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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2020年第3期10卷 318-324页

作者： Hieder al-Shami Ahmed M. Salah Mohamed Fathy Adel ali al-ahly bank hospital Cairo Egypt Department of Neurosurgery Faculty of Medicine Kasr-Alainy Medical School Cairo Egypt

Background: Fixation of bone flap following craniotomy is usually achieved by synthetic materials. In rural and poor funding areas, innovation for cheap, safe and applicable material is needed. Purpose: The aim is to assess our new innovative technique in bone flap fixation against traditional techniques. Patients and Methods: The study was a prospective randomized controlled study enrolled at al-Amal hospital and al-ahly bank hospital from 2014-2019. Forty-eight patients were randomized in the study. Group A (24 patients) underwent titanium miniplate fixation while group B (24 patients) underwent our new technique. The new technique is double J tunnels performed by craniotome on either side of the bone (flap and skull sides), then a Prolene suture is passed through the shared stem of J’ holes and secured in the wrapped side of J’s holes and tying it tightly. Both techniques were examined against fixation time, rigidity, offset and final judgment postoperatively. Result: There was no statistically significant difference in using both techniques as regard fixation time. Our new technique was not inferior to the traditional one in achieving rigidity (p > 0.05). The final postoperative assessment was as equal as that seen in miniplate fixation. Conclusion: This technique is a simple, easy, cheap and effective method of fixing craniotomy bone flap.

关键词： Craniotomy Bone Flap Fixation Miniplate Fixation

Outcome of Early Surgical Decompression in Traumatic Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2020年第3期10卷 353-363页

作者： Mohammed Ahmed Eissa Ahmed Elsharkawy Hieder al-Shami Aya Ouf Ahmed M. Salah El-Din Department of Neurosurgery Cairo University Cairo Egypt Department of Neurosurgery Al-Ahly Bank Hospital Cairo Egypt School of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt

Objectives: Central cord syndrome has been reported to occur with particular frequency among older persons with cervical spondylosis who sustain hyperextension neck injury. This study aims to determine the efficacy of early surgical decompression (within 24 hours) of traumatic central cord syndrome patients in comparison with conservative management for central cord syndrome to determine a line of management to these cases. Methods: 60 patients suffering from acute traumatic central cord syndrome with various neurological deficits were divided into 2 groups, group A (conservatively managed) and group B (surgically managed). Patients in group B were operated upon within 24 hr. of trauma by posterior decompression. Clinical assessment of each patient on admission, discharge and 3 months follow-ups was done using the ASIA Impairment Scale, FIM, Ashworth scale, bladder function, and neuropathic pain symptoms. Results: Data collected from both groups showed, group A (the conservative group) consisted of 22 male (73.3%) and 8 female subjects (26.6%) with a mean age of 57.5 years while in group B (surgical group) the sample consisted of 20 male (66.6%) and 10 female subjects (33.3%) with a mean age of 58.6 years. There was an improvement in our study—according to ASIA and FIM scales—in 8 patients of 30 (26.6%) in the conservative group. In the surgical group, improvement in 16 patients (53.3%). Conclusions: Early surgical decompression with laminectomy and duroplasty can be considered a reliable modality in the management of traumatic CCS and can effectively reduce the secondary injury of the spinal cord and consequent deterioration with less hospital stay.

关键词： Central Cord Syndrome “CCS” Early Surgical Decompression Laminectomy Duroplasty

Low-dose tenofovir is more potent than adefovir and is effective in controlling HBV viremia in chronic HBeAg-negative hepatitis B

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第30期13卷 4096-4099页

作者： Paolo Del Poggio Maurizio Zaccanelli Maria Oggionni Silvia Colombo Carlo Jamoletti Vesna Puhalo Hepatology Unit Treviglio Hospital (Bg) Italy Blood bank (Molecular Biology Section) Treviglio Hospital (Bg) Italy

