagrangian Superparticle Superfield Supersymmetry

TransCAD and GIS Technique for Estimating Traffic Demand and Its Application in gaza City

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2013年第4期3卷 242-250页

作者： Essam almasri Mohammed al-Jazzar Department of Civil Engineering Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine

In the early nineties of the last century, the transportation system in gaza Strip was born and new infrastructure projects, especially road networks, were constructed. However, the construction lacked efficient application of a transportation planning process. Transportation planning relies on traffic demand forecasting process. The conventional process is impeded by extensive amount of socioeconomic data. One of the most widely-used models which mitigate this problem is the TransCAD Model. This model is rarely used in gaza Strip for traffic demand forecasting, and most of the practices depend mainly on a constant growth rate of traffic. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to apply this model in gaza City for traffic estimation. This model estimates the origin-destination matrix based on traffic count. The traffic count was carried out at 36 intersections distributed around gaza City. The results of traffic flow estimation obtained from TransCAD are assigned to the gaza maps using the GIS techniques for spatial analysis. It is shown that the most congested area at present is the middle of the city especially at aljala-Omer almokhtar intersection. Therefore, improvement scenarios of this area should be carried out. The results of calibration of traffic flow estimation show that the differences between the estimated and the actual flows were less than 10%. In addition, network evaluation results show that the network is expected to be more congested in 2015. This work can be used by transportation planners for testing any network improvement scenarios and for studying their network performance.

关键词： Transportation Planning Traffic Demand Forecasting Origin-Destination Estimation gaza GIS

The Effect of Light-Emitting Diode Light on the Physical Traits of Chicks

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2019年第4期9卷 481-491页

作者： Etimad alattar Khitam Elwasife Eqbal Radwan Biology Department Faculty of Science Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine Physics Department Faculty of Science Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine

Environmental conditions including light are considered a critical element of chicks well-being. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of LED light on the physical traits of chicks. We took forty-one-day-old chicks and randomly separated it into two groups. The chicks in the first group were reared under the effect of incandescent lamp light and in the second one were under the effect of white LED lighting. Chicks were daily monitored for individual chick body, weight gain, feed intake, feather color and fear responses. The distance between chicks and source of light was 50 cm. Student’s t-test test was used for statistical evaluation at p aled that LED light reared chicks were more active;it showed long mobility duration and high levels of exploration in the farm as compared to those in incandescent light group. The results also indicated that incandescent light chicks were less fearful than LED chicks. Furthermore, the study showed that LED light reared chicks have pale pink combs and white feathers that cover all over the body. On the other hand, incandescent light reared chicks have dark red combs and whitish-yellow feathers that cover certain areas of the body especially chick wings, tail and head.

关键词： Light Emitting Diode Incandescent Bulb Fear Response Physical Traits Tonic Immobility Test

Evaluation of the Impact of the Ongoing Water Resource Management Plans on Nitrate Concentration in gaza Coastal Aquifer Using Modeling Approach

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第12期6卷 1154-1172页

作者： Yunes Mogheir Khaled alTatari Environmental Engineering Department Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine Water Resources Management Program Civil Engineering Department Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine

Groundwater crisis in gaza includes two major folds: shortage of water supply and contamination. The groundwater pollution by nitrates increased rapidly as a result of wastewater leakage, sewage sludge, animal manure and N-fertilizers. The aims of this study are to obtain the impacts of implementing the gaza Emergency Technical Assistance Programme (GETAP) on the nitrate concentration in groundwater in gaza Strip using modeling approach. A flow and transport model using a three dimensional, finite difference simulation model (VMODFLOW Pro.) was applied to simulate the gaza coastal aquifer (GCA). The approach for selecting the management scenarios was carried out depending on the GETAP projects and focuses into the aquifer system during the next 24 years. It was estimated that work as usual scenario will raise the average nitrate concentration by 8.15 mg/l annually, while upgrade and maintain pipe work scenario will reduce the rising of average nitrate concentration by 4.51 mg/l annually. This means that the average nitrate concentration will increase by only 3.63 mg/l annually. also, it was estimated that scenarios imported water from Israel, construction of short term low volume desalination plant (STLV), Construction of two regional desalination plant and Reuse of treated wastewater in addition to decrease N-fertilizer will annually increase the average nitrate concentration by only (4.67, 2.78, 3.87, 2.15) mg/l, respectively. The results show that applying all the scenarios together will decrease the average nitrate concentration by 2.44 mg/l annually. Regionally, the best scenario to solve the increasing of nitrate concentration problem is a combination of those scenarios. In domestic areas, the best scenarios is STLV and upgrading and maintaining pipe work. In Agriculture areas, the best scenario and the only one that has significant effect is the reuse of treated wastewater in addition to decrease N-fertilizer.

