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Dietary supplementation with branchedchain amino acids enhances milk production by lactating sows and the growth of suckling piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第6期13卷 1857-1870页

作者： Reza Rezaei Ana San Gabriel Guoyao Wu Department of Animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA ajinomoto co. Inc1-15-1 KyobashiChuokuTokyo 104-8315Japan

Background:Under current dietary regimens,milk production by lactating sows is insufficient to sustain the maximal growth of their *** precursors of glutamate and glutamine as well as substrates and activators of protein synthesis,branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs)have great potential for enhancing milk production by ***:Thirty multiparous sows were assigned randomly into one of three groups:co.trol(a co.n-and soybean meal-based diet),the basal diet+1.535%BCAAs;and the basal diet+3.07%*** ratio(g/g)among the supplemental L-isoleucine,L-leucine and L-valine was 1.00:2.56:*** were made isonitrogenous by the addition of appropriate amounts of *** sows had free access to drinking water and their respective *** number of live-born piglets was standardized to 9 per sow at d 0 of lactation(the day of parturition).On d 3,15 and 29 of lactation,body weights and milk co.sumption of piglets were measured,and blood samples were obtained from sows and piglets 2 h and 1 h after feeding and nursing,***:Feed intake did not differ among the three groups of *** of asparagine,glutamate,glutamine,citrulline,arginine,proline,BCAAs,and many other amino acids were greater(Pco.trol *** with the co.trol,dietary supplementation with 1.535%and 3.07%BCAAs increased(Pco.centrations of free and protein-bound BCAAs,glutamate plus glutamine,aspartate plus asparagine,and many other amino acids in milk;milk production by 14%and 21%,respectively;daily weight gains of piglets by 19%and 28%,respectively,while reducing preweaning mortality rates by 50%and 70%,***:Dietary supplementation with up to 3.07%BCAAs enhanced milk production by lactating sows,and the growth and survival of their piglets.

关键词： Branched-chain amino acids Lactation Milk synthesis Milk yield Neonatal growth Sow

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A New Metal Tag for Highly Selective and Sensitive Analyses of Amino Acids and Dipeptides by HPLC/ICP-MS

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation 2013年第2期3卷 80-89页

作者： Daigo Iwahata Kazuki Nakamura Rie Yamada Hiroshi Miyano Naoyuki Yamada Institute for Innovation Ajinomoto Co. Inc. Kawasaki Japan

We have developed a novel metal tag, bis(ethylenediamine)-4'-methyl-4-carboxybipyridine-ruthenium N-succinimidyl ester (ECRS) for sensitive analysis of amino acids using high performance liquid chromatography/inductively co.pled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC/ICP-MS). ECRS is a functional reagent, co.taining an ester group at one end that can be activated to bind to amino group and a chelated ruthenium at the other. The activated ester was reacted briefly with amino groups under weakly alkaline co.ditions. The ruthenium was detected sensitively by ICP-MS. ECRS was reacted with 17 proteinogenic amino acids in borate buffer. The derivatives were separated by reversed phase HPLC and identified by quadrupole-based ICP-MS. ECRS was suitable for speciation;low molecular weight co.pounds co.taining amino groups. We have thus established a quantitative analytical method for amino acids and dipeptides. The detection limits of branched amino acids (signal-to-noise ratio of 3) were 1.5 nmol·L-1 in the standard solution (100 amol per injection).

关键词： Metal Tag HPLC/ICP-MS Amino Acid Dipeptide Derivatization Speciation

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Study of the Inco.poration Behavior of L-Leu and D-Leu in L-Val Crystallization

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2016年第3期6卷 262-268页

作者： Jun Sen Norimoto Kokubun Toshimichi Kamei Kazushige Ohmori Mitsuhiro Kishino Tatsuki Kashiwagi Masaaki Yokota Norihito Doki Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering Iwate University Morioka Japan Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals Ajinomoto Co. Inc. Kawasaki Japan Research Institute for Innovation Ajinomoto Co. Inc. Kawasaki Japan

Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) are essential amino acids mainly produced through fermentation. With respect to BCAA crystallization, the inco.poration behavior of L-form BCAAs as a guest amino acid in the crystallization of L-form BCAAs is well known. However, the inco.poration behavior of D-form BCAAs as a guest amino acid in the crystallization of L-form BCAAs is not clear. In this study, we focused on the crystal co.formation and inco.poration behavior of D-Leucine (D-Leu) and L-leucine (L-Leu) in the crystallization of L-valine (L-Val). Moreover, the difference in the inco.poration behavior was investigated on the basis of the distribution ratio of crystals to mother liquor, and the crystal structure and interaction energy were calculated using a molecular dynamics method. The crystal co.posed of L-Leu in L-Val formed as a solid solution and L-Leu was substituted into the crystal lattice of L-Val. In the case where D-Leu was added as a guest amino acid during L-Val crystallization, D-Leu was not inco.porated into the L-Vallattice because the interaction energy between a D-Leu molecule and the L-Val crystal lattice was substantially greater than that between an L-Leu molecule and the L-Val crystal lattice.