AIM: To study the efficacy of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) at low dose in a small open trial of chronic hepatitis B patients with advanced stage disease. METHODS: Eleven patients were treated with TDF 75 mg for a median period of 80 (range, 24-576) wk and then 7 cases were shifted to an adefovir 10 mg treatment group. all patients had been pre-treated with lamivudine: 5 had YMDD resistant mutants and 6 wild- type virus. When TDF was started, 4 patients had low- level viremia and 6 were PCR-negative. RESULTS: During TDF treatment, PCR remained negative in 10 patients, transaminase levels were normal and no significant viral breakthrough was observed. The drug was well tolerated in all cases. When TDF 75 mg was substituted with adefovir 10 mg, 3 out of 7 patients had a persistent viral rebound (2700-130 000 copies/mL), in whom lamivudine had to be reintroduced. CONCLUSION: Low-dose TDF monotherapy can control HBV viremia for an extended period of time without the emergence of resistance and is more potent than adefovir at the standard dosage. The use of a reduced dose of TDF could diminish the cost of therapy in low-income countries, but further studies in a larger population and in HBeAg-positive subjects are needed.

关键词： Tenofovir Chronic Hepatitis B Adefovir Nucleotide analogues Low-income countries

Clinical Biobanks, from the World to China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2014年第6期27卷 481-483页

作者： JI Xu ZHAO Xiu Mei JIANG Jing Jing YIN Ling GUO Yu Cheng Clinical Specimen bank Translational Medical Center Chinese PLA General Hospital Administrative Office of Chinese PLA General hospital

The 2009 annual special issue of Time Magazine on March 23rd summarized the ＇10 Ideas Changing the World Right Now＇, in which ＇Biobank＇ had been listed as the eighth. Biobank or biorepository has been developed since last century. Tissue banks represented the early type of clinical biobanks and mainly concentrated on clinical usage such as transplantation at the beginning. The first tissue bank in the United States started in 1949 is the United States Navy Tissue bank. In 1976, the foundation of American Association of Tissue banks （AATB） claimed the official show of biobanks on social stage （***）. From the end of 20th Century to the beginning of 21st Century, diverse biobanks of clinical samples, seed banks, gene banks, germplasm banks of non-human species and other various types have sprung up.

关键词： from the World to China World Clinical Biobanks

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C markers among refugees in Athens

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第5期9卷 993-995页

作者： Anastasios Roussos Constantin Goritsas Thomas Pappas Maria Spanaki Panagiota Papadaki Angeliki Ferti Department of Internal Medicine General Regional Hospital"Sotiria"AthensGreece Blood bank General Regional Hospital"Sotiria"AthensGreece

AIM: To assess the prevalence of hepatitis B and C serological markers in a population of refugees living in ***: One hundred and thirty refugees (81 males and 49 females, mean age ±SD: 31.7±8 years) were included in the study. The hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg),the hepatitis B virus core antibody (anti-HBc) and the hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) were detected using a third-generation ***: Twenty individuals (15.4%) were HBsAg positive and 69 (53.1%) were anti-HBc positive. The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBc was higher among refugees from albania and Asia (statistical significant difference, P＜0.008 and P＜0.001 respectively). The prevalence of these markers was found irrelevant to age or sex. Anti-HCV was detected in the serum of 3 individuals (2.3 %). No differences among age, sex or ethnicity regarding anti-HCV prevalence were ***: It can be concluded that refugees living in Athens are an immigrant population characterized by a high incidence of HBV infection. The prevalence of HBV markers is higher among refugees from albania and Asia. It is therefore believed that the adherence to general precautions and the initiation of HBV vaccination programs will be necessary in the future, especially in these *** the prevalence of HCV infection seems to be relatively low, extended epidemiological surveys are needed to provide valid results.

关键词： Refugees Adolescent Adult Aged albania Asia Biological Markers Female Greece Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Antibodies Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis C Hepatitis C Antibodies Humans Male Middle Aged Seroepidemiologic Studies

Current updates of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing and targeting within tumor cells:an innovative strategy of cancer management

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Cancer Communications 2022年第12期42卷 1257-1287页