关键词： gaza Strip Groundwater VMODFLOW Nitrate Flow Transport

Optimal Management of Brine from Seawater Desalination Plants in gaza Strip: Deir al Balah STLV Plant as Case Study

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第6期6卷 599-608页

作者： Yunes Mogheir Nasser al Bohissi Environmental Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine Civil Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine

Brine salty water that is produced from Reverse Osmosis desalination plants usually has very large quantity and contains much higher salts ratio than that found in the sea. The disposal of such brine water has risks on environment. The objective of the research is to investigate the best brine disposal option in gaza Strip. Five options for the disposal of brine were studied: 1) disposal of brine to the sea;2) discharge of brine to wastewater plant;3) deep well injection;4) evaporation pond and 5) land irrigation. The new desalination plant Short-Term Low Volume (STLV) of a capacity of 6000 m3/d was used as a case study. Initially, the cost for each option was calculated separately, where it was found that the least cost is to pump the brine to the sea without affecting the seawater and marine life. To support this decision, two methods were used to reach the optimal option for the disposal of brine: Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In MCA the measurement includes: economic, environmental, technical, political and social aspects, depending on a group of academics and experts in that field to fill in the questionnaire, which is a part of the analysis. As a result of that, the highest percentage among other options goes to pump the brine directly to the sea. On the other hand, the second method, which is Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), used the method of matrices among the different options and linked it with the standards that have been selected in the first method (MCDA). AHP method indicated also the best disposal of brine by pumping the brine to the sea.

关键词： Brine Reverse Osmosis Multi-Criteria Analytic Hierarchy Process

Blockchain in Smart Cities: Exploring Possibilities in Terms of Opportunities and Challenges

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2019年第3期7卷 118-139页

作者： Raed A. Salha Maher A. El-Hallaq Abdelkhalek I. alastal Geography and GIS Department Arts College Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine Civil Engineering Department Engineering College Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine

The ultimate aim of a smart city is to enhance the quality of life for its residents and businesses through modern technologies in order to reduce resource deterioration and maintain overall costs. From this perspective, blockchain is one of these technologies that has received much attention during the recent years as it offers new alternatives for individuals and institutions in the smart city context. This study aims to explore the potential and contribution of blockchain in smart cities by studying and reviewing the literature of scientific research on the concept and fundamentals of blockchain, involving its most practical applications. In addition, it summarizes worldwide examples of success in using blockchain as well as exploring the challenges and opportunities related to this technology in smart cities. Thus, this study provides a useful reference for researchers to review all about the new blockchain technology.

关键词： Blockchain Technology Consensus Distributed Ledger Smart Cities Smart Contracts

Mental Health and Quality of Life of Disable Palestinian Children in the gaza Strip

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Health 2015年第8期7卷 994-1006页

作者： Abdel Aziz Thabet Ahmed Abu Tawahina David Henley Henrick Pelling Panos Vostanis Kamal Abu Qamar School of Public Health Al Quds University Gaza Palestine gaza Community Mental Health Programme Gaza Palestine university Children’s Hospital Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden Department of Child Psychiatry University Hospital Uppsala Sweden university of Leicester Greenwood Institute of Child Health Leicester UK National Society for Rehabilitation Gaza Palestine

The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of mental health problems and quality of life among Palestinian disable children. The sample consisted of 391 disable Palestinian children in the gaza Strip which was selected randomly from the data base of two NGOs working with such group of children. The age of children ranged from 6 - 18 years with mean age (11.73). Instruments: The children and adolescents demographic data were collected by questionnaire include sex, age, class, and place of residence, gaza Child Health Study Scales (parents and children forms), and The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory generic core (version 4.0) scale. The results showed that children reported mean conduct disorder was 1.33;oppositional disorder was 5;mean overanxious was 6.75;separation anxiety mean was 6.36;and depression was 7.57. There were statistically significant differences toward boys in depression. According to parents, mean conduct disorder mean was 1.94;mean oppositional disorder was 6.09;mean overanxious was 7.47;separation anxiety mean was 6.48;and mean depression was 9.6. The study showed that mean depression in boys was 10.4 compared to 8.9 in girls. There were statistically significant differences toward boys in depression. Parents of children with physical disabilities reported more overanxious problems in their children compared to other parents with other types of disabilities (vision, mental, and multiple). also, parents of children with physical disability had more separation anxiety than other groups (mental and multiple disabilities). Quality of life of children was scored by children themselves;mean emotional functioning was 8.24;mean social functioning was 6.65;school functioning mean was 9.17;and cognitive functioning was 8.57. The study showed that mental health problems rated by children such as conduct disorder was positively correlated with emotional and cognitive functioning;oppositional disorder was correlated with emotional, social, and c

关键词： Disabled Children Mental Health Problems Quality of Life gaza Strip