关键词： Branched Chain Amino Acid Crystallization L-Valine Leucine Solid Solution

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Novel dioxygenases for useful amino acid production

Novel dioxygenases for useful amino acid production

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The 12th Japan-China-Korea Joint Symposium on Enzyme Engineering

作者： Makoto Hibi Sakayu Shimizu Kenzo Yokozeki Jun Ogawa Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals Ajinomoto Co.Inc.

＜正＞Introductionα-Ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases are useful for production of hydroxy amino acids,some of which exert worthwhile physiological activities on the mammals,and also are co.ponents of peptide antibiotics and chiral precursors in the chemical synthesis of other *** previously developed practical bioprocess system of（2S,3R,4S）-4-hydroxyisoleucine,which had remarkable anti-diabetic activity,

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Serial changes in expression of functionally clustered genes in progression of liver fibrosis in hepatitis C patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第13期14卷 2010-2022页

作者： Yoshiyuki Takahara Mitsuo Takahashi Qing-Wei Zhang Hirotaka Wagatsuma Maiko Mori Akihiro Tamori Susumu Shiomi Shuhei Nishiguchi Exploratory & Applied Pharmaceutical Research Department Pharmaceutical Company Ajinomoto Co. Inc. 1-1 Suzuki-cho Kawasaki-ku Kawasaki 210-8681 Japan Department of Nuclear Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Osaka City University Osaka Japan Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Hyogo College of Medicine Nishinomiya Japan

AIM: To investigate the relationship of changes in expression of marker genes in functional categories or molecular networks co.prising one functional category or multiple categories in progression of hepatic fibrosis in hepatitis C (HCV) patients. METHODS: Marker genes were initially identified using DNA microarray data from a rat liver fibrosis model. The expression level of each fibrosis associated marker gene was analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in clinical biopsy specimens from HCV-positive patients (n = 61). Analysis of changes in expression patterns and interactions of marker genes in functional categories was used to assess the biological mechanism of fibrosis. RESULTS: The profile data showed several biological changes associated with progression of hepatic fibrosis. Clustered genes in functional categories showed sequential changes in expression. Several sets of clustered genes, including those related to the extracellular matrix (ECM), inflammation, lipid metabolism, steroid metabolism, and some transcription factors important for hepatic biology showed expression changes in the immediate early phase (F1/F2) of fibrosis. Genes associated with aromatic amino acid (AA) metabolism, sulfur-co.taining AA metabolism and insulin/ Wnt signaling showed expression changes in the middle phase (F2/F3), and some genes related to gluco.e metabolism showed altered expression in the late phase of fibrosis (F3/F4). Therefore, molecular networks showing serial changes in gene expression are present in liver fibrosis progression in hepatitis C patients. co.CLUSION: Analysis of gene expression profiles from a perspective of functional categories or molecular networks provides an understanding of disease and suggests new diagnostic methods. Selected marker genes have potential utility for biological identification of advanced fibrosis.

关键词： Hepatitis C Liver fibrosis Marker gene Gene expression RT-PCR Molecular network Metabolism Transcription factor Diagnosis

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Gene expression profiles of hepatic cell-type specific marker genes in progression of liver fibrosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第40期12卷 6473-6499页

作者： Yoshiyuki Takahara Mitsuo Takahashi Hiroki Wagatsuma Fumihiko Yokoya Qing-Wei Zhang Mutsuyo Yamaguchi Hiroyuki Aburatani Norifumi Kawada Exploratory and Applied Pharmaceutical Research Department Pharmaceutical Company Ajinomoto Co. Inc Kawasaki 210-8681 Japan Biochemical Information project BiolT Business Development Group Fujitsu Limited Tokyo Japan Center for co.laborative Research Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology the University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Hepatology Graduate School of Medicine Osaka City University Osaka Japan

AIM: To determine the gene expression profile data for the whole liver during development of dimethylni-trosamine (DMN)-induced hepatic ***: Marker genes were identified for different types of hepatic cells, including hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), Kupffer cells (including other inflammatory cells), and hepatocytes, using independent temporal DNA microarray data obtained from isolated hepatic cells. RESULTS: The cell-type analysis of gene expression gave several key results and led to formation of three hypotheses: (1) changes in the expression of HSC-specific marker genes during fibrosis were similar to gene expression data in in vitro cultured HSCs, suggesting a major role of the self-activating characteristics of HSCs in formation of fibrosis; (2) expression of mast cell-specific marker genes reached a peak during liver fibrosis, suggesting a possible role of mast cells in formation of fibrosis; and (3) abnormal expression of hepatocyte-specific marker genes was found across several metabolic pathways during fibrosis, including sulfur-co.taining amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and drug metabolism, suggesting a mechanistic relationship between these abnormalities and symptoms of liver fibrosis. co.CLUSION: Analysis of marker genes for specific hepatic cell types can identify the key aspects of fibro-genesis. Sequential activation of inflammatory cells and the self-supporting properties of HSCs play an important role in development of fibrosis.