作者： Khaled S.allemailem Mohammed A alsahli Ahmad almatroudi Faris alrumaihi Fahd Khaleefah alkhaleefah Arshad Husain Rahmani Amjad ali Khan Department of Medical Laboratories College of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of Laboratory and Blood bank Al Rass General HospitalAl RassSaudi Arabia Department of Basic Health Sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein(CRISPR/Cas9),an adaptive microbial immune system,has been exploited as a robust,accurate,efficient and programmable method for genome targeting and *** innovative and revolutionary technique can play a significant role in animal modeling,in vivo genome therapy,engineered cell therapy,cancer diagnosis and *** CRISPR/Cas9 endonuclease system targets a specific genomic locus by single guide RNA(sgRNA),forming a heteroduplex with target *** Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9/sgRNA:DNA complex reveals a bilobed architecture with target recognition and nuclease ***/Cas9 assembly can be hijacked,and its nanoformulation can be engineered as a delivery system for different clinical ***,the efficient and safe delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to target tissues and cancer cells is very challenging,limiting its clinical *** delivery strategies of this system may have many advantages,but disadvantages such as immune system stimulation,tumor promotion risk and small insertion size outweigh these ***,there is a desperate need to develop an efficient non-viral physical delivery system based on simple *** delivery strategies of CRISPR/Cas9 by a nanoparticle-based system have shown tremendous potential,such as easy and large-scale production,combination therapy,large insertion size and efficient in vivo *** review aims to provide in-depth updates on Streptococcus pyogenic CRISPR/Cas9 structure and its mechanistic *** addition,the advances in its nanoformulation-based delivery systems,including lipid-based,polymeric structures and rigid NPs coupled to special ligands such as aptamers,TAT peptides and cell-penetrating peptides,are ***,the clinical applications in different cancers,clinical trials and future prospects of CRISPR/Cas9 delivery and genome targeting are also discussed.

关键词： cancer clinical trials CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing mechanism nanoparticles structure

Virtual orthopedic assessment:Main principles and specific regions

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第9期12卷 672-684页

作者： Khaled M Emara Ramy Ahmed Diab Mohamed Amr Shady Abdelghaffar Mahmoud Mohamed Nour Ahmed Abdelsalam Mahmoud Ahmed Elshobaky Mona Farhan Mostafa Gemeah Ahmed K Emara Orthopedic Surgery Department Ain Shams UniversityCairo 11566Egypt Orthopedic Surgery Department Bank Ahly HospitalCairo 11566Egypt Department of Health Care Innovation Arizona State UniversityArizonaAZ 85287United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Cleveland ClinicOhioNY 44195United States

Telemedicine was originally created as a way to treat patients who were located in remote places far away from local health facilities or in areas with shortages of medical *** is still used today to address those problems,and is increasingly becoming a tool for convenient medical *** the emergence of pandemics,telemedicine became almost a mandatory and valuable option for continuing to provide medical care in various *** the threat of pandemic progress has continued for months and may continue for years,it is essential to validate existing tools to maintain clinical assessment and patient treatment to avoid negative consequences of the lack of medical ***,the establishment of a virtual assessment technique that can be conducted effectively is of outmost importance as a way of adapting to the current *** study evaluated the role of telemedicine in the assessment of various orthopedic pathologies by means of a systematic virtual evaluation.

关键词： Telemedicine Virtual assessment Orthopedics Epidemic diseases

The Isolation of Vibrio cholera and Other Enteric Bacteria with Molecular Characterization of Vibrio cholera during the Outbreak of Baghdad/Iraq in 2015

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第9期6卷 699-715页

作者： Sarab K. Jameel Mostafa A. Shafek ali M. Abdulmohsen Nadira S. Mohamed Sarmad R. Naji Tuhama T. Mohammed al-Yarmouk Teaching hospital Baghdad Iraq Department of Gene bank University of AL-Nahrain Baghdad Iraq