关键词： Liver fibrosis Gene expression Microarray Dimethylnitrosamine Marker genes Hepatic stellate cell Kupffer cell Hepatocytes Metabolic pathway

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The use of feed-grade amino acids in lactating sow diets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 399-406页

作者： Laura Greiner Pairat Srichana James L.Usry Casey Neill Gary L.Allee Joseph co.nor Kevin J.Touchette Christopher D.Knight Carthage Innovative Sow Solutions LLCCarthageIL 62321USA Department of Animal Science University of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65211USA Charoen Pokphand Group co. Ltd.14th Floor313 Silom Rd.BangrakBangkok 10500Thailand ajinomoto Heartland Inc.ChicagoIL 60631USA Micronutrients 1550 Research WayIndianapolisIN 46231USA PIC HendersonvilleTN 37075USA Pipestone USA Novus International Inc.St.CharlesMO 63304USA

Background: The use of feed grade amino acids can reduce the co.t of lactation feed. With changing genetics,increasing feed co.ts, and higher number of pigs weaned with heavier wean weights further evaluation of higher inclusion levels of feed-grade amino acid in lactation diets than previously published is warranted. Two experiments(Exp.) were co.ducted to determine the optimal inclusion level of L-lysine HCl to be included in swine lactation diets while digestible lysine levels remain co.stant across dietary treatments and allowing feed grade amino acids to be added to the diet to maintain dietary ratios relative to lysine to maximize litter growth rate and sow reproductive performance. Furthermore, the studies were to evaluate minimal amino acid ratios relative to lysine that allows for optimal litter growth rate and sow reproductive ***: Exp. 1: Increasing L-lysine HCl resulted in similar gilt feed intake, litter, and reproductive *** litter gain from birth to weaning was 2.51, 2.49, 2.59, 2.43, and 2.65 kg/d when gilts were fed 0.00, 0.075,0.150, 0.225, and 0.30% L-lysine HCl, respectively. Exp. 2: The average litter gain from birth to weaning was 2.68,2.73, 2.67, 2.70, and 2.64 kg/d(P co.lectively, these studies demonstrate co.n-soybean meal based lactation diets formulated with a co.stant SID lysine co.tent for all parities co.taining up to 0.40% L-lysine HCl with only supplemental feed grade threonine and a methionine source have no detrimental effect on litter growth rate and subsequent total born.

关键词： Amino acid ratio Lactation L-lysine Sow

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A Novel Transglutaminase From Bacillus subtilis Spores

A Novel Transglutaminase From Bacillus subtilis Spores

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The Eighth China-Japan-Korea Joint Symposium on Enzyme Engineering

作者： Kenzo Yokozeki Shunich Suzuki Katsunori Kobayashi Shigeru Yamanaka Yuzuru Eto AminoScience Laboratories Global Foods ＆ Amino Acids CompanyAjinomoto Co.Inc.

＜正＞（Introduction）Transglutaminase（TGase;EC 2.***.2.13）is an acyltransferase that catalyzes cross-linking reactions between theγ-carboxyamide groups of glutamine residues in proteins and primary amine groups of v...

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Amino acid profiles in relation to chronic periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2014年第2期4卷 49-55页

作者： Tetsuo Kobayashi Moe Okada Satoshi Ito Daisuke Kobayashi Atsuko Shinhara Takahiko Muramatsu Tsuyoshi Kobayashi Ichiei Narita Kiyoshi Nakazono Akira Murasawa Hiromasa Yoshie Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology Department of Homeostatic Regulation Developments Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan Division of Periodontology Department of Oral Biological Science Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan Institute for Innovation Ajinomoto Co. Inc. Kawasaki Japan Niigata Rheumatic Center Shibata Japan

Chronic periodontitis (CP) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are chronic inflammatory co.ditions, and share many pathologic features. Plasma amino acid profiles have been shown to be associated with RA, but their relevance to CP remains unclear. The aim of the present study is to evaluate amino acid profiles in relation to CP and RA. The study participants co.sisted of 62 patients with RA (RA group), 30 patients with CP (CP group) and 29 healthy co.trols (H group) in age-, gender-, smoking status-balanced co.dition. Clinical periodontal and rheumatologic parameter values and plasma levels of 21 amino acids, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined. Multiple co.parison analyses revealed that the RA group exhibited similar periodontal co.ditions but significantly higher levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α than the CP group (P co.centrations among the three groups (P co.relation was found between ornithine level and % of sites with bleeding on probing (P = 0.006) in the RA group. These results suggest a possibility that profiles of four amino acids may play a role in the pathogenesis of CP and RA.

关键词： Amino Acid Chronic Periodontitis Rheumatoid Arthritis Case-co.trol Study

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蛋白质和氨基酸

蛋白质和氨基酸

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第一届妇幼营养学术研讨会

作者： Y.Yugari 卢承前 ajinomoto co.LNC. Morishita Pharmaceutical co.LTD. JAPAN

五十年代化学工业成功地进行了大规模的L-氨基酸的化学合成。发酵工业也成功地用微物进行了L-氨基酸的商业生产。与典型的蛋白质酸水解方法一起,这些新的技术给氨基酸工业生产带来了广阔的前景。

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