Vibrio cholera, causing acute watery diarrhea known as cholera disease, affects all ages and both genders. Cholera infection outbreaks in Iraq have been reported for several years. The recent cholera outbreak, emerged throughout 2015, was investigated using bacteriological laboratory tests, singleplex and multiplex PCR technique for the detection of V. cholera from stool samples. Furthermore the toxigenic potential coupled with the antibiotic susceptibility test for cholera and other bacteria were also investigated. The stool samples were collected from 5698 patients admitted to al-Yarmouk Teaching hospital and health care centers in Baghdad/al-Karkh, Iraq, from the 1st of August to the 30th of December 2015. The V. cholera was isolated from 194 cases (3.4% of the cases age between 21 - 50 years). In addition, other enteric infections: Salmonellosis and Shigellosis 7 and 21 respectively, protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica 2 and 43 cases respectively were also reported. High percentage of V. cholera infection was detected in October (122 cases, 62.8%), compared with other enteric infections that show high percentage of diarrheal disease in September and November. The results have confirmed that the cholera outbreak was caused by V. cholera O1, biotype El Tor, and serotype Inaba. Seven virulence genes were identified ctxA, toxR, zot, ace, rfbO1, tcpA and ompW. Moreover, the cholera isolated strains were found sensitive to most antibiotic but resistant to nalidixic acid.

关键词： V. cholera Enteric Bacteria Diarrhea Outbreak Virulence Factor Genes Molecular Identification Antimicrobial Sensitivity Test

Hepatitis B transmission by cell and tissue allografts:How safe is safe enough?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第23期20卷 7434-7441页

作者： Pilar Solves Vicente Mirabet Manuel alvarez Blood bank Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La FeBulevar Sur46026 ValenciaSpain

More than 2 million human tissue transplants(bone,tendon,cartilage,skin,cornea,amniotic membrane,stem cells,heart valve,blood vessel,etc.),are performed worldwide every *** and tissues are shared between countries which have different regulations and laboratory equipment and represent a risk of hepatitis B virus(HBV)transmission that has become a global safety *** the risk of transfusiontransmitted HBV infection from blood donations has been estimated,the rate of HBV transmission from donors to recipients of allografts is unknown and varies between different *** are various important ways of reducing the transmission risk,but donor screening and donor testing are still the main factors for preventing HBV *** detection is included in the routine screening tests for cell and tissue *** standard test for preventing transplant-transmitted hepatitis B is the hepatitis B surface *** implementation of methods involving nucleic acid amplification and the new generation of reactives to detect viral antibodies or antigens with an immunoassay,has increased the sensitivity and the specificity of the screening *** objective of our research was to review the literature and critically analyse the different steps for avoiding HBV transmission in cell and tissue donors,focusing on the screening tests performed.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Tissue bank Tissue transplantation

Mortality associated with gastrointestinal bleeding in children: A retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第9期23卷 1608-1617页

作者： Thomas M Attard Mikaela Miller Chaitanya Pant Ashwath Kumar Mike Thomson Department of Gastroenterology Children’s Mercy Hospital Clinical Decision Support Children’s Mercy Hospital Department of Gastroenterology The University of Kansas Hospital University of Missouri Medical School Sheffield Children’s hospital Western Bank

To determine the clinical characteristics of children with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) who died during the course of their *** interrogated the Pediatric hospital Information System database, including International Classification of Diseases, Current Procedural Terminology and Clinical Transaction Classification coding from 47 pediatric tertiary centers extracting the population of patients (1-21 years of age) admitted (inpatient or observation) with acute, upper or indeterminate GIB (1/2007-9/2015). Descriptive statistics, unadjusted univariate and adjusted multivariate analysis of the associations between patient characteristics and treatment course with mortality was performed with mortality as primary and endoscopy a secondary outcome of interest. all analyses were performed using the R statistical package, *** population with GIB was 19528; 54.6% were male, overall mortality was 2.07%; (0.37% in patients with the principal diagnosis of GIB). When considering only the mortalities in which GIB was the principal diagnosis, 48% (12 of 25 principal diagnosis GIB mortalities) died within the first 3 d of admission, whereas 19.8% of secondary diagnosis GIB patients died with 3 d of admission. Patients who died were more likely to have received octreotide (19.8% c.f. 4.04%) but tended to have not received proton pump inhibitor therapy in the first 48 h, and far less likely to have undergone endoscopy during their admission (OR = 0.489, P alities were significantly more likely to have multiple complex chronic *** associated mortality in children is highest within 7 d of admission. Multiple comorbidities are a risk factor whereas early endoscopy during the admission is protective.

关键词： Pediatrics Gastrointestinal hemorrhage Endoscopy Proton pump inhibitors Mortality Liver disease hospital Information Systems Octreotide